Eruvin 126

וכתיב (דברי הימים א ז, כז) נון בנו יהושע בנו

and elsewhere it is written: Nun his son, Joshua his son.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I Chron. VII, 27, no son of Joshua being mentioned.');">¹</span> This exposition, however, differs from that of R'Abba B'Papa, for R'Abba B'Papa<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' MS.M. 'that of R. Hanina, for R. Hanina b. Papa'.');">²</span>

ופליגא דר' אבא בר פפא דאמר ר' אבא בר פפא לא נענש יהושע אלא בשביל שביטל את ישראל לילה אחת מפריה ורביה

stated: Joshua was punished<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Having to die childless.');">³</span> for no other sin than that of preventing Israel or one night from the duty of propagation; for it is said in Scripture: And it came to pass, when Joshua was by Jericho, that he lifted up his eyes and looked etc.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Josh. V, 13. tk uk');">⁴</span>

שנאמר (יהושע ה, יג) ויהי בהיות יהושע ביריחו וישא עיניו וירא וגו' וכתיב ויאמר (לו) כי אני שר צבא ה' עתה באתי וגו'

and this is followed by the text: And he said: 'Nay,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' . Cur. edd. in Parenthesis, 'to him'.');">⁵</span> but I am captain of the host of the Lord,' I am now come'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. 14.');">⁶</span>

אמר לו אמש ביטלתם תמיד של בין הערבים ועכשיו ביטלתם תלמוד תורה על איזה מהן באת אמר לו עתה באתי

'Last evening',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The one preceding the night of the meeting.');">⁷</span> he said to him [in effect].'

מיד (יהושע ח, יג) וילך יהושע בלילה ההוא בתוך העמק ואמר רבי יוחנן מלמד שהלך בעומקה של הלכה

you omitted to offer up the continual evening sacrifice<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. Num. XXVIII, 1ff.');">⁸</span> and now you are neglecting the study of the Torah'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Joshua, engaging in incessant warfare both by day and night, was unable to allow time either for the daily evening sacrifice or for the study of the Torah which the people were expected to pursue in the evening when they were free from their labours. The critical attitude of the 'captain' is inferred (v. Rashi) from his appearance with his sword drawn' (Josh. V. 13) ; and the emphasis he laid on 'now' (v. infra n. 12) implies that previously also some offence had been committed.');">⁹</span>

וגמירי דכל זמן שארון ושכינה שרויין שלא במקומן אסורין בתשמיש המטה

'On account of which offence', the other asked,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. MS.M. and Bah.');">¹⁰</span> 'did you come'? - 'Now',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the last mentioned offence.');">¹¹</span>

א"ר שמואל בר איניא משמיה דרב גדול תלמוד תורה יותר מהקרבת תמידין דאמר ליה עתה באתי

he replied.' am I come'.

אמר רב ברונא אמר רב כל הישן בקילעא שאיש ואשתו שרויין בה עליו הכתוב אומר (מיכה ב, ט) נשי עמי תגרשון מבית תענוגיה

Joshua, we read forthwith, went that night into the midst of the vale,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Josh. VIII, 13. lkv eng');">¹²</span> a text which, R'Johanan explained, teaches that he entered into the profundities of the halachah.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'Went' (rt.) and 'vale' (rt.) are expounded as 'entered' and 'profundities' which are respectively derived from the same Heb. roots. For other readings of the passage v. Bah a.l. and Sanh., Sonc. ed., p. 289, n. 12.');">¹³</span>

ואמר רב יוסף אפי' באשתו נדה

And we have a tradition that so long as the Ark and the Shechinah are not settled in their appointed place<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which was the case when a battle was in progress.');">¹⁴</span> connubial intercourse is forbidden.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Joshua, having been the cause, suffered in consequence the disability mentioned.');">¹⁵</span>

רבא אמר אם אשתו נדה היא תבא עליו ברכה ולא היא דעד האידנא מאן נטריה

R'Samuel B'Inia<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Var. lec. 'Iwya' (En Jacob) .');">¹⁶</span> stated in the name of Rab: The study of the Torah is more important than the offering of the daily continual sacrifices,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. Num. XXVIII, 1f.');">¹⁷</span>

ההוא מבואה דהוה דייר בה לחמן בר ריסתק אמרו ליה אוגר לן רשותך לא אוגר להו

since he said to him,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The 'captain' to Joshua.');">¹⁸</span> 'now am I come'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Josh. V, 14. He was more concerned with the latter offence than with the former.');">¹⁹</span>

אתו אמרו ליה לאביי אמר להו זילו בטילו רשותייכו לגבי חד הוה ליה יחיד במקום נכרי ויחיד במקום נכרי לא אסר

R'Berona stated in the name of Rab: Concerning the man who sleeps in a room<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'curtain', a curtained enclosure'.');">²⁰</span> in which husband and wife rest Scripture says: The women of My people ye cast out from their pleasant houses.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Micah II, 9.');">²¹</span>

אמרו ליה מידי הוא טעמא אלא דלא שכיח דדיירי והכא הא קדיירי

This, R'Joseph said, applies even to the time when one's wife is menstruant. Raba said: If one's wife is menstruant may a blessing come upon him.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The man who by his presence provides a moral safeguard.');">²²</span>

אמר להו כל בטולי רשותייהו גבי חד מילתא דלא שכיחא היא ומילתא דלא שכיחא לא גזרו בה רבנן

This,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Raba's view.');">²³</span> however, is not very logical, for who watched him<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The husband.');">²⁴</span>

אזל רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע אמרה לשמעתא קמיה דרבא אמר ליה

until that time?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' No one, of course, besides himself and his wife. If the husband and wife are thus trusted by the Torah to be fully competent to look after their moral Interests, there could not be much advantage in having an occasional intruder.');">²⁵</span> There was a certain alley in which Lahman<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Var. lec. 'Haman' (R. Han. cf. MS.M.) .');">²⁶</span> B'Ristak<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A heathen.');">²⁷</span> lived.' Will you let us<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the Sabbath.');">²⁸</span> your domain?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' His right to the use of the alley.');">²⁹</span> said the other residents to him; but he would not let it to them. So they went to Abaye and reported the matter to him.' Renounce', he advised them, 'your respective domains<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. prev. n. mut. mut.');">³⁰</span> in favour of one resident so that he would be in the position of one individual living in the same place with a heathen, and wherever one individual lives in the same place with a heathen the latter imposes no restrictions upon the former'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As a result of the arrangement the residents would be enabled to move (a) within the alley any objects that rested in it at the time the Sabbath had set in and (b) objects from the house of the individual, in favour of whom they had renounced their rights, into the alley and from the alley into his house. In the absence of the arrangement they would have been deprived even of these limited privileges (cf. Shah. 130b) . The prohibition, however, to move objects from their own houses into the alley and vice versa would still remain in force (cf. infra 69b) .');">³¹</span> 'Is not the only reason',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Why a heathen imposes no restrictions on an individual Israelite that lives with him in the same courtyard or alley.');">³²</span> he was asked,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By one of the scholars. Cur. edd., 'they said to him', is wanting from MS.M.');">³³</span> 'that it is not usual for one Israelite and one heathen to live together? And is it a fact that these did live together? ' - 'The renunciation of' private domains in favour of one resident', he replied: 'is an unusual occurrence, and the Rabbis enacted no prohibitory measures against any occurrence that is unusual'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence the effectiveness of the suggested arrangement.');">³⁴</span> R'Huna son of R'Joshua proceeded to report this ruling<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of Abaye.');">³⁵</span> to Raba when the latter remarked:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'said to him'.');">³⁶</span>