Zevachim 224

בעלי מומין עוברין שהקריבן בחוץ פטור ר"ש אומר בעלי מומין קבועין פטור בעלי מומין עוברין חייב בלא תעשה

WITH TRANSIENT BLEMISHES, IF ONE OFFERS THEM WITHOUT, HE IS NOT LIABLE. R'SIMEON SAID: [IF ONE OFFERS] ANIMALS WITH PERMANENT BLEMISHES, HE IS NOT LIABLE; [IF ONE OFFERS] ANIMALS WITH TRANSIENT BLEMISHES, HE VIOLATES A NEGATIVE INJUNCTION.

תורים שלא הגיע זמנן ובני יונה שעבר זמנן שהקריבן בחוץ פטור ר"ש אומר בני יונה שעבר זמנן פטור ותורים שלא הגיע זמנן בלא תעשה

[WITH REGARD TO] TURTLEDOVES BEFORE THEIR TIME AND YOUNG PIGEONS AFTER THEIR TIME.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Turtledoves may be sacrificed only after they reach a certain stage; pigeons, only before. V. Hul. 22a.');">¹</span> IF ONE OFFERED THEM WITHOUT, HE IS NOT LIABLE.

אותו ואת בנו ומחוסר זמן פטור ר"ש אומר הרי זה בלא תעשה שר"ש אומר כל שהוא ראוי לבא לאחר זמן ה"ז בלא תעשה ואין בו כרת וחכ"א כל שאין בו כרת אין בו לא תעשה

R'SIMEON SAID: [IF ONE OFFERS] YOUNG PIGEONS AFTER THEIR TIME, HE IS NOT LIABLE; [IF HE OFFERS] TURTLEDOVES BEFORE THEIR TIME, HE VIOLATES A NEGATIVE INJUNCTION. [ONE WHO OFFERS] AN ANIMAL TOGETHER WITH ITS YOUNG [ON THE SAME DAY], AND [ONE WHO OFFERS] BEFORE TIME, IS NOT LIABLE.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'Before time' is explained anon. An animal may not be slaughtered together with its young on the same day (cf. Lev. XXII, 28) . - In the whole passage the reference is to liability or otherwise for slaughtering without. R. Simeon too means that he has transgressed the negative injunction forbidding the slaughtering of sacrifices without, but is not liable.');">²</span>

מחוסר זמן בין בגופו בין בבעליו

R'SIMEON SAID: HE TRANSGRESSES A NEGATIVE INJUNCTION. FOR R'SIMEON MAINTAINED: WHATEVER IS ELIGIBLE TO COME LATER INVOLVES A NEGATIVE INJUNCTION, BUT DOES NOT INVOLVE KARETH.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And therefore if one does it in ignorance, he is not liable to a sin-offering.');">³</span>

איזהו מחוסר זמן בבעליו הזב והזבה והיולדת והמצורע שהקריבו חטאתם ואשמם בחוץ פטורין עולותיהן ושלמיהן בחוץ חייבין

BUT THE SAGES MAINTAIN: WHATEVER DOES NOT INVOLVE KARETH DOES NOT INVOLVE A NEGATIVE INJUNCTION.' BEFORE TIME APPLIES BOTH TO ITSELF AND TO ITS OWNER.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whether the animal (or bird) was not yet eligible, or whether its owner was not yet eligible or liable.');">⁴</span>

המעלה מבשר חטאת מבשר אשם מבשר קדשי קדשים מבשר קדשים קלים ומותר העומר ושתי הלחם ולחם הפנים ושירי מנחות

WHAT IS BEFORE TIME AS APPLIED TO ITS OWNER? IF A ZAB OR A ZABAH, A WOMAN AFTER CHILDBIRTH,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Before the expiration of forty or eighty days; v. Lev. XII, 1-8.');">⁵</span>

והיוצק והפותת והבולל והמולח והמניף והמגיש והמסדר את השולחן והמטיב את הנרות והקומץ והמקבל דמים בחוץ פטור

OR A LEPER,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' All these, within the period of their counting; v. Lev. XIV, 1-10; XV, 1-15; 25-30.');">⁶</span> OFFERED THEIR SIN-OFFERING OR THEIR GUILT-OFFERING WITHOUT, THEY ARE NOT LIABLE; [IF THEY OFFERED] THEIR BURNT-OFFERINGS OR THEIR PEACE-OFFERINGS WITHOUT, THEY ARE LIABLE.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since these could have been offered as a votive offering within in their name. A sin-offering and a guilt-offering, however, cannot be offered votively.');">⁷</span>

ואין חייבין עליו לא משום זרות ולא משום טומאה ולא משום מחוסר בגדים ולא משום [שלא] רחוץ ידים ורגלים

