Bekhorot 79
בשושן הבירה אחת על קרן מזרחית צפונית ואחת על קרן מזרחית דרומית
in [the gate called] the Castle of Shushan,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The eastern gate of the Temple mount on which the picture of the Castle of Shushan was sculptured, v. Mid, I, 3.');"><sup>1</sup></span>
שעל קרן מזרחית צפונית היתה יתירה על של משה חצי אצבע ושעל קרן מזרחית דרומית היתה יתירה עליה חצי אצבע נמצאת יתירה על של משה אצבע
one in the north-east corner, and the other in the south-east corner That in the northeast corner was larger than the Mosaic cubit by half a finger's breadth and that of the south-east corner was larger than its companion by half a finger's breadth.
תרתי למה לי
So that while the workmen used to undertake their tasks according to the smaller cubit [of Moses] but executed in accordance with the large, in order that it should not come to commit sacrilege.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Illegally benefiting from a sacred object. For if the workmen followed the Mosaic cubit, since it is not always possible to be exact, there was a fear that what was actually holy might be used in a secular manner.');"><sup>2</sup></span>
חדא דכספא וזהבא וחדא דבניינא
And what need was there for two standard-cubits? - One standard-cubit [which was half a finger's breadth larger than that of Moses] was used for measuring gold and silver<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Mosaic cubit being stipulated but the workmen in executing the work, giving the larger cubit.');"><sup>3</sup></span>
לאותה ששנינו שיש בשר בין חוליא לחוליא מלא אצבע:
R'Nahman B'Isaac or you may say R'Huna B'Nathan, said: [The exact measurement of a finger's breadth mentioned above has] reference to what we have learnt: OR IF THERE IS FLESH BETWEEN ONE JOINT AND ANOTHER TO THE AMOUNT OF A FINGER'S BREADTH.
מעשה שמיעך ולא יצא נשחטה ונמצאת דבוקה בכסלים והתיר ר"ע ואסר רבי יוחנן בן נורי:
IT HAPPENED THAT ONE RUBBED IT AND [THE STONE] DID NOT COME OUT, BUT WHEN IT WAS SLAUGHTERED [THE STONE] WAS FOUND ATTACHED TO THE LOINS, AND R'AKIBA PERMITTED [THE ANIMAL]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To be eaten, for it was a blemish, owing to the fact that it was not in its place.');"><sup>6</sup></span>
חסורי מיחסרא והכי קתני
<big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>If in a case where it only has one stone, you say [in the Mishnah] that it is a blemish, in a case where it has no stones at all, is there any question?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' About its being a blemish?');"><sup>8</sup></span>
יש לו ב' כיסים בידוע שיש לו ב' ביצים אין לו אלא כיס אחד כמי שאין לו אלא ביצה אחת דמי
R'ISHMAEL SAYS:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Ishmael differs therefore only as regards the second clause of the Mishnah, but as regards the first, he agrees that where the animal has only one bag it is a blemish, for it is as if there was only one stone. irhpc vagn');"><sup>10</sup></span>
תניא א"ר יוסי
IF HAPPENED THAT HE RUBBED IT AND THE STONE DID NOT COME OUT etc. It has been taught: Said R'Jose: It happened at Peran<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The name of a village (Rashi) . Tosaf. renders the passage 'It happened in the stables of the house of Menahem' etc. deriving irhp vrp from .');"><sup>11</sup></span>
עד מתי אתה מכלה ממונן של ישראל
Said R'Akiba to R'Johanan B'Nuri: 'How long will you waste the money of Israel'?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For since you forbid the eating of the animal as an unblemished firstling without Jerusalem, there is no other remedy except burying it.');"><sup>12</sup></span>
לאו מישחט שחטיה
But it is not a case here of the prohibition of trefahs! Then [this is what he said to R'Akiba]: How long will you allow Israel to eat consecrated sacrifices without [the wall of Jerusalem]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For it is an unblemished firstling which can only be eaten in Jerusalem and, according to your ruling, it will be eaten outside the walls of Jerusalem.');"><sup>15</sup></span>
<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> א"ר הונא
