Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Chullin 183

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1

ברוך אופנים הוא דאמרי ליה

- 'Blessed' is recited by the Ophanim.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Not by the ministering angels but by the Ophanim, a higher rank of angels forming part of the Throne of Glory; cf. Ezek. I.');"><sup>1</sup></span>

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2

ואיבעית אימא

Or you may say: Since permission has once been granted it is granted.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., once they have mentioned the name of God after three words they may thereafter mention it as often as it occurs, even when it occurs after two words or even after one word.');"><sup>2</sup></span>

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3

כיון דאתיהיב רשותא אתיהיב

Yea, he strove with an angel, and prevailed; he wept, and made supplication unto him.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hosea XII, 5.');"><sup>3</sup></span>

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4

(הושע יב, ה) וישר אל מלאך ויוכל בכה ויתחנן לו איני יודע מי נעשה שר למי כשהוא אומר

I know not, who prevailed over whom.

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5

(בראשית לב, כט) כי שרית עם אלהים הוי אומר

But when it says.

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6

יעקב נעשה שר למלאך

For thou hast striven with God and with men and hast prevailed,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Gen. XXXII, 29.');"><sup>4</sup></span>

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7

בכה ויתחנן לו איני יודע מי בכה למי כשהוא אומר

I know that Jacob became master over the angel.

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8

ויאמר שלחני הוי אומר

He wept and made supplication unto him!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hosea XII, 5.');"><sup>5</sup></span>

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9

מלאך בכה ליעקב

I know not who wept unto whom.

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10

כי שרית [עם אלהים ועם אנשים] אמר רבה

But when it says: And he said: Let me go,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Gen. XXXII, 27.');"><sup>6</sup></span>

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11

רמז רמז לו שעתידים שני שרים לצאת ממנו ראש גולה שבבבל ונשיא שבארץ ישראל מכאן רמז לו גלות

I know that the angel wept unto Jacob.'

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12

(בראשית מ, י) ובגפן שלשה שריגים אמר רב

For thou hast striven with God and with men': Said Rabbah: He intimated to him that two princes were destined to come from him: the Exilarch in Babylon and the Prince in the Land of Israel;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The heads of Jewry in Babylon and Palestine, the latter being designated as 'Gods' for they were ordained as judges and leaders, the former as men.');"><sup>7</sup></span>

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13

חייא בר אבא אמר רב אלו ג' שרי גאים היוצאים מישראל בכל דור ודור פעמים ששנים כאן ואחד בארץ ישראל פעמים ששנים בארץ ישראל ואחד כאן

this was also an intimation to him of the exile.

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14

יהיבו רבנן עינייהו ברבנא עוקבא ורבנא נחמיה בני ברתיה דרב

And in the vine were three branches.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. XL, 10.');"><sup>8</sup></span>

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15

רבא אמר

R'Hiyya B'Abba said in the name of Rab: These are the three men of excellence that come forth in Israel in every generation; sometimes two are here [in Babylon] and one is in the land of Israel, and sometimes two are in the land of Israel and one is here.

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16

אלו שלשה שרי גוים שמלמדים זכות על ישראל בכל דור ודור

And the Rabbis set their eyes upon Rabbana 'Ukba and Rabbana Nehemiah, the sons of Rab's daughter.

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17

תניא רבי אליעזר אומר

Raba said: These are the three princes<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Angels (Rashi) .');"><sup>9</sup></span>

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18

גפן זה העולם שלשה שריגים זה אברהם יצחק ויעקב והיא כפורחת עלתה נצה אלו האמהות הבשילו אשכלותיה ענבים אלו השבטים

of the nations who plead in Israel's favour in every generation.

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19

אמר לו רבי יהושע

It was taught: R'Eliezer says: The 'vine' is the world, the 'three branches' are [the patriarchs] Abraham, Isaac and Jacob; 'and as it was budding its blossoms shot forth',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Gen XL, 10.');"><sup>10</sup></span>

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20

וכי מראין לו לאדם מה שהיה

these are the matriarchs; 'ad the clusters thereof brought forth ripe grapes',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Gen XL, 10.');"><sup>10</sup></span>

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21

והלא אין מראין לו לאדם אלא מה שעתיד להיות

these are the tribes.

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22

אלא

Thereupon R'Joshua said to him: Is a man shown [in a dream] what has happened?

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23

גפן זה תורה שלשה שריגים אלו משה ואהרן ומרים והיא כפורחת עלתה נצה אלו סנהדרין הבשילו אשכלותיה ענבים אלו הצדיקים שבכל דור ודור

Surely he is only shown what is to happen! Therefore, I say: The 'vine' is the Torah, the 'three branches' are Moses, Aaron and Miriam; 'and as it was budding its blossoms shot forth', these are [the members of] the Sanhedrin;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The supreme council of Israel.');"><sup>11</sup></span>

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24

אמר ר"ג

'and the clusters thereof brought forth ripe grapes', are the righteous people of every generation.

