Chullin 89

Chapter 89

א אתייקורי הוא דמתייקרו בי
1 They are honoured by [inviting] me'.
ב אמר רב יהודה אמר רב
2 Rab Judah said in the name of Rab: If the windpipe was perforated [with many holes] like a sieve, they are reckoned together in order to make up the greater part.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the holes are considered as being adjacent and in a line, and if then it appears that the greater portion of the circumference of the windpipe is severed the animal is trefah.');"><sup>1</sup></span>
ג ניקבה כנפה מצטרפים לרובא
3 R'Jeremiah raised an objection It was taught: If there was one long hole in the skull, or even if there were many small holes in it, in either case the hole or holes are computed to make up the measure of a hole the size of a [surgeon's] drill.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And if the hole is of the size of a surgeon's drill the skull will no longer convey uncleanness to men or vessels that are in the same 'tent' or under the same roof; V. Ohol. II, 3.');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ד מתיב רב ירמיה
4 We therefore see that if the measure is that of a hole the size of a drill, several small holes are reckoned together so as to make up this measure; similarly we ought to say here, inasmuch as the measure<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where the windpipe was perforated, as distinct from where it was merely severed. V. infra 54a.');"><sup>3</sup></span>
ה ובגולגולת שיש בה נקב אחד ארוך אפילו יש בה נקבים הרבה מצטרפים למלא מקדח
5 is that of a hole the size of an issar,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A coin, the Roman as, one twenty-fourth part of a denar.');"><sup>4</sup></span>
ו אלמא כיון דשיעורה מלא מקדח למלא מקדח מצטרפין
6 that several small holes shall be reckoned together to make up a hole the size of an issar? - He [R'Jeremiah] obviously overlooked the dictum of R'Helbo which he reported in the name of R'Hama B'Guria on the authority of Rab: Holes with loss of substance are reckoned together to make up the measure of a hole the size of an issar, but holes without any loss of substance are reckoned together to make up the greater part [of the circumference].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And Rab Judah was referring to holes without any loss of substance.');"><sup>5</sup></span>
ז ה"נ כיון דשיעוריה כאיסר לכאיסר מצטרפין
7 Rabbah B'Bar Hana said in the name of R'Joshua B'Levi: If a strip [of the windpipe] was removed its space<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., its area.');"><sup>6</sup></span>
ח אישתמיטתיה הא דאמר רבי חלבו אמר רב חמא בר גוריא אמר רב
8 is computed to make up a hole the size of an issar.
ט נקבים שיש בהן חסרון מצטרפין לכאיסר ושאין בהן חסרון מצטרפין לרובא
9 R'Isaac B'Nahmani enquired of R'Joshua B'Levi: What is the law if the windpipe was perforated like a sieve? - He replied: They have said: Holes with loss of substance are reckoned together to make up the measure of a hole the size of an issar, but holes without any loss of substance are reckoned together to make up the greater part [of the circumference].
י אמר רבה בר בר חנה א"ר יהושע בן לוי
10 What is the test in the case of a bird?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If there were several holes in it with loss of substance, or if a strip of the windpipe was removed. The measure of an issar obviously cannot apply to a bird too, since the entire width of its windpipe does not amount to an issar.');"><sup>7</sup></span>
יא ניטלה הימנה רצועה מצטרפת לכאיסר
11 - R'Isaac B'Nahmani said: It was explained to me by R'Eleazar thus: It<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the portion of the windpipe that is perforated with several holes, including even the solid substance between the holes (Rashi) .');"><sup>8</sup></span>
יב בעא מיניה רבי יצחק בר נחמני מרבי יהושע בן לוי
12 must be cut out<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'he rolls it up'.');"><sup>9</sup></span>
יג ניקבה כנפה מהו
13 and placed over the opening of the windpipe; if it covers the greater part of the windpipe, the bird is trefah, but if not, it is permitted.
