Chullin 264

אמר רב אושעיא

- R'Oshaia said: This [firstling] had already been received by the priest but when it suffered a blemish he sold it to an Israelite.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that the priest's claim is only in respect of the dues.');">¹</span>

בבא לידי כהן ומכרו לישראל במומו:

IF A MAN SLAUGHTERED AN ANIMAL FOR A PRIEST OR A GENTILE HE IS EXEMPT FROM THE DUES.

השוחט לכהן ולעובד כוכבים פטור מן המתנות:

Why does not the Mishnah teach simply.'

וליתני

Priests and gentiles are exempt from giving the dues'?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since these are not included within the term 'the people'; Deut. XVIII, 3.');">²</span>

כהן ועובד כוכבים פטורין מן המתנות

- Raba said: This proves that the claim is made against the slaughterer.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the slaughterer can meet the claim by proving that the animal belongs to a priest or a gentile.');">³</span>

אמר רבא זאת אומרת

Raba stated in his discourse, Scripture says: From the people,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deut. XVIII, 3.');">⁴</span>

הדין עם הטבח

but not from the priests; but when it further says.

דרש רבא

From them that slaughter a slaughtering,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deut. XVIII, 3.');">⁴</span>

(דברים יח, ג) מאת העם ולא מאת הכהנים כשהוא אומר (דברים יח, ג) מאת זובחי הזבח הוי

I say, this includes even a slaughterer who is a priest.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., a priest who has opened up a trade as a butcher must give the dues to another priest. What he slaughters for his own use, however, is exempt from the dues.');">⁵</span>

אומר אפילו טבח כהן במשמע

R'Tabla's host was a priest and in sore need.

אושפיזיכניה דר' טבלא כהן הוה והוה דחיק ליה מלתא

When he came to R'Tabla the latter said to him, 'Go and take a share [in the animals] of the Israelite butchers, for since they will thereby be exempt from giving the dues<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In accordance with the rule in our MISHNAH:');">⁶</span>

אתא לקמיה דרבי טבלא אמר ליה

they will give you a share with them'.

זיל אישתתף בהדי טבחי ישראל דמגו דמפטרי ממתנתא משתתפי בהדך

R'Nahman, however, declared him<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc., the Israelite who granted this priest a share in his animals.');">⁷</span>

חייביה רב נחמן

liable to give the dues.

אמר ליה

Said he,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc., the Israelite who granted this priest a share in his animals.');">⁷</span>

והא רבי טבלא פטרן

'But R'Tabla has exempted me'.'

אמר ליה

Go at once', ordered [R'Nahman.] 'and give up the dues, or else I will put R'Tabla out of your mind'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'I will take R. Tabla out of your ear'; i.e., I shall place you under the ban and R. Tabla will not be able to help you in any way.');">⁸</span>

זיל אפיק ואי לא מפקינא לך ר' טבלא מאונך

Thereupon R'Tabla came before R'Nahman and said to him, 'Why has the Master done so? ' He replied.'

אזל ר' טבלא קמיה דרב נחמן א"ל

When R'Aha B'Hanina came from the schools in the South he reported that R'Joshua B'Levi and the elders of the South ruled that a priest who became a slaughterer was exempt from giving the dues for the first two or three weeks,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., for so long until he is established in the town as a butcher.');">⁹</span>

מ"ט עביד מר הכי

but thereafter he was liable to give the dues'.'

א"ל

Then', said the other, 'why does not the Master at least deal with him<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc., the Israelite who granted this priest a share in his animals.');">⁷</span>

דכי אתא ר' אחא בר חנינא מדרומא אמר ר' יהושע בן לוי זקני דרום אמרו

in accordance with R'Aha B'Hanina'?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And exempt the Israelite his partner from giving the dues for the first two or three weeks.');">¹⁰</span>

כהן טבח שתים ושלש שבתות פטור מן המתנות מכאן ואילך חייב במתנות

He replied.'

אמר ליה

That is the ruling only when he has not set up a butcher's stall; but here he has set up a stall'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And has at once established himself as a butcher.');">¹¹</span>

ולעביד ליה מר מיהת כר' אחא בר חנינא

R'Hisda said: A priest [a butcher] who does not give the dues [to another priest] is to be put under the ban of the Lord God of Israel.

א"ל

Rabbah son of R'Shila, said: The butchers of Huzal have been under the ban of R'Hisda for the last twenty-two years.

הני מילי דלא קבע מסחתא אבל הכא הא קבע מסחתא

Now what is the point of this?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of stating twenty-two years.');">¹²</span>

אמר רב חסדא

Does it mean to say that we do not continue the ban?

האי כהנא דלא מפריש מתנתא ליהוי בשמתא דאלהי ישראל

But it has been taught: This<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That with the execution of punishment the wrong is atoned for.');">¹³</span>

אמר רבה בר רב שילא

applies only to negative precepts, but in the case of positive precepts as, for instance, when a man is told, 'Make a sukkah',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The booth for the Feast of Tabernacles, cf. Lev. XXIII, 42.');">¹⁴</span>

הני טבחי דהוצל קיימי בשמתא דרב חסדא הא עשרים ותרתין שנין

and he does not make it, or 'Perform the commandment of the lulab'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The palm branch used in the ritual of the Feast of Tabernacles, cf. ibid. 40.');">¹⁵</span>

