Chullin 99
ולדידן מיסתם נמי לא סתים
surely for us [Babylonians] it should at least be effective to stop up a perforation!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This remark of R. Nahman indicates that Bar Himza, which, as stated above, is effective to stop up a perforation, must be the fat which is upon the lesser curvature of the abomasum. For, as immediately follows in the text, it is only this fat (sc. that upon the lesser curvature) which the Palestinians permit themselves to eat and which R. Nahman maintains should at least serve for us to stop up a perforation. The second version in the text (infra) has no bearing upon this remark of R. Nahman. V. Rashi.');"><sup>1</sup></span>
איכא דאמרי
The dispute is only concerning the fat that is upon the lesser curvature.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The dispute between the Palestinians and the Babylonians revolves about the views of R. Akiba and R. Ishmael (stated supra 49a) as to what constitutes forbidden fat. In this respect it must be remembered that the fat upon the greater curvature of the abomasum is well-nigh flat and lies almost as an even layer upon the abomasum, consequently it is forbidden according to all views, whereas the fat upon the lesser curvature does not lie in an even layer. Now the Palestinians accepted the view of R. Akiba, that the condition of the fat lying as an even layer is an essential characteristic in the definition of forbidden fat, and this being so they permit the fat that is upon the lesser curvature. The Babylonians, on the other hand, accepted the view of R. Ishmael and consequently forbid this fat.');"><sup>2</sup></span>
דאייתרא כולי עלמא לא פליגי דשרי כי פליגי דאקשתא כי הא דאמר רב אויא אמר רבי אמי
.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' According to this version all accept the view of R. Akiba that only the fat that lies as an even layer is forbidden; consequently the fat on the lesser curvature is permitted. But the issue between the Babylonians and the Palestinians is as to whether the fat upon the greater curvature is to be regarded as an even layer or not. According to the former it is so, hence it is forbidden; according to the Palestinians it is not so, hence it is permitted.');"><sup>3</sup></span>
מקמצין
accords with the statement of R'Awia in the name of R'Ammi who said: One must scrape away a little from the surface [of the fat upon the lesser curvature].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Only the surface of this fat is forbidden as it has been in close proximity to the fat that covers the inwards, which is forbidden. The rest of this fat, however, is allowed to be eaten according to the Palestinian view, and R. Ammi was a Palestinian.');"><sup>5</sup></span>
תניא רשב"ג אומר
The Following statement R'Abba's colleague - i.e., R'Zera - learnt from R'Abba<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Abba, son of R. Hiyya b. Abba, not to be confused with R. Abba mentioned first (Rashi) .');"><sup>6</sup></span>
בני מעיין שניקבו וליחה סותמתן כשרה
: R'Abba the son of R'Hiyya B'Abba said: Thus said R'Hiyya B'Abba in the name of R'Johanan: The halachah is in accordance with the view of R'Simeon B'Gamaliel in the matter of 'Trefah' and the halachah is in accordance with the view of R'Simeon in the matter of 'Mourning'.'
מאי ליחה
The halachah is in accordance with the view of R'Simeon B'Gamaliel in the matter of Trefah', as we have stated it above.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That where a perforation in the intestines was stopped up by the viscous substance attached thereto it is permitted.');"><sup>7</sup></span>
אמר רב כהנא
But what is this matter of 'Mourning' [concerning which the halachah is in accordance with the view of R'Simeon]? - It has been taught: In the first three days of mourning he who arrives from a place nearby counts the days of mourning with the others;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. M.K. 21b. A man who was not more than a day's journey away from home when the death of a near relative occurred and who returned to his home within the first three days of the mourning, joins the other mourners in the counting of the Shib'ah, or the traditional seven days of mourning, and his period of mourning comes to an end at the same time as that of the others.');"><sup>8</sup></span>
שירקא דמעייא דנפיק אגב דוחקא
[if he arrives] from a far place he must count the days of mourning for himself.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., he must count seven full days of mourning from the time that he arrives, though the other mourners have almost completed their period of mourning.');"><sup>9</sup></span>
חבריא דרבי זירא מר' זירא ומנו רבי אבא
A certain Rabbi said: 'I pray that I be granted to go up [to Palestine] and learn the law from the mouth of the Master'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Abba the son of b. R. Hiyya.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
(אמר רבי אבא) בריה דרבי חייא בר אבא הכי אמר (רבי חייא בר אבא אמר) רבי יוחנן
When he came he found R'Abba the son of R'Hiyya B'Abba and asked him, 'Did the Master say that the halachah was in accordance with the view of R'Simeon B'Gamaliel in the matter of Trefah'? - He replied: 'Indeed, I said that the halachah was not in accordance with his view.'