יד אמר ליה הרי אמרו
14 R'Papa said: And in order to remember this [test] think of a sieve.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which is a cavity covered over by a network of small holes; here too the portion perforated must be placed over the cavity of the windpipe.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
טו נקבים שיש בהן חסרון מצטרפין לכאיסר ושאין בהן חסרון מצטרפין לרובא
15 R'Nahman said, if the windpipe was lacerated in the shape of a door,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., a Portion of the windpipe was cut around on three sides but attached on the fourth side (Rashi) . According to Alfasi and Maim., 'The windpipe was perforated from side to side', i.e., there were two holes in the windpipe exactly opposite each other. It is to be observed that 'like a door' is not found in MS.M. nor in the text of Alfasi. Moreover there is considerable doubt whether this case refers to a bird or cattle. V. commentaries. hsf');"><sup>11</sup></span>
טז בעופא מאי
16 it is trefah if an issar can pas through it horizontally.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Tosaf. s.v. and Kesef Mishnah on Maim. Yad, Hil. Shech. III, 24.');"><sup>12</sup></span>
יז אמר רבי יצחק בר נחמני
17 Rab said, if the windpipe was slit lengthwise it is permitted, provided there remained intact at least one ring<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or: 'one section consisting of three rings'.');"><sup>13</sup></span>
יח לדידי מפרשא לי מיניה דרבי אלעזר מקפלו ומניחו על פי הקנה אם חופה את רוב הקנה טרפה ואם לאו כשרה
18 at the top and one ring at the lower end.
יט אמר רב פפא
19 When this was reported to R'Johanan he exclaimed: Why a ring?
כ וסימניך נפיא
20 Why does Rab insist upon a ring?
כא נפחתה כדלת אמר רב נחמן
21 I would rather say: It is permitted - provided there remained a portions no matter how little, intact at the top and at the lower end.
כב כדי שיכנס איסר לרחבו
22 When this same ruling was reported to R'Johanan in the name of [the Babylonian] R'Jonathan he exclaimed: Our Babylonian friends know full well how to interpret the law!
כג נסדקה אמר רב
23 R'Hiyya B'Joseph recited in the presence of R'Johanan: The whole of the neck is the appropriate place for slaughtering - that is, from the large ring<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the cricoid 'cartilage.');"><sup>14</sup></span>
כד אפילו לא נשתייר בה אלא חוליא אחת למעלה וחוליא אחת למטה כשרה
24 to the nethermost lobe of the lung.
כה אמרוה קמיה דרבי יוחנן אמר
25 Raba said: 'The nethermost lobe' really means the uppermost lobe,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is clear that the top lobe of the lung is meant but the description of it will vary according to the position of the animal. If the animal is suspended by its hind legs the top lobe is really the nethermost.');"><sup>15</sup></span>
כו מה חוליא ומה חוליא דקאמר רב
26 for I hold [that the appropriate place for slaughtering is] the entir extent of the neck observed at the time when the animal is grazing.
כז אלא אימא
27 But on no account may the organs [of the throat] be stretched [by force].
כח אפילו לא נשתייר בה אלא משהו למעלה ומשהו למטה כשרה
28 R'Hanina (others say: R'Hanania) enquired: What is the law if the animal of its own accord stretched its neck?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the animal was slaughtered in that extended portion of the neck.');"><sup>16</sup></span>
כט אמרוה קמיה דרבי יוחנן משמיה דרבי יונתן הכי אמר להו
29 It is undecided.
ל ידעין חברין בבלאי לפרושי כי האי טעמא
30 R'Johanan and R'Simeon B'Lakish were once sitting together and the following was established:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'the matter emanated from them'.');"><sup>17</sup></span>
לא תנא רבי חייא בר יוסף קמיה דרבי יוחנן
31 If one stretched the organs of the throat of an animal by force and slaughtered in the extended part, the slaughtering is invalid.
