פירוש על עבודה זרה 52:4

According to one opinion, an “apostate” is one who sins because it makes life easier (for instance, it is cheaper to eat non-kosher meat). A “heretic” is one who sins because he wants to provoke (i.e. two hamburgers are put in front of them, one kosher one not, and they eat the non-kosher one). To the other opinion, the term “apostate” includes both categories of sinners. According to this view a “heretic” is a Jew who goes so far as to worship idols.