IF ONE OFFERS UP FLESH OF A SIN-OFFERING, OR FLESH OF A GUILT-OFFERING, OR FLESH OF MOST SACRED SACRIFICES, OR FLESH OF LESSER SACRIFICES, OR THE RESIDUE OF THE 'OMER,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' After the fistful is taken.');">⁸</span> OR THE TWO LOAVES, OR THE SHEWBREAD, OR THE REMAINDER OF MEAL-OFFERINGS; OR IF HE POURS [THE OIL ON TO THE MEAL-OFFERING], OR MINGLES [IT WITH FLOUR], OR BREAKS UP [THE MEAL-OFFERING CAKES], OR SALTS [THE MEAL-OFFERING], OR WAVES IT, OR PRESENTS [IT OPPOSITE THE SOUTH-WEST CORNER OF THE ALTAR], OR SETS THE TABLE [WITH THE SHEWBREAD], OR TRIMS THE LAMPS, OR TAKES OFF THE FISTFUL, OR RECEIVES THE BLOOD.

עד שלא הוקם המשכן היו הבמות מותרות ועבודה בבכורות ומשהוקם המשכן נאסרו הבמות ועבודה בכהנים קדשי קדשים נאכלין לפנים מן הקלעים וקדשים קלים בכל מחנה ישראל באו לגלגל הותרו הבמות קדשי קדשים נאכלין לפנים מן הקלעים וקדשים קלים בכל מקום

- [IF HE DOES ANY OF THESE] WITHOUT, HE IS NOT LIABLE. NOR IS ONE LIABLE ON ACCOUNT OF ANY OF THESE ACTS ON ACCOUNT OF ZARUTH,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the prohibition of a zar (a non-priest) to officiate in the Temple.');">⁹</span>

באו לשילה נאסרו הבמות ולא היה שם תקרה אלא בית אבנים בלבד מלמטן והיריעות מלמעלן והיא היתה מנוחה קדשי קדשים נאכלין לפנים מן הקלעים וקדשים קלים ומעשר שני בכל הרואה

OR UNCLEANNESS, OR LACK OF [PRIESTLY] VESTMENTS,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The priest had to officiate in the special garments prescribed in Ex. XXVIII; if he did not wear them all whilst engaged in any of these, he incurs no liability.');">¹⁰</span> OR THE NON-WASHING OF HANDS AND FEET.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Ex. XXX, 17-21.');">¹¹</span>

באו לנוב וגבעון הותרו הבמות קדשי קדשים נאכלין לפנים מן הקלעים קדשים קלים בכל ערי ישראל

BEFORE THE TABERNACLE WAS SET UP BAMOTH WERE PERMITTED AND THE SERVICE WAS PERFORMED BY THE FIRSTBORN; AFTER THE TABERNACLE WAS SET UP BAMOTH WERE FORBIDDEN AND THE SERVICE WAS PERFORMED BY PRIESTS. MOST SACRED SACRIFICES WERE [THEN] EATEN WITHIN THE CURTAINS, AND LESSER SACRIFICES [WERE EATEN] ANYWHERE IN THE CAMP OF THE ISRAELITES.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 276, n. 6.');">¹²</span>

באו לירושלים נאסרו הבמות ולא היה להן היתר והיא היתה נחלה קדשי קדשים נאכלין לפנים מן הקלעים קדשים קלים ומעשר שני לפנים מן החומה

WHEN THEY CAME TO GILGAL,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' After crossing the Jordan and entering the promised land; the Tent of Meeting was then set up at Gilgal, and it remained there during the fourteen years of conquering and allotting the country.');">¹³</span> BAMOTH WERE [AGAIN] PERMITTED: MOST SACRED SACRIFICES WERE EATEN WITHIN THE CURTAINS, AND LESSER SACRIFICES [WERE EATEN] ANYWHERE.

כל הקדשים שהקדישן בשעת איסור הבמות והקריבן בשעת איסור הבמות מבחוץ הרי אלו בעשה ולא תעשה וחייבין עליו כרת

WHEN THEY CAME TO SHILOH,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' After the fourteen years.');">¹⁴</span> BAMOTH WERE [AGAIN] FORBIDDEN.