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25

עדיין צריכין אנו למודעי דמוקים ליה כוליה בחד מקום

R'Gamaliel said: We still stand in need of the Modiite, for he explains the verse as referring to one place.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., to the various institutions in Jerusalem.');"><sup>12</sup></span>

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26

רבי אלעזר המודעי אומר

For R'Eleazar the Modiite<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of Modiim, near Jerusalem, the ancient home of the Maccabean family.');"><sup>13</sup></span>

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27

גפן זה ירושלים שלשה שריגים זה מקדש מלך וכהן גדול והיא כפורחת עלתה נצה אלו פרחי כהונה הבשילו אשכלותיה ענבים אלו נסכים

says.

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28

רבי יהושע בן לוי מוקים לה במתנות דאמר ר' יהושע בן לוי

The 'vine' is Jerusalem, the 'three branches' are the Temple, the King and the High priest; 'and as it was budding its blossoms shot forth', these are the young priests; 'and the clusters thereof brought forth ripe grapes', these are the drink-offerings.

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29

גפן זו תורה שלשה שריגים זה באר עמוד ענן ומן והיא כפורחת עלתה נצה אלו הבכורים הבשילו אשכלותיה ענבים אלו נסכים

R'Joshua B'Levi interprets it in regard to the gifts [bestowed by God upon Israel].

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30

רבי ירמיה בר אבא אמר

For R'Joshua B'Levi said: The 'vine' is the Torah, the 'three branches' are the well, the pillar of smoke, and the manna;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' These gifts of water (cf. Num. XXI, 16ff) , protection by clouds, and food were bestowed by God upon Israel during their wanderings in the wilderness because of the merits of Miriam, Aaron and Moses respectively.');"><sup>14</sup></span>

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31

גפן אלו ישראל וכן הוא אומר (תהלים פ, ט) גפן ממצרים תסיע שלשה שריגים אלו שלשה רגלים שישראל עולין בהן בכל שנה ושנה והיא כפורחת עלתה נצה הגיע זמנן של ישראל לפרות ולרבות וכן הוא אומר (שמות א, ז) ובני ישראל פרו וישרצו עלתה נצה הגיע זמנן של ישראל ליגאל וכן הוא אומר (ישעיהו סג, ג) ויז נצחם על בגדי וכל מלבושי אגאלתי הבשילו אשכלותיה ענבים הגיע זמנה של מצרים לשתות כוס התרעלה

'and as it was budding its blossom,s shot forth', these are the first fruits;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The reference is to the gift of a fertile land which yielded abundant fruits from which the first ripe fruits were offered.');"><sup>15</sup></span>

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32

והיינו דאמר רבא

'and the clusters thereof brought forth ripe grapes', these are the drink-offerings.

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33

שלשה כוסות האמורות במצרים למה

R'Jeremiah B'Abba said: The 'vine' is Israel, for so it is written: Thou didst pluck up a vine out of Egypt.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ps. LXXX, 9.');"><sup>16</sup></span>

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34

אחד ששתה בימי משה ואחד ששתה בימי פרעה נכה ואחד שעתידה לשתות עם כל העובדי כוכבים

The 'three branches' are the three Festivals on which Israel go up [to the Temple] every year.'

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35

אמר ליה רבי אבא לרבי ירמיה בר אבא

And as it was budding': the time Is come for Israel to be fruitful and to multiply, for so it is written: And the children of Israel were fruitful, and increased abundantly.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ex. I, 7. vmb ojmb');"><sup>17</sup></span>

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36

כי דריש להו רב להני קראי באגדתא כוותך דריש להו

'Its blossoms shot forth': the time is come for Israel to be redeemed.

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37

אמר רבי שמעון בן לקיש

for so it is written: And their lifeblood is dashed against My garments, and I have stained all My raiment.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Isa. LXIII, 3. The word , 'its blossom' is interpreted as , 'their strength, lifeblood'.');"><sup>18</sup></span>

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38

אומה זו כגפן נמשלה זמורות שבה אלו בעלי בתים אשכולות שבה אלו תלמידי חכמים עלין שבה אלו עמי הארץ קנוקנות שבה אלו ריקנים שבישראל

'And the clusters thereof brought forth ripe grapes': the time is come for Egypt to drink the cup of staggering.

