Eruvin 41

מטפס ועולה מטפס ויורד

must climb up<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The walls of the well.');">¹</span> or climb down.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He is not allowed, however, to draw the water in a bucket from the well to carry it into the imperfect enclosure made up of the strips of wood.');">²</span> But this is not [so]?

איני והאמר רב יצחק אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל לא הותרו פסי ביראות אלא לבאר מים חיים בלבד ואי לבהמה מה לי חיים מה לי מכונסין בעינן מידי דחזי לאדם

Did not R'Isaac<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' MS.M., 'Joseph'. Cf. infra 23a ab init. and Bah a.l.');">³</span> in the name of Rab Judah who had it from, Samuel actually state: Strips [of wood] around wells were permitted only where a well is one of spring water;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Infra 23a.');">⁴</span> now if [strips of wood were permitted] for cattle only, what difference is there whether [the water was] springing or collected? - It is required that the water should be fit for human consumption.

גופא לא הותרו פסי ביראות אלא לבהמה בלבד אבל אדם מטפס ועולה מטפס ויורד ואם היו רחבין אפילו לאדם נמי ולא ימלא אדם מים ויתן לפני בהמתו אבל ממלא הוא ושופך לפני בהמה ושותה מאיליה

[To turn to] the main text.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To which reference was made supra 20b q.v. notes.');">⁵</span> Strips [of wood] around wells were permitted for cattle only, but a human being must climb up or climb down. If, however, they [the wells] were wide<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And one is unable to climb them (Rashi) .');">⁶</span>

מתקיף לה רב ענן אם כן מה הועילו פסי ביראות מה הועילו למלאות מהן

they are permitted for a human being also. No man may fill [a bucket with] water to hold it before his cattle, but one may fill [a bucket with water] and pour [it into a trough] before cattle which drink of their own accord. R'Anan demurred: If so,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That a bucket of water must not be held before cattle.');">⁷</span>

אלא מה הועיל ראשה ורובה של פרה

what was the use of strips [of wood] around wells? - 'What was the use' [you ask, surely] to [enable people to] draw water from the wells!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'to fill from them'.');">⁸</span> - This rather [is the question:] Of what use is it that the head and the greater part of the body of the cow [is within the enclosure]? Abaye replied: Here we are dealing with a manger that stood in a public domain, that was ten handbreadths high and four handbreadths wide, and one of whose sides projected into [an area] between strips [of wood] etc.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 20b. ihbdruc ihdruc');">⁹</span>

אמר אביי הכא במאי עסקינן באיבוס העומד ברה"ר גבוה עשרה ורוחב ארבעה וראשו נכנס לבין הפסין וכו'

R'Jeremiah B'Abba laid down, in the name of Rab: [The law of] isolated huts<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' , sing. Cf. Gr. **, 'isolated dwelling'. If such units are situated within a radius of seventy and two thirds cubits from a town they are regarded as its suburbs and the Sabbath limit of two thousand cubits begins from the end of the last hut (cf. infra 55b) .');">¹⁰</span> is not [applicable] to Babylon nor [that of] strips [of wood] around wells to [any country]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Other than Babylon.');">¹¹</span> outside the Land of Israel.'

אמר רב ירמיה בר אבא אמר רב אין בורגנין בבבל ולא פסי ביראות בחו"ל

[The law of] isolated huts is not [applicable] to Babylon' because there the bursting of dams is common;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the hut may at any moment be swept away by the floods.');">¹²</span> 'nor [that of] strips of wood around wells to [any country] outside the Land of Israel' because there colleges are rare.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And no students, therefore, pass from town to town in pursuit of their studies. As the relaxation of the laws of a private domain in respect of enclosures around wells is entirely due to considerations of the needs of festival pilgrims and other wayfarers who are similarly engaged in the performance of pious acts, it could not be extended in the interests of ordinary travellers.');">¹³</span> The reverse, however, is applicable.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'we do'; the law of isolated huts may be applied to countries other than Palestine and that of strips of wood around wells to Babylon.');">¹⁴</span>

בורגנין בבבל לא דשכיחי בידקי פסי ביראות בחו"ל לא דלא שכיחי מתיבתא אבל איפכא עבדינן

