Eruvin 186

גידוד חמשה ומחיצה חמשה אין מצטרפין עד שיהא או כולו בגידוד או כולו במחיצה

All embankment five handbreadths high and a partition on it five handbreadths high are not combined<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To constitute a single partition of the height of ten handbreadths which is the minimum height prescribed for an enclosure round a private domain.');">¹</span> since it is necessary<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'until'.');">²</span> that the entire height<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of ten handbreadths.');">³</span>

מיתיבי שתי חצירות זו למעלה מזו ועליונה גבוהה מן התחתונה עשרה טפחים או שיש בה גידוד חמשה ומחיצה חמשה מערבין שנים ואין מערבין אחד פחות מכאן מערבין אחד ואין מערבין שנים

shall be contained either in the embankment or in the partition. An objection was raised: If there were two courtyards one higher than the other, and the upper one is ten handbreadths higher than the lower one, or has<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On the side at which it adjoins the lower courtyard.');">⁴</span> an embankment five handbreadths high and a partition five handbreadths high, two separate 'erubs may be prepared<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' One for each courtyard.');">⁵</span>

אמר (רב) מודה רב חסדא בתחתונה הואיל ורואה פני עשרה אי הכי תחתונה תערב שנים ולא תערב אחד עליונה לא תערב לא אחד ולא שנים

but not one.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the two jointly,');">⁶</span> If i was lower, only a single 'erub<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the two jointly,');">⁶</span> may be prepared but not two 'erubs!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. supra n. 12; which shows that an embankment and a partition are reckoned together as one unit of heights. How then could R. Hisda maintain that they are not combined?');">⁸</span>

אמר רבה בר עולא כגון שהיתה עליונה מגופפת עד עשר אמות

- Raba<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. marg. glos. Cur. edd. in parenthesis, 'Rab'.');">⁹</span> replied: R'Hisda agrees<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That the heights of the embankment and the partition may be combined into one unit of ten handbreadths.');">¹⁰</span> in the case of the lower courtyard, since its tenants can see a frontage of ten handbreadths.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The tenants of the upper courtyard, however, cannot see the full height; and it is on account of them that R. Hisda gave his ruling.');">¹¹</span>

אי הכי אימא סיפא פחות מכאן מערבין אחד ואין מערבין שנים אי בעיא חד תערב אי בעיא תרי תערב

If so, [should not the tenants of] the lower [courtyard]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who can see a valid partition between their courtyard and the upper one.');">¹²</span> prepare an 'erub<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For themselves only.');">¹³</span> [as in the case of] two [separated courtyards] but not a single one,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the two jointly.');">¹⁴</span>

אמר רבה בריה דרבא כגון שנפרצה התחתונה במלואה לעליונה

while those of the upper one<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since the valid partition of the lower courtyard forms a division between the two courtyards.');">¹⁵</span> should neither prepare a single one<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Jointly.');">¹⁶</span> [for the two courtyards] nor<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Being exposed to the lower courtyard, having no valid partition on its side to separate it.');">¹⁷</span>

אי הכי תחתונה חד תערב תרי לא תערב עליונה אי בעיא תרי תערב אי בעיא חד תערב

one for themselves alone?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., ' (one of) two'.');">¹⁸</span> - Rabbah<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' MS. M., 'Raba'.');">¹⁹</span> B'Ulla replied: [This<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Baraitha cited.');">²⁰</span>

אין הכי נמי וכי קתני פחות מכאן מערבין אחד ואין מערבין שנים אתחתונה

deals with a case,] for instance, where the upper courtyard had rims<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rising on the embankment and forming a partition of ten handbreadths high round the upper courtyard.');">²¹</span> [that left a gap]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the center of the partition.');">²²</span> not wider than ten cubits.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And it was in this gap, which may be regarded as a doorway, that the partition on the embankment was only five handbreadths high. The upper courtyard is thus separated from the lower one by both a valid partition and a doorway while the latter is separated from it completely by a valid partition. Hence the ruling that one imposes no restrictions on the other and that two separate erubs must be prepared. A joint 'erub, however, is not allowed on account of the valid partition of the lower one.');">²³</span>

דרש מרימר גידוד חמשה ומחיצה חמשה מצטרפין אשכחיה רבינא לרב אחא בריה דרבא אמר ליה תני מר מידי במחיצה אמר ליה לא והלכתא גידוד חמשה ומחיצה חמשה מצטרפין

If so, read the final clause: 'If it was lower,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This, according to the explanation of Rabbah b. 'Ulla who assumed the partition to be ten handbreadths high above the embankment, must obviously refer to the partition at the 'gap'.');">²⁴</span> only a single 'erub may be prepared but not two should not the tenants be allowed to prepare one 'erub if they wished<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since the gap represented a valid doorway between the two courtyards.');">²⁵</span> or, if they preferred it, two? - Rabbah son of Raba replied: This<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Baraitha cited.');">²⁶</span>

