Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Ketubot 197

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1

הא מדסיפא בדאוזיל הוי רישא בדלא אוזיל דקתני סיפא היתה כתובתה ארבע מאות זוז מכרה לזה במנה ולזה במנה ולאחרון יפה מנה ודינר במנה של אחרון מכרה בטל ושל כולן מכרן קיים

But since the final clause [deals with a case] where [she sold] at a lower price, [would not] the earlier clause [refer to one] where [she did] not [sell] at a lower price, for has [it not] been stated in the final clause, If her ketubah was four hundred zuz and she sold [land] to [three] persons, to each for one maneh, and to a fourth [she sold] what was worth a maneh and a denar for one maneh, [the sale] to the last person is void but [the sale] to all the others are valid?

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2

לא רישא וסיפא בדאוזיל וסיפא הא קא משמע לן טעמא דאוזיל בדיתמי אבל בדידה מכרה קיים

No, both the earlier and the final clause [refer to a sale] at a lower price, and the final clause teaches us the following: The reason [why her sale is void is] because [she sold] at a lower price [property] that belonged to the orphans, but [if she had sold] her own property, her sale is valid.

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3

הא מדרישא שמעת מינה היתה כתובתה מאתים ומכרה שוה מנה במאתים או שוה מאתים במנה נתקבלה כתובתה

But is not this already inferred from the first clause: If a widow whose ketubah was two hundred zuz sold [land] worth a maneh for two hundred zuz or [land] worth two hundred zuz for one maneh, she has received her ketubah?

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4

מהו דתימא התם הוא דאיסתלקא לה מהאי ביתא לגמרי אבל הכא ניגזור מנה ראשון אטו מנה אחרון קא משמע לן

What might I have said? There because [by her one act] she completely severed her connection with that house, but here [the sale for] the first maneh should be disqualified because the sale of the last maneh is invalid, therefore it teaches us that it is not.

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5

ואיכא דאמרי הא לא תיבעי לך היכא דאמר ליה זיל זבין לי ליתכא וזבין ליה כורא דודאי מוסיף על דבריו הוי

There are those who say: This, you did not need to ask [for a ruling], where [he said to his agent,] “Go and sell for me a letekh” and [the latter] sold for him a kor, since [in this case the agent] was undoubtedly adding to his instructions.

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6

כי תיבעי לך דאמר ליה זיל זבין לי כורא ואזיל וזבין ליה ליתכא מאי מי אמרינן א"ל דטבא לך עבדי לך דאי לא מצטרכי לך זוזי לא מצית הדרת ביה

If you have a question, it is where he said to the agent, “Go and sell for me a kor” and he sold for him only one letekh. Do we [in such a case] say that [the agent] might tell the man, “I have done what is good for you, for [had I sold the full kor, and] you were no longer in need of money you could not have retracted,”

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7

או דלמא אמר ליה לא ניחא לי דליפשו שטרי עילואי

or perhaps [the owner] could say to him, “I do not want so many documents held against me.”

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8

אמר רבי חנינא מסורא תא שמע נתן לו דינר של זהב ואמר לו הבא לי חלוק והלך והביא לו בשלש חלוק ובשלש טלית שניהם מעלו

R. Hanina of Sura said: Come and hear: If one gave to another a gold denar and told him, “Bring me a shirt,” and the other brought him a shirt for three sela's and a cloak for three sela's, both are guilty of trespass.

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9

אי אמרת בשלמא שליח כי האי גוונא עושה שליחותו ומוסיף על דבריו הוי משום הכי בעל הבית מעל אלא אי אמרת מעביר על דבריו הוי אמאי מעל

Now if you say that an agent in similar circumstances has performed his mission and was only adding to his instructions, one can well see why the owner is guilty of trespass. But if you say that [the agent in such circumstances] was transgressing his instructions, why should [the owner] be guilty of trespass?

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10

הכא במאי עסקינן דאייתי ליה שוה שש בשלש

Here we are dealing with a case where [the agent] brought him [a shirt that was] worth six sela's for three

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11

אי הכי שליח אמאי מעל אטלית

If so why should the agent be guilty of trespass? On account of the cloak.

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12

אי הכי אימא סיפא רבי יהודה אומר אף בזה בעל הבית לא מעל מפני שיכול לומר חלוק גדול הייתי מבקש ואתה הבאת לי חלוק קטן ורע

But if that were so, read the final clause: R. Judah says, Even in this case the owner is not guilty of trespass because he might say [to the agent,] “I wanted a big shirt and you brought me one that is small and bad.”

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13

מאי רע רע בדמים דאמר ליה אי אייתית לי בשית כל שכן דהוה שוה תרתי סרי

What does “bad” mean? “Bad in respect of the price,” for [the owner can] tell him, “Had you brought me one for six sela's [my gain would have been] even greater since it would have been worth twelve sela's.”

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14

דיקא נמי דקתני מודה רבי יהודה בקטנית ששניהם מעלו

R. Judah admits [that if the transaction was] This may also be proved by a precise reading, for it taught:

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