Chullin 16

בחדשה

- It was a new [knife].

חדשה בין לר' ישמעאל בין לר' עקיבא משמשי עבודת כוכבים הן ומשמשי עבודת כוכבים אינן אסורין עד שיעבדו

If new, [it should not be prohibited at all, since] it is merely an appurtenance for th worship of idols, and appurtenances of idols, both according to R'Ishmael and R'Akiba,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. A.Z. 51b. These Rabbis differ in the case of a newly made idol as to whether it is prohibited immediately or only after it has been worshipped; but in the case of appurtenances of idols they agree that these are not prohibited until actually used in worship.');">¹</span>

איבעית אימא

are not forbidden till actually used in idol worship.

דפסק ביה גווזא לעבודת כוכבים ואיבעית אימא

- If you wish I can answer: It was used for cutting up wood for the idol;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Therefore there is here no question of any forbidden fat.');">²</span>

בישנה שליבנה באור

or if you wish I can answer: It was an old knife which was cleansed in the fire.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The knife was thus cleansed and all the forbidden fat removed from it.');">³</span>

אתמר

It was stated: If a man slaughtered with the knife of a Gentile, Rab says.

השוחט בסכין של עובדי כוכבים רב אמר

He must pare (the flesh];<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., he must cut away from the parts of the throat which came into contact with this knife a thin layer of flesh because of the fat of forbidden foods that was absorbed in the knife and was now transmitted to the flesh.');">⁴</span>

קולף ורבה בר בר חנה אמר

Rabbah B'Bar Hana<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' MS.M: Samuel.');">⁵</span>

מדיח

says: He need only rinse it.

לימא בהא קמיפלגי דמר סבר

Shall we say that their difference lies in this: One holds the view that the throat is cold.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit.. 'the place of slaughtering', I.e., the throat at the time of slaughtering is not sufficiently hot to absorb much from the knife and, therefore, Rabbah b. Bar Hana maintains that rinsing of the flesh in water is sufficient.');">⁶</span>

בית השחיטה צונן ומר סבר

while the other holds the view that it is hot?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rab's view. Therefore the flesh of the throat must be pared.');">⁷</span>

בית השחיטה רותח

No.

לא דכ"ע בית השחיטה רותח הוא

All hold the view that the throat is hot; therefore, he who says: 'he must pare it', is clearly understood, but he who says that he need only rinse it [argues thus]: while the organs [of the throat] keep on spurting out blood they will not absorb [any fat from the knife].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Nevertheless, it is necessary to wash the flesh because of the forbidden fat that may have been on the surface of the knife.');">⁸</span>

מאן דאמר קולף שפיר ומאן דאמר מדיח איידי דטרידי סימנין לאפוקי דם לא בלעי

Some there are who state as follows: All hold the view that the throat is cold; therefore, he who says: 'he need only rinse it'.

איכא דאמרי

is clearly understood, but he who says that he must pare it [argues thus]: by reason of the pressure of the knife [the flesh] must absorb [to some extent].

דכ"ע בית השחיטה צונן מאן דאמר מדיח שפיר מאן דאמר קולף אגב דוחקא דסכינא בלע

A knife which was used for slaughtering an animal found to be trefah,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');">⁹</span>

סכין טריפה פליגי בה רב אחא ורבינא חד אמר

is the subject of a dispute between R'Aha and Rabina.

בחמין וחד אמר

One says, [It must be cleansed] with hot water;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Before slaughtering another animal with it.');">¹⁰</span>

בצונן

the other says.

והלכתא

[It may be cleansed even] with cold water.

אפילו בצונן ואי איכא בליתא דפרסא למיכפריה לא צריך

The law is: Even with cold water.

ולמאן דאמר בחמין מ"ט משום דקא בלעה איסורא

And if there is at hand a piece of cloth<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'a shred of a curtain'.');">¹¹</span>

דהיתירא נמי בלעה אבר מן החי

wherewith to wipe [the knife], nothing more is required.

אימת בלעה לכי חיימא אימת קא חיימא לכי גמרה שחיטה ההיא שעתא היתירא הוה:

Now what is the reason of the one who says that it must be cleansed with hot water?

אמר רב יהודה אמר רב

It is [is it not] because it absorbed forbidden fat?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the fat of the trefah animal that had been slaughtered previously.');">¹²</span>

הטבח צריך שלשה סכינין

If so, even after slaughtering an animal which is permitted to be eaten it should also require [cleansing with hot water] because it absorbed [the fat] of the limbs of a living animal?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The fat, as well as the flesh, of a living animal is forbidden, and therefore in the duration of the slaughtering before the requisite amount has been cut, the knife will have absorbed forbidden fat.');">¹³</span>

אחת ששוחט בה ואחד שמחתך בה בשר ואחד שמחתך בה חלבים

- [It is not so;] for [the knife] absorbs [the fat] only when [the throat] is hot, becomes hot only at the end of the slaughtering when the animal is ritually permitted.

וליתקן ליה חדא וליחתוך בה בשר והדר ליחתוך בה חלבים

Rab Judah said in the name of Rab: A butcher requires three separate knives, one for slaughtering, one for cutting meat, and one for cutting away the [forbidden] fat.

גזירה שמא יחתוך חלבים ואחר כך בשר

But why should he not use the same knife first for cutting meat and then for cutting fat? - It is forbidden to do so lest he cut with it the fat first and then the meat.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Without first removing the fat from the knife. 'Fat' throughout the whole of this passage means forbidden fat.');">¹⁴</span>

השתא נמי מיחלף ליה

Well, even now, he might get them mixed! - No; since he must have two separate knives he will make a distinguishing mark on each.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As regards the third knife, the knife for slaughtering, there is no fear that he will use it for any other purpose because of the danger of damaging or notching it.');">¹⁵</span>

כיון דאצרכינהו תרי אית ליה היכרא

Again Rab Judah said in the name of Rab: A butcher requires two separate pails of water, one in which he washes the meat and one in which he washes the fat.

וא"ר יהודה אמר רב

But why should he not use the same pail for washing in it first the meat and then the fat? - It is forbidden to do so lest he wash in it the fat first and then the meat.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The danger is that particles of the fat will remain in the water and will adhere to any meat washed in the same water.');">¹⁶</span>

הטבח צריך שני כלים של מים אחד שמדיח בו בשר ואחד שמדיח בו חלבים

Well even now, he might get them mixed! - No; since he must have two separate pails he will make a distinguishing mark on each.

וניתקן ליה חדא ונדיח בו בשר והדר נדיח בו חלבים

Amemar said in the name of R'Papa: One should not place the loins on top of other meat for fear that the fat [attached to the loins] will run and will be absorbed by the meat.

גזירה שמא ידיח חלבים ואח"כ בשר

If so, why not apprehend the same even when the loins lie in their natural position, namely, that the fat [upon the loins] will run and will be absorbed by the flesh [of the loins]? - There is a membrane underneath [the fat of the loins] which separates it [from the flesh of the loins].

השתא נמי מיחלפי ליה

But then,

כיון דאצרכיניה תרתי אית ליה היכרא

אמר אמימר משמיה דרב פפא

לא ליסחוף איניש כפלי עילוי בישרא דדאיב תרבא ובלע בישרא

אי הכי כי תריצי נמי דאיב תרבא ובלע בשרא

קרמא מפסיק מתתאי

אי הכי