Eruvin 120

מה שנשכר הוא מפסיד:

HE LOSES<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In one direction of the town.');">¹</span> WHAT HE GAINS.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the other direction. If the 'erub, for instance, was deposited at a distance of one thousand cubits in an easterly direction of the town the man, since the 'erub entitles him to walk distances of two thousand cubits from it in all directions, is entitled to walk a total distance of (1000 + 2000 =) 3000 cubits from the town in an easterly direction but only one thousand cubits in the westerly direction. The entire area of the town itself, as mentioned supra is, in this respect regarded as no bigger than four cubits by four and, in consequence, is not to be deducted from the extent of the permitted limits.');">²</span> <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>Assuming that EAST<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So MS.M. (agreeing with the reading in our Mishnah) . Cur. edd. here add lamed, 'to the'.');">³</span>

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> קא סלקא דעתך למזרח למזרח ביתו למערב למערב ביתו

means the east side of his house and that WEST<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So MS.M. (agreeing with the reading in our Mishnah) . Cur. edd. here add lamed, 'to the'.');">³</span> means the west of his house,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The house being situated between him on the one side of it and his son on the opposite side.');">⁴</span> one can well understand how it is possible that THE DISTANCE BETWEEN HIM AND HIS HOUSE WAS NO MORE THAN TWO THOUSAND CUBITS AND THAT BETWEEN HIM AND HIS ERUB WAS MORE THAN THIS, since he would reach his house before he could<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit.,'and not'.');">⁵</span>

בשלמא הימנו ולביתו אלפים אמה ולעירובו יתר מכאן משכחת לה דמטי לביתיה ולא מטי לעירובו אלא הימנו ולעירובו אלפים אמה ולביתו יתר מכאן היכי משכחת לה

reach his 'erub, but how is it possible that THE DISTANCE between him and HIS 'ERUB should be NO MORE THAN TWO THOUSAND CUBITS AND THAT TO HIS HOUSE MORE THAN THIS? - R'Isaac replied: Do you think that EAST<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So MS.M. (agreeing with the reading in our Mishnah) . Cur. edd. here add lamed, 'to the'.');">³</span> means east of his house and WEST<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So MS.M. (agreeing with the reading in our Mishnah) . Cur. edd. here add lamed, 'to the'.');">³</span> the west of his house?

א"ר יצחק מי סברת למזרח למזרח ביתו למערב למערב ביתו לא למזרח למזרח בנו למערב למערב בנו.

The meaning in fact is not so; EAST denotes the east of the position of HIS SON and WEST denotes the west position of HIS SON.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The position of his house, however, may well have been much further away than that of his 'erub.');">⁶</span> Raba son of R'Shila<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' MS.M., 'Rabbah b. Shila'.');">⁷</span> replied: One may even explain EAST as the east of his house and WEST as the west of his house where, for instance, his house stood in a diagonal direction.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In relation to him and his 'erub.');">⁸</span>

רבא בר רב שילא אמר אפי' תימא למזרח למזרח ביתו ולמערב למערב ביתו כגון דקאי ביתיה באלכסונא:

IF A MAN DEPOSITS HIS 'ERUB WITHIN THE [SABBATIC] EXTENSION etc. How can you possibly assume that an 'erub would be deposited BEYOND THE LIMIT?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Such an 'erub, which is unapproachable on the Sabbath, would surely be useless.');">⁹</span> - Rather read: Outside the Sabbatic extension.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of seventy and two thirds cubits around the town. Cf. relevant note on our MISHNAH:');">¹⁰</span> HE LOSES WHAT HE GAINS.

