Gittin 152

ואינה מגורשת

and not divorced?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The condition not having been broken, the Get is valid to the extent that she may not eat terumah. The condition having been broken, the Get is invalid and she cannot marry again on the strength of it. ');">¹</span>

אמר אביי תרי תנאי קאמר לה אי מטינא לגליל לאלתר ליהוי גיטא ואי משתהינא באורחא תלתין יומין ולא אתינא ליהוי גיטא הגיע לאנטיפרס וחזר דלא לגליל מטא ולא אישתהויי נמי אשתהי תלתין יומין בטל תנאו:

— Abaye replied: [We suppose that] he makes two conditions with her, thus: If I reach Galilee, this will be a Get at once, and also if I remain on the road thirty days and do not return it will be a Get. If then he reached Antipras and came back, so that he did not get to Galilee nor did he remain on the road thirty days, his condition has been broken.

הרי זה גיטך אם לא באתי מכאן ועד שלשים יום כו': למימרא דעכו במדינת הים קיימא והא אמר רב ספרא כי הוו מיפטרי רבנן מהדדי בעכו הוו מפטרי משום דאסור לצאת מארץ לחוצה לארץ

HERE IS YOUR GET ON CONDITION THAT I DO NOT RETURN WITHIN THIRTY DAYS [AND HE GOT AS FAR AS ACCO]. This would imply that Acco is in foreign parts.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 7b. ');">²</span>

אמר אביי תרי תנאי קאמר לה אי מטינא למדינת הים לאלתר ליהוי גיטא אי משתהינא באורחא תלתין יומין ולא אתינא ליהוי גיטא הגיע לעכו וחזר דלא למדינת הים מטא ולא אישתהויי נמי אשתהי תלתין יומין בטל תנאו:

But how can this be, seeing that R. Safra has said: When the Rabbis took leave of one another,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., those who came from abroad to study were escorted by those of Palestine as far as Acre. ');">³</span>

ה"ז גיטך כל זמן שאעבור וכו': והא לא עבר אמר רב הונא מאי פניך תשמיש ואמאי קרי ליה פניך לישנא מעליא נקט

they did so in Acco, because it is forbidden for those who live in Eretz Yisrael to go out of it? — Abaye replied: He made two conditions with her, thus: If I reach foreign parts, this will be a Get at once, and if I remain on the road and do not return within thirty days it will be a Get. If he got as far as Acco and returned, so that he neither reached foreign parts nor remained on the road thirty days, his condition is broken.

ורבי יוחנן אמר לעולם פניך ממש מי קתני הרי זו מגורשת ה"ז גט קתני דלא הוי גט ישן ולכי מלו תלתין יומי הוי גיטא

HERE IS YOUR GET SO SOON AS I SHALL KEEP AWAY etc. But he does not keep away?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since it says, IF HE CAME AND WENT etc. ');">⁴</span>

תניא כוותיה דר' יוחנן ה"ז גיטך כל זמן שאעבור מנגד פניך שלשים יום והיה הולך ובא הולך ובא הואיל ולא נתייחד עמה ה"ז גט ולגט ישן אין חוששין שהרי לא נתייחד עמה

— R. Huna replied: What is meant by 'PRESENCE here? Marital intercourse. And why is it called PRESENCE'? A polite expression is used. R. Johanan, however, said: The word 'PRESENCE is to be taken literally. For it does not say that [if he comes and goes] she is divorced, but 'THE GET IS VALID', that is to Say, it does not become an 'old' Get<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A Get is called 'old' if after it was written the husband and wife were closeted together. Such a Get is invalid. V. infra 79b. ');">⁵</span>

וליחוש שמא פייס אמר רבה בר רב הונא הכי אמר אבא מרי משמי דרב באומר נאמנת עלי לומר שלא באתי

and when thirty days have passed [without his seeing her] it is a valid Get. It has been taught in accordance with R. Johanan: '[If he says,] Here is your Get so soon as I shall keep away from your presence thirty days, even though he was constantly coming and going, so long as he was not closeted with her the Get is valid, and we have no fear of its being an 'old' Get, since he was not closeted with her.' But is there not the possibility that he made it up with her?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And so after divorcing her he may bring a charge that he was closeted with her in this period. ');">⁶</span>

איכא דמתני לה אמתניתין מעכשיו אם לא באתי מכאן ועד י"ב חדש ומת בתוך י"ב חדש ה"ז גט וליחוש שמא פייס אמר רבה בר רב הונא הכי אמר אבא מרי משמיה דרב באומר נאמנת עלי לומר שלא באתי

— Rabbah son of R. Huna replied: Thus said my father, my teacher, in the name of Rab: This rule applies where he gives an undertaking<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' At the time of making the condition. ');">⁷</span>

מאן דמתני לה אמתני' כל שכן אברייתא

that he will accept her word if she says he did not come [to her]. Some attach this statement to the Mishnah,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Infra. ');">⁸</span>

מאן דמתני לה אברייתא אבל אמתני' הא לא אתא:

thus: [If a man says, this is your Get] from now if I do not return within twelve months, and he died within the twelve months, the Get is valid. But is there not the possibility that he made it up with her? Rabbah son of R. Huna replied: Thus said my father, my teacher in the name of Rab: The rule applies where he gives an undertaking that he will accept her word if she says that he did not come to her. Those who attach this statement to the Mishnah would without question attach it to the Baraitha<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For since we see him coming and going, the undertaking is all the more necessary. ');">⁹</span>

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> ה"ז גיטך אם לא באתי מכאן ועד י"ב חדש ומת בתוך י"ב חדש אינו גט

also. But those who attach it to the Baraitha might hesitate to attach it to the Mishnah, because [as far as we know] he has not come to see her.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And therefore perhaps the undertaking is not necessary. ');">¹⁰</span>

ה"ז גיטך מעכשיו אם לא באתי מכאן ועד י"ב חדש ומת בתוך י"ב חדש ה"ז גט

<b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. [IF A MAN SAYS,] THIS IS YOUR GET IF I DO NOT RETURN WITHIN TWELVE MONTHS, AND HE DIES WITHIN TWELVE MONTHS, IT IS NO GET.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the levirate law still applies to her if the husband dies without issue. ');">¹¹</span>

אם לא באתי מכאן ועד י"ב חדש כתבו ותנו גט לאשתי כתבו גט בתוך י"ב חדש ונתנו לאחר י"ב חדש אינו גט

[IF HE SAYS,] THIS IS YOUR GET FROM NOW IF I DO NOT RETURN WITHIN TWELVE MONTHS, AND HE DIES WITHIN TWELVE MONTHS, IT IS A GET. [IF HE SAYS,] IF I DO NOT COME WITHIN TWELVE MONTHS, WRITE A GET AND GIVE IT TO MY WIFE, AND THEY WROTE A GET BEFORE TWELVE MONTHS HAD PASSED AND GAVE IT AFTER, IT IS NO GET. [IF HE SAID,] WRITE A GET AND GIVE IT TO MY WIFE IF I DO NOT COME WITHIN TWELVE MONTHS, AND THEY WROTE IT BEFORE THE TWELVE MONTHS HAD PASSED AND GAVE IT AFTER, IT IS NO GET. R. JOSE, HOWEVER, SAYS THAT A GET LIKE THAT IS VALID.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The reason is given in the Gemara. ');">¹²</span>

כתבו ותנו גט לאשתי אם לא באתי מכאן עד י"ב חדש כתבו בתוך י"ב חדש ונתנו לאחר י"ב חדש אינו גט רבי יוסי אומר כזה גט

IF THEY WROTE IT AFTER TWELVE MONTHS AND DELIVERED IT AFTER TWELVE MONTHS AND HE DIED, IF THE DELIVERY OF THE GET PRECEDED HIS DEATH THE GET IS VALID, BUT IF HIS DEATH PRECEDED THE DELIVERY OF THE GET IT IS NOT VALID. IF IT IS NOT KNOWN WHICH WAS FIRST, THE WOMAN IS IN THE CONDITION KNOWN AS 'DIVORCED AND NOT DIVORCED'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' v. supra. ');">¹³</span>

כתבו לאחר י"ב חדש ונתנו לאחר י"ב חדש ומת אם הגט קודם למיתה ה"ז גט ואם מיתה קדמה לגט אינו גט ואם אין ידוע זו היא שאמרו מגורשת ואינה מגורשת:

<b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. A Tanna taught: 'Our Rabbis allowed her to marry'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Even though he did not say 'from now', since it is understood that he meant this. ');">¹⁴</span>

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> תנא רבותינו התירוה לינשא

Who are meant by 'our Rabbis'? — Rab Judah said in the name of Samuel: The <i>Beth din</i> which permitted the oil [of heathens].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 72b. ');">¹⁵</span>

מאן רבותינו אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל בי דינא דשרו מישחא סברי לה כרבי יוסי דאמר זמנו של שטר מוכיח עליו

They concurred with R. Jose, who said that the date of the document is sufficient indication.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 72a. ');">¹⁶</span>

א"ר אבא בריה דרבי חייא בר אבא א"ר יוחנן ר' יהודה נשיאה בנו של ר"ג בר רבי הורה ולא הודו לו כל סיעתו ואמרי לה כל שעתו

R. Abba the son of R. Hiyya bar Abba said in the name of R. Johanan: R. Judah the Prince, the son of Rabban Gamaliel the son of Rabbi, gave this ruling, but none of his colleagues [saya'to] agreed with him, or, as others report, [his ruling did not find acceptance] during the whole of his life [sha'ato].

א"ל ר' אלעזר לההוא סבא כי שריתוה לאלתר שריתוה או לאחר שנים עשר חדש שריתוה לאלתר שריתוה דהא לא אתי או דלמא לאחר י"ב חדש שריתוה דהא איקיים ליה תנאו

R. Eleazar asked a certain elder [who had been present there]: When you permitted her to marry, did you permit her to do so at once,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As soon as the death of the husband was announced. ');">¹⁷</span>

ותיבעי ליה מתניתין מעכשיו אם לא באתי מכאן ועד י"ב חדש ומת בתוך י"ב חדש הרי זה גט לאלתר הוי דהא לא אתי או דלמא לאחר י"ב חדש דהא איקיים ליה תנאיה אין הכי נמי ומשום דהוה בההוא מעשה

or after twelve months?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., had she to wait twelve months to he free from the levirate obligation. ');">¹⁸</span>

אמר אביי הכל מודים היכא דאמר לכשתצא חמה מנרתיקה

Did you permit it at once, since there is no chance of his coming again, or did you permit it only after twelve months, when his condition would be fulfilled? — But should not this question be attached to the Mishnah: [IF HE SAYS, THIS IS YOUR GET] FROM NOW IF I DO NOT COME WITHIN TWELVE MONTHS, AND HE DIED WITHIN TWELVE MONTHS, THIS IS A GET: would it be a Get at once, seeing that he will not come again, or only after twelve months when his condition will have been fulfilled? — Indeed it might have been, but it was put in this way because he [the old man] asked had been present on that occasion.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [When the vote was taken to grant her permission to remarry; v. A.Z. 37a.] ');">¹⁹</span> Abaye said: All are agreed that if he Says, 'When the sun issues from its sheath'