Chullin 106

אהדדי

each other.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the lion has not yet attacked the cattle.');">¹</span>

כי פליגי דאיהו קא שתיק ואינהו קמקרקרן מר סבר

Their dispute arises only where the lion was silent and they were lowing; one [Samuel] is of the opinion that this is an indication that it has already attacked them, whereas the other [Rab] is of the opinion that they are lowing out of fear only.

מעשה קא עביד בהו ומר סבר

Amemar said: The law is that we must be apprehensive of [an animal] about which there was a doubt whether it had been clawed or not.

מחמת בעתותיה הוא דקא עבדן

Whereupon R'Ashi said to Amemar, But what about Rab's view? - He replied: I have not heard of it, by which I mean to say.

אמר אמימר הלכתא

I don't agree with it.

חוששין לספק דרוסה

Or else I can say that Rab withdrew his opinion in favour of Samuel's.

א"ל רב אשי לאמימר

For it once happened that a basket of [live] birds, about which there was a doubt whether they had been clawed or not, was brought before Rab.

האי דרב מאי

He thereupon sent it to Samuel, who at once strangled the birds and threw them into the river.

א"ל

Now if you were to say that Rab had not retracted his view, then why did he not permit them?

לא שמיע לי כלומר לא סבירא לי

But you hold, do you not, that Rab had retracted his view; why then did he not himself forbid them?

ואי בעית אימא

Rather [what you must say is that] it happened in the town where Samuel lived.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rab did not wish to interfere where Samuel had jurisdiction. This incident therefore does not prove that Rab had retracted his view. V. Rashi.');">²</span>

הדר ביה רב לגבי דשמואל

Why did he need to strangle them?

דההוא שרקפא דספק דרוסות דאתא לקמיה דרב שדרינהו לקמיה דשמואל חנקינהו ושדנהו בנהרא

He could have thrown them alive into the river? - They would then fly away.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And might then be caught and sold to Jews as permitted birds.');">³</span>

ואי ס"ד לא הדר ביה לישרינהו

And why did he not keep them alive for twelve months?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In accordance with the principle, laid down infra 58a, if these birds live through this period it is a certain indication that they are not trefah.');">⁴</span>

אלא מאי הדר ביה

- One might fall into sin on account of them.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For in the course of this period it might be forgotten that these birds were being kept under a test, and they might be taken and slaughtered.');">⁵</span>

ליסרינהו

And why did he not sell them to gentiles? - They might re-sell them to Israelites.

אלא אתריה דשמואל הוה

And why did he not strangle them and throw them on to the dung heap?

למה לי למיחנקינהו

Then you might just as well ask: Why did he not throw them to the dogs?

לישדינהו הכי בנהרא

[The answer] rather [is that] he wanted to make known to all this prohibition.

מפרחן וסלקן

A duck belonging to R'Ashi went among the reeds and emerged with its neck smeared with blood.

ולשהינהו שנים עשר חודש

Said R'Ashi: We hold, do we not, that wherever there is a doubt whether the animal was clawed by a dog or by a cat it may be assumed that it was clawed by a dog?

אתי בהו לידי תקלה

Here, too, there being a doubt whether it was injured by a reed or clawed by a cat, it may be assumed that it was injured by a reed.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that the examination is limited to the organs of the throat and need not be carried out in the region of the intestines (v. infra) . For a fuller explanation of the practical result that arises from this view v. R. Nissim a.l.');">⁶</span>

וליזבנינהו לעובדי כוכבים

The sons of R'Hiyya said: The examination of which the Rabbis have spoken in the case of 'clawing',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where there was a doubt about an animal whether it had been clawed or not (or, according to Tosaf., even if it was certain that the animal was clawed) , it must be examined for any red spots, for these indicate the presence of poison injected into the flesh by the claw.');">⁷</span>

אתו לזבנינהו לישראל

must be carried out in the region of the intestines.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the back, the flanks and the abdominal region.');">⁸</span>

וליחנקינהו ולישדינהו לאשפה

R'Joseph said: This statement of the sons of R'Hiyya was made long ago by Samuel, for Samuel said in the name of R'Hanina B'Antigonos.

וליטעמיך נישדינהו לכלבים

The examination of which [the Rabbis] have spoken in the case of clawing, must be carried out in the region of the intestines.

אלא לפרסומי מלתא דאיסורא

Ilfa raised the question: Are the organs of the throat affected by clawing or not? - R'Zera said.

