Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Musar for Sotah 14:15

ואם אמרה טהורה אני מעלין אותה לשערי מזרח מעלין אותה

for instance, Which wise men have told and have not hid it [from their fathers],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., they confessed, Job XV, 18. (E.V. 'Which wise men have told from their fathers and have not hid it'). ');"><sup>14</sup></span> namely Judah confessed and was not ashamed; what was his end? He inherited the life of the world to come. Reuben confessed and was not ashamed; what was his end? He inherited the world to come. And what was their reward? What was their reward [you ask]! It was as we have just mentioned. But [the meaning is], What was their reward in this world? Unto them alone the land was given, and no stranger passed among them.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. 19. ');"><sup>15</sup></span> It is quite right with Judah; we find that he confessed, for it is written: And Judah acknowledged them, and said: She is more righteous than I.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Gen. XXXVIII, 26. ');"><sup>16</sup></span> Whence, however, is it that Reuben confessed? — As R. Samuel b. Nahmani said in the name of R. Johanan: What means that which is written: Let Reuben live and not die; and this for Judah?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deut. XXXIII, 6f. ');"><sup>17</sup></span> All the years that the Israelites were in the wilderness, Judah's bones<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' According to tradition, the bones of all Jacob's sons were carried out of Egypt. ');"><sup>18</sup></span> kept turning in his coffin until Moses arose and begged mercy for him. He said before Him, Lord of the Universe, who caused Reuben to confess? It was Judah,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When he confessed, Reuben followed his example. ');"><sup>19</sup></span> [as it is stated], 'And this for Judah'; immediately [after Moses prayed], 'Hear, Lord, the voice of Judah', each limb entered its socket.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of the skeleton and ceased rolling about. ');"><sup>20</sup></span> But [the angels] would not permit him to enter the heavenly Academy;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where the Torah is studied. ');"><sup>21</sup></span> [so Moses prayed], 'And bring him in unto his people'. He was unable to discuss the theme which the Rabbis were then debating; [so Moses prayed], 'With his hands let him contend for himself.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' May he be able to prevail in the debate. ');"><sup>22</sup></span> He was still not able to secure a decision in accordance with the traditional practice; [so Moses prayed], 'Be an help against his adversaries'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. B.M. 86a. ');"><sup>23</sup></span> It is quite right that Judah confessed so that Tamar should not be burnt; but why did Reuben confess? Surely R. Shesheth has declared: Consider him shameless who [publicly] specifies his sins! — [Reuben confessed] so that his brothers should not be suspected [of his offence]. IF SHE SAID, 'I HAVE MISCONDUCTED MYSELF' etc. Is it to be concluded from this that a quittance is written out?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The question whether a quittance is given or the document of the marriage-settlement torn is discussed in B.B. 170b. ');"><sup>24</sup></span> — Abaye said: Read [in our Mishnah]: [The document of the marriage-settlement] is torn. Raba replied to him, But the Mishnah mentions A QUITTANCE! But, said Raba, we deal here with places where they do not write a document for a marriage-settlement.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This was sometimes not done because there was an established rule about the amount due to a wife from her husband, v. B.M. (Sonc. ed.) p. 107, n. 4. ');"><sup>25</sup></span> BUT IF SHE SAYS, 'I AM PURE', THEY BRING HER UP TO THE EAST GATE. 'THEY BRING HER UP'?

Shenei Luchot HaBerit

Yehudah is an example of the first aspect of the pillar Torah that we have cited. Our sages say that during all the forty years that the Israelites wandered in the desert the bones of Yehudah kept turning over within his coffin, and that Moses prayed to G–d שמע ה' קול יהודה ואל עמו תביאנו, "please G–d listen to the voice of Yehudah and restore him to his people" (Deut.33,7). The Talmud Sotah 7 explains that during all these years Yehudah had not been assigned a seat in the celestial academy, had not made proper progress in his studies, and had not succeeded in reconciling what he studied with the halachic decisions. Moses prayed that this should change. In the case of David, however, we find that since his learning matched the halachic decisions it is rated extremely high, and that is why it is said of him וה' עמו, "that G–d was with him, i.e. approved of David's halachic pronouncements. (compare Samuel I 18,14, and Shabbat 56 on that verse.) Yissachar is an example of the second criterion that is required for Torah to be a true pillar supporting the world, i.e. his full time dedication to Torah study. Zevulun is an example of the third criterion, that of supporting Torah scholars financially. To underline the esteem the Torah has for that kind of Torah support, we find that tribe referred to as מטה זבולון, i.e. not ומטה זבולון, to show that he was in a class by himself (compare Baal Haturim on Bamidbar 2,7). He is shown the same deference in Deut. 33,18, when he is mentioned before Issachar, who was his senior.
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