לב כל הצואר כולו כשר לשחיטה מטבעת הגדולה עד כנפי ריאה התחתונה
32 If the windpipe was pierced below the breast it is considered as if the lungs [were pierced].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the slightest perforation will render the animal trefah.');"><sup>18</sup></span>
לג אמר רבא
33 Our Rabbis taught: What counts as the breast?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' From all peace-offerings the breast as well as the thigh was presented to the priest; cf. Lev. VII, 34.');"><sup>19</sup></span>
לד תחתונה שהיא עליונה שאני אומר
34 It is that portion which looks down upon the ground; on top<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is the better text, so found in Tosef Hul. IX and in many MSS.; so also in Maim. In cur. edd. the directions are reversed.');"><sup>20</sup></span>
לה כל שפושטת צוארה ורועה ובלבד שלא תאנס
35 it extends as far as the neck, and below as far as the rumen.
לו בעי רב חנינא ואיתימא רב חנניה
36 Two ribs from the two sides, on this side and on that, are cut away with it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' According to Rashi, one rib is to be cut away on each side; however, in the Tosef. loc. cit. and in Maim. it is expressly stated that two ribs must be cut away on each side. So too R. Hananel, v. Tosaf. ad loc.');"><sup>21</sup></span>
לז אנסה עצמה מהו
37 This is the breast which is to be given to the priests.
לח תיקו
38 IF THE MEMBRANE OF THE BRAIN WAS PIERCED.
לט יתיב רבי יוחנן ורשב"ל נפק מילתא מבינייהו
39 Rab and Samuel both said: If the outer membrane<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the dura mater, the inner membrane being the pia mater.');"><sup>22</sup></span>
מ אנס בסימנים ושחט פסולה ניקב הקנה למטה מן החזה נידון כריאה
40 only was pierced, even though the inner was not, [it is trefah].
מא תנו רבנן
41 Others say [that Rab and Samuel both said: It is not trefah] unless the inner membrane was [also]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Asheri and R. Nissim ad loc.');"><sup>23</sup></span>
מב איזהו חזה זה הרואה את הקרקע
42 pierced.
מג למטה עד הצואר למעלה עד הכרס
43 R'Samuel B'Nahmani said: And in order to remember this think of the bag in which the brain lies.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is a mnemonic for remembering the second opinion, namely, that the inner membrane is the vital one. There is a play upon the word t,hhj , which means 'life' and also 'a bag'.');"><sup>24</sup></span>
מד חותך שתי צלעות משתי דפנות אילך ואילך וזהו חזה הניתן לכהנים:
44 Rabbah B'Bar Hana said in the name of R'Joshua B'Levi: The same is to be observed with the stones.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the testicles of an animal are also invested by two coverings, an inner and outer membrane, like the brain.');"><sup>25</sup></span>
מה ניקב קרוב של מוח:
45 R'Simeon B'Pazzi said in the name of R'Joshua B'Levi on the authority of Bar Kappara: All the marrow that is within the cranium is regarded as the brain; from the point at which it begins to elongate it is counted as the spinal cord.
מו רב ושמואל דאמרי תרוייהו
46 At what point does it begin to elongate? - Said R'Isaac B'Nahmani: It was explained to me by R'Joshua B'Levi: there are two
מז קרמא עילאה אע"ג דלא אינקיב תתאה
47 
מח ואמרי לה
48 
מט עד דאינקיב תתאה
49 
נ אמר רבי שמואל בר נחמני וסימניך
50 
נא חייתא דמתנח ביה מוחא
51 
נב אמר רבה בר בר חנה אמר רבי יהושע בן לוי
52 
נג כנגדו בביצים ניכר
53 
נד א"ר שמעון בן פזי אמר ריב"ל משום בר קפרא
54 
נה מוח כל מה שבקדירה נדון כמוח התחיל למשוך נדון כחוט השדרה
55 
נו ומהיכן מתחיל לימשך
56 
נז אמר רבי יצחק בר נחמני לדידי מיפרשא לי מיניה דרבי יהושע בן לוי
57 
נח כמין שני
58 
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