ההוא בר אווזא דהוה בי רב אשי על לביני קניא נפק אתא כי ממסמס קועיה דמא

The question raised by Ilfa was answered long ago by R'Hanan B'Raba, for R'Hanan B'Raba said in the name of Rab, The examination of which the Rabbis have spoken in the case of clawing, must be carried out over all the internal organs, including even the organs of the throat.

אמר רב אשי לא אמרינן

Ilfa raised the question: How much of the organs of the throat must be torn loose [in order to render the animal trefah]? - R'Zera said: The question raised by Ilfa was answered long ago by Rabbah B'Bar Hana, for Rabbah B'Bar Hana said in the name of Samuel, If the greater part [of the circumference] of the organs of the throat was torn loose [from its connection on top], the animal is trefah.

ספק כלבא ספק שונרא אימר כלבא

R'Ammi asked: What is the law if decay set in [as a result of clawing]? - R'Zera said: The question raised by R'Ammi was answered long ago by Rab Judah, for Rab Judah said in the name of Rab, In the case of clawing [the animal is not trefah] unless the flesh in the region of the intestines became red.

ה"נ ספק קניא ספק שונרא אימר קניא מחייה

If the flesh decayed it is to be regarded as though it were gone entirely.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And where the absence of the flesh would render the animal trefah, so also would the decaying of the flesh (Rashi) . According to Maim. Yad, Shechitah V, 9, it means here that the decay of any flesh as the result of clawing is always regarded as trefah.');">⁹</span>

אמרי בני רבי חייא

What is meant by 'decayed'? - R'Huna the son of R'Joshua said: It is all such flesh as is scraped away by the surgeon in order to leave only healthy flesh.

דרוסה שאמרו צריכה בדיקה כנגד בני מעיים

R'Ashi said: When we were at the school of R'Kahana there was brought before us a lung which when laid down lay firm, but when lifted up decomposed and fell to pieces, and we declared it to be trefah, in accordance with the view of R'Huna the son of R'Joshua.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who laid down the principle that any organ which has decayed or decomposed must be regarded as missing. Here, therefore, it is regarded as though the lung was missing and the animal is trefah.');">¹⁰</span>

אמר רב יוסף הא דבני ר' חייא כבר פירשה שמואל דאמר שמואל משום ר' חנינא בן אנטיגנוס

R'Nahman said: In the case of a thorn [the animal is not trefah] unless it penetrated into the [abdominal] cavity;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If, however, the thorn penetrated into the abdominal cavity the animal is trefah, and no examination of the internal organs will be of avail; for a perforation of the intestines would not be noticeable even on examination.');">¹¹</span>

דרוסה שאמרו צריכה בדיקה כנגד בני מעיים

in the case of clawing, unless the flesh in the region of the intestines became red.

בעי אילפא

R'Zebid reported thus: In the case of clawing, [the animal is not trefah] unless the flesh in the region of the intestines became red; and if [clawed in the region of] the organs of the throat, unless the organs themselves became red.

יש דרוסה לסימנים או אין דרוסה לסימנים

R'Papi reported that R'Bibi B'Abaye raised this question:

א"ר זירא

הא דבעי אילפא כבר פירשה רב חנן בר רבא דאמר רב חנן בר רבא אמר רב

דרוסה שאמרו צריכה בדיקה כנגד בית החלל כולו ואפילו בסימנין

בעי אילפא

סימנין שנדלדלו בכמה

אמר רבי זירא

הא דבעי אילפא כבר פירשה רבה בר בר חנה דאמר רבה בר בר חנה אמר שמואל

סימנים שנדלדלו ברובן

בעי רב אמי

המסמסה מהו

א"ר זירא

הא דבעי רב אמי כבר פירשה רב יהודה דאמר רב יהודה אמר רב

בדרוסה עד שיאדים בשר כנגד בני מעיים נתמסמס הבשר רואין אותו כאילו אינו

ה"ד נתמסמס

אמר רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע

כל שהרופא גורדו ומעמידו על בשר חי

אמר רב אשי

כי הוינן בי רב כהנא אייתו קמן ההיא ריאה דכי הוו מיתבי לה יתבה שפיר וכי הוו מדלו לה הוה (תלחה ונפלה תילחי תילחי) וטריפנא לה מדרב הונא בריה דרב יהושע

רב נחמן אמר

בקוץ עד שתינקב לחלל בדרוסה משיאדים בשר כנגד בני מעיים

רב זביד מתני הכי

בדרוסה משיאדים בשר כנגד בני מעיים בסימנים עד שיאדימו סימנים עצמם

אמר רב פפי בעי רב ביבי בר אביי