למאי הלכתא

and he does not perform it, he is flogged until his soul departs!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence we see that a person who is recalcitrant in the performance of a commandment (especially in the performance of a commandment which does not involve great outlay or expense-Rashi) is to be coerced by whatever means the Rabbis have in their power and they will not relax it until he does perform it. In the previous case therefore the ban would be continued unremittingly until the precept is performed.');">¹⁶</span>

אילימא דתו לא משמתינן להו והא תניא

- It means that we may penalize them [now] without warning;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., when a person has been under the ban for twenty-two years he may be punished further without any warning.');">¹⁷</span>

במה דברים אמורים במצות לא תעשה אבל במצות עשה כגון

as when Raba penalized a man [by taking away from him] a side of meat,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For refusing to give the priestly dues Raba once took away from the owner an whole side of meat and gave it to the priest.');">¹⁸</span>

אומרים לו עשה סוכה

and R'Nahman B'Isaac penalized a man [by taking away from him] his cloak.

ואינו עושה לולב

R'Hisda also said: The [entire] shoulder is to be given to one [priest], the maw to another, and the two cheeks to two [priests].

ואינו עושה עשה ציצית

But surely this is not so, for when R'Isaac B'Joseph came [from Palestine] he reported that in the West they even divide every bone [amongst a number of priests]! - That is only in the case of an ox.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that even when one portion, e.g., the shoulder, is cut up into several parts each priest would receive something substantial. kcy ukhtf');">¹⁹</span>

ואינו עושה מכין אותו עד שתצא נפשו

Rabbah B'Bar Hana said in the name of R'Johanan: It is forbidden to eat from an animal from which the priestly dues have not been taken.

אלא דקנסינן להו בלא אתרייתא

Rabbah B'Bar Hana also said in the name of R'Johanan: Whosoever eats from an animal from which the priestly dues have not been taken is as one who eats untithed produce.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' , for which the penalty is death at the hands of Heaven. V. Tosaf. s.v. .');">²⁰</span>

כי הא דרבא קניס אטמא רב נחמן בר יצחק קניס גלימא

- The law, however, is not in accordance with him.

ואמר רב חסדא

R'Hisda said: The priestly dues may be eaten only roasted and with mustard.

זרוע לאחד וקבה לאחד לחיים לשנים

What is the reason?

איני והא כי אתא רב יצחק בר יוסף אמר

Because Scripture says: For a consecrated portion,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XVIII, 8. ucrk');">²¹</span>

במערבא פלגינן להו גרמא גרמא

that is, as a mark of eminence,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So Targum Onkelos: 'as a distinction, as a mark of eminence'.');">²²</span>

התם בדתורא

[and must therefore be eaten] as kings take their food.

אמר רבה בר בר חנה א"ר יוחנן

R'Hisda also said: A priest who is not conversant with the twenty-four priestly endowments<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As to the manner in which they should be eaten, cf. prec. passage.');">²³</span>

אסור לאכול מבהמה שלא הורמה מתנותיה

should not be given any gifts at all.

אמר רבה בר בר חנה א"ר יוחנן

This however is not right; for it has been taught:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Men. 18b; Tosaf. Dem'ai II.');">²⁴</span>

כל האוכל מבהמה שלא הורמה מתנותיה כאילו אוכל טבלים

R'Simeon says.

ולית הלכתא כוותיה

A priest who does not believe in the [Temple] service<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As a divine institution.');">²⁵</span>

אמר רב חסדא

has no portion in the priesthood,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., is not entitled to any portion of sacrificial meat or to the priestly dues.');">²⁶</span>

מתנות כהונה אין נאכלות אלא צלי ואין נאכלות אלא בחרדל

for it is written: He among the sons of Aaron, that offereth the blood of the peace-offerings, and the fat, shall have the right thigh for a portion.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. VII, 33.');">²⁷</span>

מאי טעמא אמר קרא (במדבר יח, ח) למשחה לגדולה כדרך שהמלכים אוכלים

I only know it with regard to this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc., the rite of 'offering' or bringing forward the parts of the sacrifice to the altar.');">²⁸</span>

ואמר רב חסדא

service; whence do I know it with regard to the fifteen other services in the Temple, viz. , the rites of pouring,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Oil in the vessel of the meal-offering; cf. Men. 74b.');">²⁹</span>

עשרים וארבע מתנות כהונה כל כהן שאינו בקי בהן אין נותנין לו מתנה

mingling,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The meal with the oil; Men. ibid.');">³⁰</span>

ולאו מילתא היא דתניא רש"א

breaking into pieces,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The baked meal-offering; Lev. II, 6.');">³¹</span>

כל כהן שאינו מודה בעבודה אין לו חלק בכהונה שנאמר (ויקרא ז, לג) המקריב את דם השלמים ואת החלב מבני אהרן לו תהיה שוק הימין למנה אין לי אלא זה בלבד מנין לרבות חמש עשרה עבודות כגון

seasoning with salt,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. 13.');">³²</span>

היציקות והבלילות והפתיתות והמליחות תנופות והגשות [והקמיצות] הקטרות (והמציות) [והמליקות]

waving,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Certain meal-offerings; v. Men. 60a, 61a.');">³³</span> bringing near,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Certain meal-offerings to the south-west corner of the altar, ibid. 8.');">³⁴</span> taking out the handful,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. 2.');">³⁵</span> and burning it,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. 2.');">³⁵</span> the rite of nipping off.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The head of a bird-offering; v. Lev. I, 15; V, 8.');">³⁶</span>