Others say that R'Jeremiah B'Abba laid this down in the name of Rab: [The laws of] isolated huts and strips [of wood] around wells are not [applicable] either to Babylon or to other countries outside the Land of Israel. [The law of] isolated huts [is inapplicable] to Babylon because the bursting of dams is of frequent occurrence. In other countries outside the Land of Israel also it is not [applicable] because there thieves<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who steal the huts.');">¹⁵</span>

א"ד אמר רב ירמיה בר אבא אמר רב אין בורגנין ופסי ביראות לא בבבל ולא בחו"ל בורגנין בבבל לא דשכיחי בידקי בחו"ל נמי לא דשכיחי גנבי

are common. [The law of] strips [of wood] around wells is not [applicable] to Babylon because it has water in abundance.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And there is no need, as in the case of Palestine where water is scarce, to make provision for the use of the limited number of scattered wells or cisterns.');">¹⁶</span> In [other countries] outside the Land of Israel also it is not [applicable] because there college are rare.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And no students, therefore, pass from town to town in pursuit of their studies. As the relaxation of the laws of a private domain in respect of enclosures around wells is entirely due to considerations of the needs of festival pilgrims and other wayfarers who are similarly engaged in the performance of pious acts, it could not be extended in the interests of ordinary travellers.');">¹³</span>

פסי ביראות בבבל לא דשכיחי מיא בחוץ לארץ נמי לא דלא שכיחי מתיבתא

Said R'Hisda to Mari son of R'Huna the son of R'Jeremiah B'Abba: People say that you walk on the Sabbath from Barnish to Daniel's Synagogue<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. Daniel VI, 10, 11. This synagogue was situated in Sura, v. Obermeyer, p. 302.');">¹⁷</span> which is [a distance of] three parasangs; what do you rely upon?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In walking a distance more than two thousand cubits from the town (the permitted Sabbath limit) .');">¹⁸</span> On the isolated huts?

א"ל רב חסדא למרי בריה דרב הונא בריה דרב ירמיה בר אבא אמרי אתיתו מברנש לבי כנישתא דדניאל דהוה תלתא פרסי בשבתא אמאי סמכיתו אבורגנין הא אמר אבוה דאבוה משמיה דרב אין בורגנין בבבל

But did not the father of your father lay down in the name of Rab [that the law of] isolated huts is not [applicable] to Babylon? - The other, thereupon, went out [with him and] showed him certain [ruined] settlements that were contained within the radius of seventy cubits and a fraction<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'and remnants', Sc. two thirds of a cubit (cf. infra 57a) . Ruins in the neighbourhood of a town within the limit mentioned are regarded as an extension of the town (cf. infra 55b) .');">¹⁹</span> [from the town]. R'Hisda stated: Mari B'Mar made the following exposition: It is written,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'what (is the significance of that) which is written'.');">²⁰</span>

נפק ואחוי ליה הנהו מתוותא דמבלען בשבעים אמה ושיריים:

I have seen an end to every purpose; but Thy commandment is exceeding broad.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ps. CXIX, 96.');">²¹</span> This statement<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On the magnitude of God's commandment, sc. the Torah.');">²²</span> was made by David but he did not explain it;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the exact measurements.');">²³</span>

אמר רב חסדא דריש מרי בר מר מאי דכתיב (תהלים קיט, צו) לכל תכלה ראיתי קץ רחבה מצותך מאד דבר זה אמרו דוד ולא פירשו אמרו איוב ולא פירשו אמרו יחזקאל ולא פירשו עד שבא זכריה בן עדו ופירשו

Job made a similar statement<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'said it'.');">²⁴</span> and did not explain it;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the exact measurements.');">²³</span> Ezekiel also made a similar statement<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'said it'.');">²⁴</span>

אמרו דוד ולא פירשו דכתיב לכל תכלה ראיתי קץ רחבה מצותך מאד אמרו איוב ולא פירשו דכתיב (איוב יא, ט) ארוכה מארץ מדה ורחבה מני ים

and did not explain it,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the exact measurements.');">²³</span> [and the exact magnitude remained unknown] until Zechariah the son of Iddo came and explained it.' It was made by David but he did not explain it' for it is written in Scripture: I have seen a end to every purpose; but Thy commandment is exceeding broad.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ps. CXIX, 96.');">²¹</span>