הנותן עירובו בתוך עיבורה וכו': חוץ לתחום ס"ד אלא אימא חוץ לעיבורה:

Only WHAT HE GAINS and no more? Was it not in fact taught: If a man deposits his 'erub within the [Sabbatic] extension of a town, his act is of no consequence. If he deposited it even one cubit only beyond the [Sabbatic] extension of the town, he gains that cubit<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On the side of the town where the 'erub was deposited.');">¹¹</span>

מה שנשכר הוא מפסיד: מה שנשכר ותו לא והתניא הנותן את עירובו בתוך עיבורה של עיר לא עשה ולא כלום נתנו חוץ לעיבורה של עיר אפילו אמה אחת משתכר אותה אמה ומפסיד את כל העיר כולה מפני שמדת העיר עולה לו במדת התחום

and loses all the town<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When the Sabbath limit from the 'erub across the town in the opposite direction (cf. prev. n.) is measured, [the town is included in tile extent of the Sabbath limit].');">¹²</span> because the extent of the town is included in the extent of the Sabbath limit?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And deducted from it. How then is this to be reconciled with our Mishnah?');">¹³</span> - This is no difficulty, since the latter refers to a case where his measure<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of the two thousand cubits prescribed for a Sabbath limit.');">¹⁴</span>

לא קשיא כאן שכלתה מדתו בחצי העיר כאן שכלתה מדתו בסוף העיר

terminated within the town,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Either because the town was very big or because the 'erub lay at a considerable distance from it. In such a case only is the town included in the extent of the Sabbath limit and the man is forbidden to move beyond the far side of the town.');">¹⁵</span> while the former deals with one where his measure terminated at the far end of the town;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In this case all the town is regarded as being no bigger than four cubits by four, and the Sabbath limit is extended beyond the town to a distance of two thousand cubits minus the distance between the 'erub and the side of the town near it.');">¹⁶</span> this being in agreement with a ruling of R'Idi who laid down in the name of R'Joshua B'Levi: If a man<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who was overtaken by dusk underway and, being unaware of tie proximity of a town, had acquired his Sabbath abode at the spot where he happened to be at the time the Sabbath had set in (cf. supra 45a) ; (and the same law applies to a man who deposited an 'erub outside his own town) .');">¹⁷</span>

וכדר' אידי דאמר רבי אידי א"ר יהושע בן לוי היה מודד ובא וכלתה מדתו בחצי העיר אין לו אלא חצי העיר כלתה מדתו בסוף העיר נעשית לו העיר כולה כד' אמות ומשלימין לו את השאר

was measuring [the two thousand cubits distance from his acquired Sabbath abode] and advancing towards a town, and his measure<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 423, n. 7.');">¹⁸</span> terminated in the middle of the town he is allowed to proceed no further than half the town, but if his measure terminated at the far end of the town,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the end opposite the one that was near his 'erub.');">¹⁹</span> all the town, as far as he is concerned, is regarded as four cubits and the remainder of the Sabbath limit<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The difference between two thousand cubits and the distance of the 'erub from the side of the town nearest to it.');">²⁰</span>

א"ר אידי אין אלו אלא דברי נביאות מה לי כלתה בחצי העיר מה לי כלתה בסוף העיר

may be made up for him.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By extending the Sabbath limit beyond the far side of the town (cf. supra n. 3) .');">²¹</span> These,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' n. Joshua b. Levi's rulings.');">²²</span> exclaimed R'Idi, are nought but prophetic utterances;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sheer imagination. V. however, Rash and Tosaf.');">²³</span>

אמר רבא תרוייהו תננהי אנשי עיר גדולה מהלכין את כל עיר קטנה

for what is the difference whether the measure terminated in the middle of the town or at the end?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Apparently none.');">²⁴</span> - Said Raba: We have learnt<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Infra 61a.');">²⁵</span> both these cases: The people of a large town may walk through the whole of a small town,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That was situated within its Sabbath limit. Now this must imply that the whole of the small town is regarded as no bigger than four cubits and that the remainder of the Sabbath limit may be made up by extending the limit beyond the far side of the small town, in agreement with R. Joshua b. Levi's second ruling.');">²⁶</span>