Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Musar for Sanhedrin 91:9

מתיב רב אדא בר אהבה אין דנין שנים ביום אחד ואפילו בנואף ונואפת תרגמא רב חסדא בבת כהן ובועלה

R. Adda b. Ahabah raised an objection: 'Two [capital] cases may not be triedin one day; not even that of an adulterer and hisparamour'?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Tosef, Sanh. VII. Although it is one transgression involving the same penalty; moreover, the crime of both consisted in the single identical act. ');"><sup>17</sup></span> R. Hisda explained thisas referring to the daughter of a priest and herparamour;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whose executions are not simiiar. The woman is punished by burning (Lev. XXI, 9) and the man by strangulation if she be a nesu'ah, or by stoning, if she be an arusah (v. Glos.). ');"><sup>18</sup></span>

Shenei Luchot HaBerit

Prior to the appointment of the first king, the Sanhedrin performed both functions, i.e. משפט התורה as well as הוראת שעה. This is one of the reasons Moses is referred to in our traditonal sources as מלך, king. This is also why, after the destruction of the Temple when Israel no longer had a king, Rabbi Eliezer is on record as saying: "I have heard that (nowadays) a Jewish Court of Law may administer corporal punishment even when Torah law does not call for this."
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