Commentary for Kiddushin 31:1
בעובד כוכבים שישנו תחת ידך או אינו אלא בעובד כוכבים שאינו תחת ידך אמרת וכי מה אפשר לעשות לו הא אין הכתוב מדבר אלא בעובד כוכבים שישנו תחת ידך :
this refers to a heathen who is under your rule.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'hand.' Even then, the Jew must remain his slave until jubilee.');"><sup>1</sup></span> Yet perhaps it is not so, the reference being to a heathen who is not under your rule? - You can answer; [if so,] what can be done to him?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' How can he be forced to provide facilities for redemption?');"><sup>2</sup></span> Hence Scripture speaks only of a heathen who is under your rule.
Daf Shevui to Kiddushin
According to Rabbi, the verse in Leviticus refers to a Gentile who lives under Israelite rule. He owns the Hebrew slave and must send him free at the Jubilee. It cannot refer to the Gentile not living under Israelite rule because such a Gentile would not listen to the Jew in the first place.
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