Eruvin 4

Chapter 4

א ההוא בארון כתיב אלא מהכא (שמות כה, ח) ועשו לי מקדש ושכנתי בתוכם

1 that1 [surely] was written in respect of the [holy] ark.2 - Rather it is from the following text3

ב בין לרבנן ובין לרבי יהודה לילפו מפתח שער החצר דכתיב (שמות כז, יח) אורך החצר מאה באמה ורחב חמשים בחמשים וקומה חמש אמות וכתיב (שמות כז, יד) וחמש עשרה אמה קלעים לכתף וכתיב (שמות לח, טו) ולכתף השנית מזה ומזה לשער החצר קלעים חמש עשרה אמה מה להלן חמש ברוחב עשרים אף כאן חמש ברוחב עשרים

2 [that the inference was made:] And let them make Me a sanctuary,4 that I may dwell5 among them.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ex. XXV, 8. In Shebu. 16b the following addition occurs: 'And it is written in Scripture: According to all that I show thee, the patter, of the tabernacle' (Ex. XXV,) ; sanctuary' in v. 8 is thus described as tabernacle in v. 9.');">6

ג פתח שער החצר איקרי פתח סתמא לא איקרי

3 Whether [according to the ruling] of the Rabbis or [according to that] of R'Judah might not the deduction<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As to the maximum width of an entrance. The maximum height laid down above cannot be called in question by what follows, since evidence that an entrance of a lesser height is regarded as a proper doorway cannot alter the fact that one of a bigger size (as has been proved supra from upkhk ihc that of the doors of the Hekal or Ulam) is also regarded as a proper entrance, or gateway (cf. Rashi s.v. and Tosaf. s.v.) ,');">7 be made from the entrance of the court [of the Tabernacle], since it is written in Scripture: The length of the court shall be a hundred cubits and the breadth fifty everywhere, and the height five cubits,8 and it is also written: The hangings for the one side [of the gate] shall be fifteen cubits,9

ד ואיבעית אימא כי כתיב קלעים חמש עשרה אמה לכתף בגובהה הוא דכתיב

4 and again it is written: And so for the other side; on this hand and that hand by the gate of court were hangings of fifteen cubits,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ex. XXXVIII, 15. From the three texts it follows that the width of the court was fifty cubits (Ex. XXVII, 18) and that it had hangings of fifteen cubits in width at each end (ibid. 14 and XXXVIII, 15) , thus leaving an opening of (50 - 2 X 15 =) 20 cubits for an entrance.');">10 as there [the entrance was] five [cubits in height] by twenty cubits in width so here also11 [the dimensions allowed should be no less12

ה גובהה והא כתיב וקומה חמש אמות ההוא משפת מזבח ולמעלה

5 than] five [cubits in height but as many as] twenty cubits in width?13 [Such an entrance]14 may well be described15

ו ורבי יהודה מפתחו של אולם גמר והא תנן והרחב מעשר אמות ימעט ולא פליג ר' יהודה

6 as the entrance of the gate of the court; but it cannot be regarded15 as an ordinary ENTRANCE.16 If you prefer I might reply: The Scriptural instruction17

ז אמר אביי פליג בברייתא דתניא והרחב מי' אמות ימעט ר' יהודה אומר אינו צריך למעט

7 that the hangings for the one side shall be fifteen cubits18 applies19 to its height.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the height of all the hangings (not their width on either side of the gate) and consequently the height of each side of the court was ypan fifteen cubits. The width of the gate cannot, therefore, be deduced from this text (cf. second interpretation; Rashi, s.v.)');">20

ח וליפלוג במתני' פליג בגובהה וה"ה לרחבה

8 [You say], 'Its height'! Is it not in fact written: the height five cubits?21 That [refers only to a part of their height] above the edge of the altar.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which was ten cubits high (cf. Zeb. 59b) . By deducting this height from the height of the hangings, the figure five is obtained (15 - 10 = 5) . vynku ohgke ,pan vkgnku jczn ,pan The reading substituted by Bah for occurs also in MS.M. but is rejected by Rashi (l.c. q.v.) .');">22 As to R'Judah, [how could it be said that] he inferred [the measurements of a gateway] 'from the door of the Ulam'23

ט ואכתי ר' יהודה מפתחו של אולם גמר והתניא מבוי שהוא גבוה מכ' אמה ימעט ורבי יהודה מכשיר עד מ' ונ' אמה ותני בר קפרא עד מאה

