Chullin 157

Chapter 157

א ולחנניה כתיב אותו דמשמע זכר וכתיב בנו מי שבנו כרוך אחריו דמשמע נקבה הלכך נוהג בין בזכרים בין בנקבות

1 According to Hananiah, however, [the implication of the verse is this]: It says: 'it', which indicates the male parent, and it also says: 'its young', which relates to that parent to whom the young clings; hence it is clear that the law applies both to the male and female parent.

ב אמר רב הונא בר חייא אמר שמואל

2 R'Huna B'Hiyya said in the name of Samuel: The halachah1

ג הלכתא כחנניה

3 is in accordance with Hananiah's view.

ד ואזדא שמואל לטעמיה

4 Moreover, Samuel is consistent in his opinion.

ה דתנן ר' יהודה אומר

5 For we have learnt: R'Judah says.

ו הנולדים מן הסוס אע"פ שאביהן חמור מותרין זה בזה אבל הנולדין מן החמור עם הנולדין מן הסוס אסורין

6 The offspring of a mare, even though their sire was an ass, are permitted [to interbreed];2

ז ואמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל

7 but the offspring of a she-ass may not [interbreed] with the offspring of a mare.

ח זו דברי ר' יהודה דאמר

8 But Rab Judah had stated in the name of Samuel that this was the view of R'Judah only.

ט אין חוששין לזרע האב אבל חכמים אומרים

9 who maintained that we do not take into consideration the seed of the male parent,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., it is the female parent only which determines the species of the offspring, irrespective of the species of the sire; therefore, the offspring of a mare may not interbreed with the offspring of a she-ass. For the prohibition, cf. Lev. XIX. 19.');">3

י כל מיני פרדות אחת הן

10 the Sages however say.

יא מאן חכמים חנניה הוא דאמר

11 All mules are one kind.

יב חוששין לזרע האב והאי בר סוסיא וחמרא והאי בר חמרא וסוסיא כולהו חדא מינא נינהו

12 Who is meant by the 'Sages'?

יג איבעיא להו

13 It is Hananiah, who maintains that we must take into consideration the seed of the male parent; accordingly the one is the offspring of a mare and an ass-stallion and the other is the offspring of a she-ass and a horse, but they are both one kind.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since each is the offspring of a horse and an ass, whether the one is a mule and the other a hinny, they may interbreed. The fact that Samuel gives this view of Hananiah as that of the Sages proves that he accepts it as the halachah. hrp srp');">4

יד (מי פשיט) ליה לר' יהודה דאין חוששין לזרע האב או דלמא ספוקי מספקא ליה

14 The question was raised: Was R'Judah certain that we do not take into consideration the seed of the male parent or was he in doubt about it?

טו למאי נפקא מינה למישרא פרי עם האם

15 What practical difference would this make? - On the question of permitting the offspring5

טז אי אמרת

16 to breed with the [species of the] dam.

יז מיפשט פשיטא ליה פרי עם האם שרי

17 If you say that he [R'Judah] was certain of it, then the offspring is permitted to breed with the [species of the] dam; but if you say that he was in doubt about it, then it is forbidden for the offspring to breed with the [species of the] dam.6

יח (אלא אי) אמרת

18 What [is to be said about this]? - Come and hear.

יט ספוקי מספקא ליה פרי עם האם אסור

19 R'Judah says.

כ מאי

20 All the offspring of a mare, even though their sire was an ass, are permitted to interbreed.

כא ת"ש ר' יהודה אומר

21 Now what are the circumstances of the case?

כב כל הנולדים מן הסוס אע"פ שאביהן חמור מותרין זה בזה

22 If you say that the sire of this offspring was an ass-stallion and of that also an ass-stallion; then was it necessary to state this?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since the offspring are alike, in that each is half horse on the maternal side and half ass on the paternal side, they may certainly interbreed, whether we take into consideration the seed of the male parent or not.');">7

כג היכי דמי

23 You must therefore say that the sire of this offspring was a horse and of that an ass-stallion,8

כד אילימא דאבוה דהאי חמור ואבוה דהאי חמור צריכא למימר

24 and [R'Judah] declares that they may interbreed, hence is it clear that he [R'Judah] was certain about it!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That we do not take into consideration the seed of the male parent; that is to say, it is only the female parent that determines the species of the offspring, and the species of the sire is immaterial.');">9

כה אלא לאו דאבוה דהאי סוס ואבוה דהאי חמור

25 - It is not so.

כו וקתני

26 I still sa that the sire of this offspring was an ass-stallion and of that also an ass-stallion, and as to your retort, 'Wa necessary to state this? ' [I reply that] you might have argued that the horse in the one copulates with the ass in the other, and the ass in the one copulates with the horse in the other;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since each offspring is half horse and half ass, it might be argued that in copulation the half horse in the one unites with the half ass in the other, and vice versa, hence there is breeding of diverse kinds which would be forbidden.');">10

כז מותרים זה עם זה אלמא

27 he therefore teaches us [that it i not so].

כח מיפשט פשיטא ליה

28 Come and hear: R'Judah says: If a mule was on heat it may not be mated with a horse or an ass, but only with one of its own kind.

כט לא לעולם דאבוה דהאי חמור ואבוה דהאי חמור

29 Now if you say that [R'Judah] was certain about it, why may it not be mated with the species of its dam? - Because we know not the species of its dam.

ל ודקאמרת

30 But it says 'Only with one of its own kind'!11

לא צריכא למימר

31 - It means this: It may not be mated with any kind of horse12

לב מהו דתימא

32 or any kind of ass, because we do not know its true species.13

לג אתי צד דסוס משתמש בצד חמור וצד חמור משתמש בצד סוס קמ"ל

33 Then let us examine it by the following signs?

לד ת"ש ר' יהודה אומר

34 For Abaye has stated: If its voice is harsh, it is the offspring of a she-ass; if its voice is shrill, it is the offspring of a mare.

לה פרדה שתבעה אין מרביעין עליה לא סוס ולא חמור אלא מינה

35 And R'Papa has If its ears are long and its tail short, it is the offspring of a she-ass; if its ears are short and its tail lo offspring of a mare! - We must suppose here that it was dumb and mutilated.14

לו ואי אמרת

36 What has been decided then? - Come and hear: R'Huna the son of R'Joshua said: All agree that the offspring is forbidden to breed with the dam.

לז מפשט פשיטא ליה לרבע עלה מינא דאמה

37 Hence it is clear that [R'Judah] was in doubt about it.

לח דלא ידעינן מינא דאמה מאי ניהו

38 This proves it.

לט והא אלא מינה קתני

39 R'Abba said to his servant, 'When you harness the mules to my carriage see that they are very like each other15

מ הכי קאמר

40 and then harness them'.

מא אין מרביעין עליה לא מין סוס ולא מין חמור לפי שאין יודעין במינה

41 This shows that he is of the opinion that we do not take into consideration the seed of the male parent;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For if we did take into account the seed of the male he would not have been so meticulous about the mules that were to be harnessed since each is part horse and part ass.');">16

מב וליבדוק בסימנין דאמר אביי

מג עבי קליה בר חמרא צניף קליה בר סוסיא

מד ואמר רב פפא

מה רברבן אודניה וזוטרא גנובתיה בר חמרא זוטרן אודניה ורבה גנובתיה בר סוסיא

מו הכא במאי עסקינן באלמת וגידמת

מז מאי הוי עלה

מח ת"ש דאמר רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע

מט הכל מודין בפרי עם האם שאסור

נ שמע מינה ספוקי מספקא ליה ש"מ

נא אמר ליה ר' אבא לשמעיה

נב אי מעיילת לי כודנייתא בריספק עיין להנך דדמיין להדדי ועייל לי

נג אלמא קסבר

נד אין חוששין לזרע האב

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