כי מפריש מעות לקינו והעשיר הוא דמוסיף עליהון ומייתי כשבה או שעירה דתרוייהו מיני דמים נינהו
From his sin-offering', and 'To his sin-offering'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. V, 6. 10, 13. This is the literal translation of these expressions; E.V. render: 'as concerning his sin' 'as concerning his sin' and 'as touching his sin' respectively. These expressions are found in connection with the sin-offering brought for certain transgressions which varies according to the financial circumstances of the sinner: if he is rich he must bring a female lamb or a female goat for his sin-offering, if poor he must bring either two turtle-doves or two young pigeons, and if he is very poor he must bring the tenth part of an ephah as a meal-offering. It n should be observed that in the first two texts the preposition 'from' is used, indicating that from a larger sum of money assigned for the kg sin-offering some is taken for the offering and the remainder is non-holy, while in the last text the preposition 'to' is used, signifying that in certain circumstances money must be added to the sum originally assigned.');"><sup>24</sup></span>
Sefer HaChinukh
From the laws of the commandment is that each one of these four sins obligates its doer to bring a ewe or a female goat, like the well-known law of the fixed sin-offering; and he is only exempted with fowl or flour if he is poor. But if he is poor and he brings a ewe or a female goat, he has not fulfilled his obligation. And the reason is that since God, blessed be He, had mercy upon him and exempted him with [something less expensive] it is not appropriate that he push himself to bring more than what his hand can reach. And from this, every understanding person will acquire good counsel: to not make expenditures [that are] more than what is fitting according to his money - as this is a cause to steal from the creatures when he seeks that to which he is accustomed and does not find [it]. And they also said (Keritot 27b) that one who was wealthy and separated money to buy a ewe or a female goat with it and became poor and needs the money, should take two doves or two young pigeons; and he should say, "Behold this money is rendered profane upon these birds." And afterwards, he may benefit from all of the money. And so [too, if] he separated money for fowl and became poor and needed them, he renders them profane on a tenth of an eifah of flour, and benefits from [the money]. And so [too,] a poor person who separated money for a tenth of an eifah [of flour] and became wealthy, adds upon it and brings a ewe or a female goat. And for this matter, a wealthy person is called one so long as he has [the wealth]. And the liability for these sacrifices is only when inadvertent - and with an oath of testimony even when volitional - but if under duress, there is no liability for a sacrifice with any of them (Shevuot 31b). As the Torah exempts any [one under] duress from any liability (Pesachim 71b).
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