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39

והיינו דשלחו מתם

And this is in accordance with what Raba had said: Why are three cups mentioned in connection with Egypt?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The word cup occurs three times in the one verse: Gen. XL, 11. For the cup as a symbol of calamity, cf. Isa. LI, 17: The cup of staggering.');"><sup>19</sup></span>

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40

ליבעי רחמים איתכליא על עליא דאילמלא עליא לא מתקיימין איתכליא

One [refers to the cup] which she drank in the days of Moses; the other to that which she drank in the days of Pharaoh-Necho;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When Egypt was defeated by the Babylonians, cf. Jer. XLVI, 2, 13.');"><sup>20</sup></span>

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41

(יהושע ג, ב) ואכרה לי בחמשה עשר כסף א"ר יוחנן משום ר' שמעון בן יהוצדק

and the third to that which she is destined to drink together with all the nations.

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42

אין כירה אלא לשון מכירה שנאמר (בראשית נ, ה) בקברי אשר כריתי לי בחמשה עשר זה ט"ו בניסן שבו נגאלו ישראל ממצרים כסף אלו צדיקים וכן הוא אומר (משלי ז, כ) צרור הכסף לקח בידו חומר שעורים ולתך שעורים אלו מ"ה צדיקים שהעולם מתקיים בהם ואיני יודע אם שלשים כאן וט"ו בארץ ישראל ואם שלשים בארץ ישראל וט"ו כאן כשהוא אומר (זכריה יא, יג) ואקחה שלשים הכסף ואשליך אותו בית ה' אל היוצר הוי אומר שלשים בארץ ישראל וט"ו כאן

R'Abba said to R'Jeremiah B'Abba: When Rab expounded [this verse] in an Aggadic lecture he expounded it as you have done.

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43

אמר אביי

R'Simeon B'Lakish said: This people [Israel] is like unto a vine: its branches are the aristocracy, its clusters the scholars, its leaves the common people, its twigs those in Israel that are void of learning.

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44

ורובייהו משתכחי בבי כנישתא דתותי אפתא

This i what was meant when word was sent from there [Palestine].'

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45

והיינו דכתיב (זכריה יא, יב) ואומר אליהם אם טוב בעיניכם הבו שכרי ואם לא חדלו וישקלו את שכרי שלשים כסף

Let the clusters pray for the leaves, for were it not for the leaves the clusters could not exist'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Every class is essential to the well-being of the community. vrftu vrf');"><sup>21</sup></span>

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46

רבי יהודה אומר

So I bought her [wa-ekreha] to me for fifteen pieces of silver [and a homer of barley, and a half-homer of barley].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hos. III. 2. The entire verse is here homiletically expounded, phrase by phrase. from the root , to buy. vrhf');"><sup>22</sup></span>

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47

אלו שלשים צדיקי אומות העולם שאומות העולם מתקיימים עליהם עולא אמר

Said R'Johanan in the name of R'Simeon B'Jehozadak: The word 'Kirah'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' the noun formed from the above root.');"><sup>23</sup></span>

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48

אלו שלשים מצות שקבלו עליהם בני נח ואין מקיימין אלא שלשה

must mean 'buying',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'selling, sale'; here it means a transaction by buying and selling. h,hrf vrf');"><sup>24</sup></span>

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49

אחת

for so it is written: In my grave which I bought [karithi] for me.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Gen. L, 5: also from the root .');"><sup>25</sup></span> 'For fifteen': that is the fifteenth day o Nisan when Israel was redeemed out of Egypt.' Pieces of silver': these are the righteous, for so it is written: He has taken the bag of silver with him.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Prov. VII, 20. V. Sanh. ');"><sup>26</sup></span> 'And a homer of barley and a half-homer of barley:'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A homer (in Talmud Kor) consisted of thirty se'ah; so that the verse speaks of thirty units (se'ah) plus fifteen units.');"><sup>27</sup></span> these are the forty-five righteous men on account of whom the world continues to exist. But I know not whether thirty of them are here [in Babylon] and fifteen in the land of Israel, or thirty in the land of Israel and fifteen here [ Babylon]; but when the verse says. And I took the thirty pieces of silver and cast them into the treasury, in the house of the Lord,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Zech. XI, 13. Thus the thirty righteous are always to be found in the house of the Lord, sc. Palestine.');"><sup>28</sup></span> I know that thirty [righteous men] are in the land of Israel and fifteen here. Said Abaye: Most of them are to be found in the synagogue under the side chamber.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., most of the righteous men in Palestine. The reference is unknown.');"><sup>29</sup></span> And I said to them: If ye think good, give me my hire; and if not, forbear. So they weighed out for my hire thirty pieces of silver.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. 12.');"><sup>30</sup></span> Said Rab Judah: These are the thirty righteous men among the nations of the world<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [MS.M. omits 'among the nations of the world'.]');"><sup>31</sup></span> by whose virtue the nations of the world continue to exist. Ulla said: These are the thirty commandments<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [These are comprised in the seven Noahide precepts. For reference v. Ronsberg Glosses.]');"><sup>32</sup></span> which the sons of Noah took upon themselves but they observe three of them, namely,

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