is meant only when [the animal] has one foot too few or one too many in front;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' E.g., if in the one case it has three fore-feet as well as its two hind-feet, and in the other, it has the two hind-feet and one fore-foot. The reason is that trefah does not apply to the fore-foot.');"><sup>18</sup></span>
אמר רב פפא
for 'every addition is considered equal to the entire absence [of the respective limb]'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the law is that if the part from the knee upwards is cut then the animal is trefah.');"><sup>20</sup></span>
מומין אלו מנה אילא ביבנה והודו לו חכמים
<big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>IF THE BONE OF THE FORE-FOOT [OF A FIRSTLING] OR OF ITS HIND-FOOT IS BROKEN, EVEN THOUGH IT IS NOT NOTICEABLE,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is explained in the Gemara below.');"><sup>24</sup></span>
למימרא דלאו היינו אורחיה
But is it then a blemish? - Said R'Papa: [The break] is not noticeable in itself but it is noticeable owing to the animal's inability to carry out normal functions.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of walking naturally, as at present it limps.');"><sup>27</sup></span>
אינו ידוע תשב לזכר ולנקבה דברי ר"מ
If a woman gives birth to a kind of animal, beast or bird, whether clean or unclean, if it is a male she must observe the regulations relating to the birth of a male,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., seven days of impurity and then the continuation for thirty-three days in blood of purification. Lit., 'she sits'.');"><sup>29</sup></span>
ואמר רבה בר בר חנה א"ר יוחנן
and if it is a female she must observe the regulations relating to the birth of a female.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., fourteen impure days and then continue with sixty-six days of the blood of purification.');"><sup>30</sup></span>
מ"ט דר"מ הואיל וגלגל עינו עגול כשל אדם
If [the sex], however, is not known, then she must keep the regulations relating both to a male and a female.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The stricter rules of both sexes i.e., fourteen impure days and only thirty-three pure days.');"><sup>31</sup></span>
ל"ק הא באוכמא הא בחיוורא:
And Rabbah B'Bar Hana reported in the name of R'Johanan: What is the reason of R'Meir?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who maintains that if a woman gives birth to a species of animal etc. it is considered as a genuine offspring.');"><sup>32</sup></span>
ושניטל רוב המדבר שבלשונו:
and in the other the slit<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is unusual for this to be round. The reading of the text is , according to Rashi and R. Gershom. R. Hananel has , referring to truuhj the red parts surrounding the black of the eye. Cur. edd. , 'the white part'.');"><sup>35</sup></span>
ואת שניטל רוב הלשון רבי יהודה אומר
that the mouth must be pointed besides the lip being parted, but if [the lip] is parted, even though the mouth is not pointed.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is a blemish. Another interpretation of given by Rashi is: The mouth is round besides the upper lip and upper jaws overlapping the lower jaws.');"><sup>37</sup></span>
הרי זה מום:
For it has been taught: And one which has the greater part of the tongue removed; R'Judah, however, says: The greater part of the anterior of the tongue.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And since the Mishnah speaks of the anterior part of the tongue, must represent the view of R. Judah and not that of the first Tanna quoted.');"><sup>38</sup></span>
וקאמרינן
- Since we have learnt [in the previous] Mishnah: Or its mouth was like that of a swine, and the Rabbis differ from R'[Ila].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When they declare above: We have only heard these already mentioned etc.');"><sup>40</sup></span>
כי פליגי רבנן עליה דרבי בשפתו עליונה עודפת על התחתונה אבל שהתחתונה עודפת על העליונה הרי זה מום
And it is with reference to this that we are now told that the Rabbis differ from R'[Ila] only where the upper lip is larger than the lower one, but where the lower lip is larger than the upper one, [they agree that] this is a [disqualifying] blemish.