כל שלשה ימים הראשונים בא ממקום קרוב מונה עמהן ממקום רחוק מונה לעצמו
is not in accordance with the View of R'Simeon B'Gamaliel in the matter of Trefah, but the halachah is in accordance with the view of R'Simeon in the matter of Mourning, for Samuel has taught: In matters of mourning the law is always in accordance with him who states the more lenient view.
מכאן ואילך אפילו בא ממקום קרוב מונה לעצמו
R'Shimi B'Hiyya said: We may compare defects in the intestines.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., we may compare a perforation found in the intestines concerning which there is a doubt whether it existed before the slaughtering, in which case the animal would be trefah, or it was made after the slaughtering, in which case it is permitted, with a perforation made in that same organ after the slaughtering. If the two perforations are alike in appearance the animal is permitted, for it is clear that they both were made after the slaughtering.');"><sup>12</sup></span>
אפילו ביום השביעי בא ממקום קרוב מונה עמהן
He compared them [with other perforations that he now made] but they did not appear alike; whereupon his son R'Mesharsheya came and handled them,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the newly made perforations.');"><sup>13</sup></span>
איזכי ואיסק ואגמרה לשמעתא מפומיה דמרה
He [Raba] said to him, 'Whence did you know to do this'? - He replied: 'Think of the number of hands that had handled [the original perforations] before they were brought to my Master'! He exclaimed: 'My son is versed in the laws concerning trefah like R'Johanan'!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 28b.');"><sup>15</sup></span>
אמר מר הלכה כרשב"ג בטרפה
Raba said: This is allowed only in the same lung, but we may not compare the defect in one lung with the defect in the other lung.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., even in the lungs of one animal one may not compare a defect in the right lung with a defect in the left lung, or vice versa.');"><sup>16</sup></span>
א"ל
The law, however, is that the defect in one lung may be compared with the defect in the other lung, the small<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the defect in the lungs of a small animal, e.g. sheep or goat, with the defect in the lungs of another small animal: so R. Hananel and first explanation of Rashi. Another suggestion in Rashi is: the defect in the main lobe of one lung with the defect in the main lobe of the other lung, and the defect in the small lobes of one lung with the defect in the small lobes of the other lung.');"><sup>17</sup></span>
דאיתמר רב חסדא אמר
The law, however, is that the defect in the cartilaginous portion of one group may be compared with the defect in the cartilaginous portion of another group; likewise the defect in the membranous portion<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This includes the membranous substance between each of the rings as well as the posterior portion of each ring, for the rings of cartilage are incomplete in part of their circumference, being about one-third filled in by fibrous tissue.');"><sup>19</sup></span>
הלכה וכן אמר רבי יוחנן
of one group with the defect in the membranous portion of another group, but we may not compare the defect in the cartilaginous portion with the defect in a membranous portion, nor the defect in the membranous portion with the defect in a cartilaginous portion.
ואין הלכה כרבן שמעון בן גמליאל בטרפה והלכה כרבי שמעון באבל דאמר שמואל
R'Ila'i said in the name of R'Johanan, Where it is joined [to the hips] only the destruction of the greater part thereof [will render trefah]; where it is not so joined even the slightest perforation [will render trefah].