בעי רב הושעיא דיורין הבאין בשבת מהו שיאסרו

deals with a case, for instance, where the gap extended along a whole side of the lower courtyard.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'where the lower one was broken in its fullness into the upper one', the width of the upper one not exceeding ten cubits, so that the tenants of the latter, in the absence of a joint 'erub, impose restrictions on the tenants of the former.');">²⁷</span> If so should not the tenants of the lower one be allowed to prepare a single 'erub [jointly]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' With those of the upper one (cf. prev. n.) .');">²⁸</span> but not one for themselves alone<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., ' (one of) two'.');">²⁹</span>

אמר רב חסדא תא שמע חצר גדולה שנפרצה לקטנה הגדולה מותרת והקטנה אסורה מפני שהיא כפתחה של גדולה אמר רבה אימר מבעוד יום נפרצה

while those of the upper one should be allowed, if they wished it, to prepare an 'erub for themselves alone<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., ' (one of) two'.');">²⁹</span> or, if they preferred it, a single 'erub jointly?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' With the tenants of the lower courtyard.');">³⁰</span> - This is so indeed, and the ruling,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'and when it was taught'.');">³¹</span>

אמר ליה אביי לא תימא מר אימר אלא ודאי מבעוד יום נפרצה דהא מר הוא דאמר בעי מיניה מרב הונא ובעי מיניה מרב יהודה עירב דרך הפתח ונסתם הפתח עירב דרך חלון ונסתם החלון מהו ואמר לי שבת כיון שהותרה הותרה

'If it was lower, only a single 'erub may be prepared but not two' applies to the tenants of the lower one. Amemar made the following exposition: An embankment five handbreadths high and a partition on it five handbreadths high are combined.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To form a height of ten handbreadths, the minimum prescribed for an enclosure around a private domain.');">³²</span> When Rabina met R'Aha son of Raba he asked him, 'Did the Master learn anything about a partition? '<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' MS.M. and Bah have different readings.');">³³</span>

אתמר כותל שבין שתי חצירות שנפל רב אמר אין מטלטלין בו אלא בד"א

the other replied: 'No'; and the law is that an embankment five handbreadths high and a partition on it five handbreadths high are combined.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To form a height of ten handbreadths, the minimum prescribed for an enclosure around a private domain.');">³²</span> R'Hoshaia<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Var. lec., Oshaia (MS. M.) .');">³⁴</span> enquired: Do tenants who arrive<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'dwellers that come');">³⁵</span>

ושמואל אמר

on the Sabbath<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If, for instance, a wall between two courtyards collapsed and the tenants of one courtyard arrived so to speak at the other.');">³⁶</span> impose restrictions? - R'Hisda<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hanina (MS.M.) , Hinena (Bah) .');">³⁷</span> replied: Come and hear: IF THE FULL WIDTH OF A WALL OF A SMALL<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. relevant note on our MISHNAH:');">³⁸</span> COURTYARD WAS BROKEN DOWN<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is now assumed to have occurred on the Sabbath.');">³⁹</span> SO THAT THE YARD FULLY OPENED INTO A LARGE<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. relevant note on our MISHNAH:');">³⁸</span> COURTYARD, THE USE OF THE LARGER ONE IS PERMITTED, BUT THAT OF THE SMALLER ONE IS FORBIDDEN BECAUSE THE GAP IS REGARDED AS A DOORWAY TO THE FORMER.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which shows that restrictions are imposed.');">⁴⁰</span> Is it not possible to assume', Rabbah objected, 'that the breach occurred while it was yet day? '<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of the Sabbath eve (cf. supra n. 10) .');">⁴¹</span> Said Abaye to him, Do not say: Master, 'It is possible to assume' but rather, 'It is 'certain that the breach occurred while it was yet day', for, surely, it was the Master himse who stated: 'I enquired of R'Huna and also of Rab Judah as to what was the law where an 'erub was laid in reliance on a certain door and that door was blocked up, or on a certain window and that window was stopped up? And each replied: Since permission for that Sabbath was once granted the permissibility continues until the conclusion of the day'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Supra 17a q.v. notes.');">⁴²</span> It was stated: If a wall between two courtyards<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which had no common door and the tenants of which did not join in a single 'erub for the two courtyards.');">⁴³</span> collapsed,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' on the Sabbath.');">⁴⁴</span> Rab ruled, it is permitted to move objects within four cubits only,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because the tenants of the courtyards impose restrictions upon another despite the fact that when the Sabbath began each group of tenants was allowed the use of its own courtyard.');">⁴⁵</span> but Samuel ruled: