Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Talmud for Shabbat 68:5

הא גופה קשיא אמרת איזהו ביה"ש משתשקע החמה כ"ז שפני מזרח מאדימין הא הכסיף התחתון ולא הכסיף העליון לילה הוא והדר תנא הכסיף התחתון ולא הכסיף העליון בין השמשות אמר רבה אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל כרוך ותני איזהו ביה"ש משתשקע החמה כל זמן שפני מזרח מאדימין והכסיף התחתון ולא הכסיף העליון נמי בין השמשות הכסיף העליון והשוה לתחתון לילה ורב יוסף אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל הכי קתני משתשקע החמה כ"ז שפני מזרח מאדימין יום הכסיף התחתון ולא הכסיף העליון ביה"ש הכסיף העליון והשוה לתחתון לילה

This is self-contradictory. You say, 'What is twilight? From sunset as long as the face of the east has a reddish glow.' Hence, if the lower horizon is pale but not the upper, it is night.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For 'the face of the east' includes the lower horizon. ');"><sup>8</sup></span> Then it is taught, 'When the lower [horizon] is pale but not the upper, it is twilight'? — Rabbah answered in the name of Rab Judah in Samuel's name: Combine [them] and learn: What is twilight? From sunset as long as the face of the east has a reddish glow, And if the lower [horizon] is pale but not the upper, that too is twilight. But when the upper horizon is pale and the same as the lower, it is night. While R. Joseph answered in the name of Rab Judah in Samuel's name, This is what he teaches: From sunset as long as the face of the east has a reddish glow, it is day; if the lower [horizon] is pale but not the upper, it is twilight; when the upper is pale and the same as the lower, it is night.

Jerusalem Talmud Berakhot

It was stated: All the time that the Eastern sky is red it is certainly daylight. If it became silver colored then it is dusk. If it became black, equally from zenith to horizon, then it is night33The Babli (Šabbat 34b) has a tannaitic statement: “What is dusk? From sundown all the time that the Eastern sky is red. If the lower part turns silver colored (pale grey) but the zenith is not yet silver colored, that is dusk. If the zenith is silver colored equal to the horizon then it is night; these are the words of R. Yehudah (bar Ilaï).” This statement looks somewhat garbled and it is explained in the name of Samuel as: “From sundown all the time that the Eastern sky is red it is daytime. If the lower part turns silver colored (pale grey) but the zenith is not yet silver colored, that is dusk. If the zenith is silver colored equal to the horizon, then it is night.” The text of the Yerushalmi is from a tannaitic source and supports Samuel’s reading. However, the Yerushalmi version is clearer since when the color of the sky at the horizon is equal to that at the zenith and is darker than pale grey, it is close to being dark..
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