Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Commentary for Kiddushin 78:11

והא א"ר אלעזר שלוחי מצוה אין נזוקין התם בהליכתן שאני

was meditating upon a transgression? - The Holy One, blessed be He, does not combine an evil thought with an [evil] act.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For punishment. - I.e., one is not punished for mere intention.');"><sup>26</sup></span> Yet perhaps he was meditating idolatry, and it is written, that I may take the house of Israel i their own heart?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ezek. XIV, 5: 'heart' implies intention; the reference is to idolatry; v. preceding verse, and thus we see that even the intention of idolatry is punished.');"><sup>27</sup></span> - That too was precisely his point: should you think that precepts are rewarded in this world, why did the [fulfilment of these] precepts not shield him from being led to [such] meditation?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. Aboth IV, 2: 'the reward of a precept is a precept, and the punishment of transgression is transgression, for precept draws precept and transgression draws transgression'.');"><sup>28</sup></span>

Daf Shevui to Kiddushin

In general, those going to perform a mitzvah are not injured. However, if there is human negligence involved, meaning the ladder was rickety, then one cannot rely on divine intervention.
Note that this resolution still resolves the notion that the world makes sense—while we cannot rely on a miracle, we might be able to rely on our own abilities to make sure that our ladders are safe. Theoretically, if the ladder had been checked, this damage could have been prevented.
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