9 when in fact we have learnt: AND [ANY ENTRANCE] THAT IS WIDER THAN TEN CUBITS SHOULD BE REDUCED, and R'Judah did not dispute [the ruling]?24 - Abaye replied: He does dispute [this ruling] in the Baraitha. For it was taught: And [any entrance] that is wider than ten cubits should be reduced, but R'Judah ruled that is was not necessary to reduce it.25

י בשלמא לבר קפרא גוזמא אלא לרב יהודה מאי גוזמא בשלמא לרבי יהודה ארבעים גמר מפתחו של אולם אלא נ' מנא ליה

10 Then why does he not express his disagreement in our Mishnah? - He expressed it26 in respect of the height of the gateway27 and the same disagreement applies to the width.

יא א"ר חסדא הא מתניתא אטעיתיה לרב דתניא מבוי שהוא גבוה מכ' אמה יותר מפתחו של היכל ימעט הוא סבר מדרבנן מפתחו של היכל גמרי רבי יהודה מפתחו של אולם גמר ולא היא ר' יהודה מפתחא דמלכין גמר

11 Can it, however, still [be maintained that] R'Judah inferred [the measurements of a gateway] 'from the entrance of the Ulam'28 when it was in fact taught: [A cross-beam spanning the] entrance [to a blind alley] at a height of more than twenty cubits should be lowered,29 but R'Judah regards [the entrance] as a proper [gateway even if the beam is] as high as30

יב ורבנן אי מפתחו של היכל גמירי ליבעו דלתות כהיכל אלמה תנן הכשר מבוי ב"ש אומרים לחי וקורה וב"ה אומרים לחי או קורה

12 forty or fifty31 cubits; and Bar Kappara taught:32 Even a hundred?

יג דלתות היכל לצניעות בעלמא הוא דעבידן

13 [The high figure] of Bar Kappara might quite well [be regarded as] an hyperbole;33 but in respect of [the figures] of R.34 Judah,35

יד אלא מעתה לא תיהני ליה צורת הפתח דהא היכל צורת הפתח הויא לו אפילו הכי עשר אמות הוא דרויח אלמה תנן אם יש לו צורת הפתח אע"פ שרחב מעשר אמות אינו צריך למעט

14 what hyperbole [could be postulated]? [As regards that of] forty36 one might well explain that he derives it from [the height of] the door of the Ulam;37

טו מידי הוא טעמא אלא לרב הא מתני ליה רב יהודה לחייא בר רב קמיה דרב אינו צריך למעט וא"ל אתנייה צריך למעט

15 whence, however, does he derive that of fifty? R'Hisda replied: The following Baraitha must have misled Rab.38 For it was taught: [A cross-bean, spanning the] entrance [to a blind alley] at a height of more than twenty cubits, [and thus forming a gateway] higher than the doorway of the Hekal, should be lowered.39

טז אלא מעתה

16 He consequently thought: Since the Rabbis40 derived [their figure] from [that of the height of] the doorway of the Hekal, R'Judah must have derived [his figure] from [that of the height of] the doorway of the Ulam. [In fact,] however, this is not [the case]; R'Jud derived his figure from [that of the height of] the doorways of kings.41 As to the Rabbis, however, if they derive their figure from [that of the height of] the doorway of the Hekal, should they not also require [a gateway42 to have] doors like the Hekal?43 Why then did we learn: The rendering of an alley fit [for carrying objects within it,]44 Beth Shammai ruled, requires a side-post and a beam,45 and Beth Hillel ruled: Either a side-post or a beam?46 The doors of the Hekal were made merely for the purpose of privacy.47 If that is th case48 THE SHAPE OF A DOORWAY should be of no avail,49 since the [entrance to the] Hekal had the shape of a doorway and yet was only ten cubits wide; why then did we learn: IF IT HAS THE SHAPE OF A DOORWAY THERE IS NO NEED TO REDUCE IT EVEN THOUGH IT IS WIDER THAN TEN CUBITS? - Does not that reason50 originate but from Rab?51 Well, when Rab Judah taught Hiyya B'Rab in the presence of Rab, 'It is not necessary to reduce [its width]', the latter told them, 'Teach him: It is necessary to reduce [Still] if that is so

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