Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Commentary for Pesachim 187:6

מיתיבי רבי יהודה אומר עוביו של רקיע אחד מעשרה ביום תדע כמה מהלך אדם בינוני ביום עשר פרסאות ומעלות השחר עד הנץ החמה ארבעת מילין משקיעת החמה ועד צאת הכוכבים ארבעת מילין נמצאת עוביו של רקיע אחד מעשרה ביום תיובתא דרבא תיובתא דעולא תיובתא

Ten parasangs: from daybreak until the first sparklings of the rising sun five mils, and from sunset until the stars appear five mils: hence the thickness of the heaven is one sixth of the day['s journey].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The periods from daybreak until the rising sun is in the heavens, and again from sunset until the stars appear, were regarded as the time during which the sun was passing through the sky, which was conceived as a solid vault stretched out above the earth. Hence it follows from Rabbah's dictum that since five mils can be walked in each of these two periods, while thirty mils can be walked during the day excluding these periods (ten parasangs=forty mils) , the thickness of the sky is one sixth of the world's diameter.');"><sup>7</sup></span> An objection is raised: Rab Judah said: The thickness of the sky is one tenth of the day's journey.

Tosafot on Pesachim

Rabbi Yehuda says: From sunset to dusk one can walk four mil - Rabbeinu Tam finds this difficult, since at the end of [the chapter named] "With what do we light" (Shabbat 34b) it says: "What is twilight? From sunset for the whole time that the eastern sky is red - these are the words of Rabbi Yehuda." They conclude there that Rabbi Yehuda's twilight is three quarters of a mil, and here Rabbi Yehuda himself says it is four mil. One can [solve this by] saying that here he was stating from the beginning of sunset, which is when the sun begins to enter the width of the firmament, until the night time, which is four mil. There he was counting from the end of sunset.
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