Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Halakhah for Sanhedrin 163:15

ויקם מתוך העדה ויקח רומח בידו מיכן שאין נכנסין בכלי זיין לבית המדרש שלף שננה והניחה באונקלו והיה

Now, what did he see? — Rab said: He saw what was happening and remembered the <i>halachah</i>, and said to him, 'O great-uncle! did you not teach us this on thy descent from Mount Sinai: He who cohabits with a heathen woman is punished by zealots?' He replied. 'He who reads the letter, let him be the agent [to carry out its instructions]'. Samuel said: He saw that 'There is no wisdom nor understanding nor counsel against the Lord':<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Prov. XXI, 30. ');"><sup>27</sup></span> whenever the Divine Name is being profaned, honour must not be paid to one's teacher.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., seeing the profanation of the Divine Name, he did not wait for Moses' ruling. ');"><sup>28</sup></span> R. Isaac said in R. Eleazar's name: He saw the angel wreaking destruction amongst the people. And he rose up out of the midst of the congregation, and took a spear in his hand;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XXV, 7. ');"><sup>29</sup></span> hence one may not enter the house of learning with weapons.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since he rose up out of the congregation, i.e., the Sanhedrin, implying that he went out. ');"><sup>30</sup></span> He removed its point and placed it in his undergarment, and went along

Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim

It's permitted to enter the synagogue with one's staff or satchel or backpack (meaning, purses - the Targum has backpack to be briefcase). Some forbid entering with a long knife or with it's blade uncovered.
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