הקדישן בשעת היתר הבמות והקריבן בשעת איסור הבמות בחוץ הרי אלו בעשה ולא תעשה ואין חייבין עליהן כרת הקדישן בשעת איסור הבמות והקריבן בשעת היתר הבמות הרי אלו בעשה ואין בהן לא תעשה

[THE TABERNACLE] THERE HAD NO ROOF, BUT [CONSISTED OF] A STONE EDIFICE CEILED WITH CURTAINS, AND THAT WAS THE 'REST' [ALLUDED TO IN SCRIPTURE]:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deut. XII, 9: For ye are not as yet come to the rest and to the inheritance, which the Lord your God giveth thee. When they arrived at Shiloh, they had come to that 'rest'. The significance of this is discussed in the GEMARA:');">¹⁵</span> MOST HOLY SACRIFICES WERE EATEN [THERE] WITHIN THE CURTAINS, AND LESSER SACRIFICES AND SECOND TITHE<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which was to be eaten 'in the place which the Lord thy God shall choose' (ibid. 18) .');">¹⁶</span>

ואלו קדשים קרבין במשכן קדשים שהוקדשו למשכן קרבנות ציבור קרבין במשכן וקרבנות היחיד בבמה קרבנות היחיד שהוקדשו למשכן יקריבו במשכן ואם הקריבן בבמה פטור

[WERE EATEN] WHEREVER [SHILOH] COULD BE SEEN. WHEN THEY CAME TO NOB AND TO GIBEON,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' After Shiloh, the Tabernacle was erected at Nob, and subsequently it was set up at Gibeon.');">¹⁷</span>

ומה בין במת יחיד לבמת ציבור סמיכה ושחיטת צפון

BAMOTH WERE [AGAIN] PERMITTED: MOST HOLY SACRIFICES WERE EATEN WITHIN THE CURTAINS, AND LESSER SACRIFICES [AND SECOND TITHE]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'And second tithe' is a var. lec.');">¹⁸</span> IN ALL THE CITIES OF ISRAEL. WHEN THEY CAME TO JERUSALEM, BAMOTH WERE FORBIDDEN AND WERE NEVER AGAIN PERMITTED,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Even after the destruction of the Temple.');">¹⁹</span> AND THAT WAS THE 'INHERITANCE'. MOST HOLY SACRIFICES WERE EATEN WITHIN THE CURTAINS,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the place corresponding to within the curtains of the Tabernacle, viz., in the Temple court.');">²⁰</span> AND LESSER SACRIFICES AND SECOND TITHE WITHIN THE WALL [OF JERUSALEM]. ALL SACRIFICES CONSECRATED WHILE BAMOTH WERE FORBIDDEN AND OFFERED WITHOUT WHILE BAMOTH WERE FORBIDDEN, INVOLVE A POSITIVE AND A NEGATIVE INJUNCTION,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XVII, 5: even that they may bring them unto the Lord; this is a positive injunction. Deut. XII, 13: Take heed to thyself that thou offer not thy burnt-offerings in every place that thou seest; this is the negative injunction, and is understood to apply to all sacrifices.');">²¹</span> AND ONE IS LIABLE TO KARETH ON THEIR ACCOUNT.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XVII, 4: And hath not brought it unto the door of the tent of meeting . . that man shall be cut off among his people.');">²²</span> IF ONE CONSECRATED THEM WHILE BAMOTH WERE PERMITTED, BUT OFFERED THEM WITHOUT WHEN BAMOTH WERE FORBIDDEN, THEY INVOLVE A POSITIVE AND A NEGATIVE INJUNCTION, BUT ONE IS NOT LIABLE TO KARETH ON THEIR ACCOUNT.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 106b.');">²³</span> IF ONE CONSECRATED THEM WHEN BAMOTH WERE FORBIDDEN, AND OFFERED THEM WHEN BAMOTH WERE PERMITTED, THEY INVOLVE A POSITIVE INJUNCTION,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Having consecrated them when bamoth were forbidden, he was subject to the positive injunction, 'even that they may bring them unto the Lord', which means to the Tabernacle. By waiting until the Tabernacle was destroyed, which rendered this impossible, he transgressed that injunction.');">²⁴</span> BUT THEY DO NOT INVOLVE A NEGATIVE INJUNCTION. THE FOLLOWING SACRIFICES WERE OFFERED IN THE TABERNACLE:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When it was at Gilgal, when bamoth too were permitted.');">²⁵</span> SACRIFICES CONSECRATED FOR THE TABERNACLE: PUBLIC SACRIFICES WERE OFFERED IN THE TABERNACLE, AND PRIVATE SACRIFICES WERE OFFERED AT A BAMAH.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If animals were consecrated for public or private sacrifices, and the place was unspecified, it is tacitly assumed that the former were meant for sacrifice in the Tabernacle (public sacrifices could be sacrificed only there) , and the latter were meant for bamoth.');">²⁶</span> IF PRIVATE SACRIFICES WERE CONSECRATED FOR THE TABERNACLE, THEY MUST BE OFFERED IN THE TABERNACLE; YET IF ONE OFFERED THEM AT A BAMAH, HE IS NOT LIABLE. WHEREIN DID THE MINOR BAMAH AND THE GREAT BAMAH DIFFER? [IN RESPECT OF] LAYING [OF HANDS]. SLAUGHTERING IN THE NORTH,