תלמוד על ראש השנה 32:7

Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba asked, from which judgment was grain hit which was hit on Passover eve? If you want to say, from the coming year, up to then it did not come. If you want to say from the past year, it was weak the entire year to be hit in this way. From which judgment are those dying who die between New Year’s day and the Day of Atonement? If you want to say, from the coming year, up to then it did not come. If you want to say from the past year, he was weak the entire year to die in this way. He had not heard what Rebbi Crispus said in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan, there are three ledgers²²⁰Babli 16b. The word for “ledger’ is a Hebraized form of Greek πίναξ, “writing tablet of pine wood.”. One for perfectly just people, one for perfectly evil people, and one for average ones. Those of the one for the perfectly just already took judgment²²¹Following the reading of G, Greek ʼαπόφασις, “judgment”. The readings of the scribe of the manuscript אפיכי, and of A אופכי, are unexplained. of life from New Year’s Day. Those of the one for the perfectly evil already took their verdict from New Year’s Day. Those of the average ones already were given the ten days of repentance between New Year’s day and the Day of Atonement. If they repented, they were inscribed with the just ones; otherwise they are inscribed with the evil ones. What is the reason? May they be erased from the book²²²Ps. 69:29., these are the evil ones; of life, these are the just ones; and with the just ones not being inscribed, these are the average ones.

“And on Tabernacles they are judged about water.” ²⁵³The next sentences are from Sukkah 4:1, Notes 10–12. The Mishnah is Rebbi Aqiba’s²⁵⁴It can be asserted that Heaven determines the water supply only if there is a biblical connection between Tabernacles and water., since Rebbi Aqiba said the pouring of water is a word of the Torah: On the second day and their libations. On the sixth say, and its libations. On the seventh day, and its rules. מ י מ “water”. The Torah said, bring first-fruit barley on Passover that your grain be blessed; bring first-fruit wheat on Pentecost that your tree fruits be blessed²⁵⁵This seems to follow R. Jehudah who asserts (Babli Sanhedrin70b) that the Tree of Knowledge Good and Bad was wheat (Rashi to Babli 16a.). Therefore say, water libation on Tabernacles that your water be blessed. Rebbi Simeon ben Yoḥai stated: If Israel were acceptable on New Year’s Day and ample rain was decided for them, but in the end they sinned. To reduce it is impossible [since the decision had been rendered.]²⁵⁶Corrector’s addition, unsupported by G (but its meaning understood.) What does the Holy One, praise to Him, do? He disperses it into oceans, deserts, and rivers, so that the earth have no benefit from it. What is the reason? To let rain on manless earth, desert no human in it²⁵⁷Job38:26.. If Israel were not acceptable on New Year’s Day and scarce rain was decided for them, but in the end they repented. To augment it is impossible [since the decision had been rendered.]²⁵⁶Corrector’s addition, unsupported by G (but its meaning understood.) What does the Holy One, praise to Him, do? He brings it down appropriately for the land and blows dew and winds so that the earth benefit from it. What is the reason? Its furrows make fertile, bring down its bundles, make it fat by soft rains, bless its growth²⁵⁸Ps. 65:11.. Aridity, also heat, will steal the snow waters; they sinned to the pit²⁵⁹Job24:19. Introduction to the next sentence.. The sins which they committed during the summer robbed them of the snow waters. It is written²⁶⁰Deut. 11:12.: Always the eyes of the Eternal, your God, are on it, from the start of the year. Cahana said, it is written “from poverty.²⁶¹Babli 16b. Sparse rains at the start of the rainy period lead people to repentance.” He lets it suffer at the beginning and gives it a good future at the end.