אמרו יחזקאל ולא פירשו דכתיב (יחזקאל ב, י) ויפרש אותה לפני והיא כתובה פנים ואחור וכתוב אליה קינים והגה והי

'Job made a similar statement and did not explain it,' for it is written in Scripture: The measure thereof is longer than the earth, and broader than the sea.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Job XI, 9.');">²⁵</span> 'Ezekiel also made a similar statement and did not explain it', for it is written in Scripture: And spread it<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A scroll of the Oral Law.');">²⁶</span> before me, and it was written within and without; and there was written therein lamentations, and meditation of joy<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So homiletically. E.V. moaning.');">²⁷</span>

קינים זו פורענותן של צדיקים בעולם הזה וכן הוא אומר (יחזקאל לב, טז) קינה היא וקוננוה והגה זו מתן שכרן של צדיקים לעתיד לבא וכה"א (תהלים צב, ד) עלי הגיון בכנור והי זו היא פורענותן של רשעים לעתיד לבא וכן הוא אומר (יחזקאל ז, כו) הוה על הוה תבא

and woe;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ezek. 11, 10.');">²⁸</span> 'lamentation' refers to the retribution of the just in this world, for so<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That 'lamentation' is an allusion to retribution.');">²⁹</span> it is said: This is the lamentation wherewith they shall lament;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ezek. XXXII, 16.');">³⁰</span>

עד שבא זכריה בן עדו ופירשו דכתיב (זכריה ה, ב) ויאמר אלי מה אתה רואה ואומר אני רואה מגילה עפה ארכה עשרים באמה ורחבה עשר באמה וכי פשטת לה הויא לה עשרין בעשרין וכתיב היא כתובה פנים ואחור וכי קלפת לה כמה הויא לה ארבעין בעשרין

'and meditation of joy' refers to the reward of the righteous in the hereafter for so it is said: With the joy<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Homiletical rendering.');">³¹</span> of solemn sound upon the harp;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ps. XCII, 4. hvu');">³²</span> 'and woe'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' . vuv hvu');">³³</span>

וכתיב (ישעיהו מ, יב) מי מדד בשעלו מים ושמים בזרת תכן וגו' נמצא כל העולם כולו אחד משלשת אלפים ומאתים בתורה

refers to the retribution of the wicked in the hereafter for so it is said: Calamity<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' , of the same rt. as .');">³⁴</span> shall come upon calamity;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ezek. VII, 26.');">³⁵</span> 'until Zechariah the son of Iddo came and explained it,' for it is written: And he said unto me: 'What seest thou? ' And I answered: 'I see a folded<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So homiletically. E.V., flying.');">³⁶</span>

ואמר רב חסדא דריש מרי בר מר מאי דכתיב (ירמיהו כד, א) והנה שני דודאי תאנים מועדים לפני היכל ה' הדוד (ה) אחד תאנים טובות מאד כתאני

roll; the length thereof is twenty cubits, and the breadth thereof ten cubits',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Zech. V, 2.');">³⁷</span> and, when you unfolded it, [its extent] is twenty by twenty [cubits], and since it is written: 'It was written within and without',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ezek. 11,10.');">³⁸</span> what will be [its size] when you split it?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And place the written surfaces face upwards side by side.');">³⁹</span> Forty by twenty cubits.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which equal 40 X 20 X 4 = 3200 quarter sq. cubits or sq. spans (v. infra n. 5) .');">⁴⁰</span> But, as it is written: Who hath measured the waters in the hollow of his hand, and meted out heaven with the span<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Isa. XL, 12.');">⁴¹</span> etc. , it follows<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As a span equals half a cubit and as a sq. span consequently equals a quarter of sq. cubit, and since the size of the entire universe is only one span sq.');">⁴²</span> that the entire universe is [equal to] a three thousand and two hundredths part of the Torah.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. supra n. 3.');">⁴³</span> R'Hisda further stated: Mari B'Mar made this exposition: What [is the significance] of the Scriptural text And behold two baskets of figs set before the temple of the Lord;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Jer. XXIV, 1.');">⁴⁴</span> one basket had very good figs, like the figs