Ketubot 85
במאי קא מיפלגי א"ר פפא ר"ש סבר לא שביק איניש מידי דקיץ ותבע מידי דלא קיץ ורבנן סברי לא שביק איניש מידי דכי מודי ביה לא מיפטר ותבע מידי דכי מודה ביה מיפטר
What are they arguing about? Papa said: R. Shimon holds that a man would not leave that which is fixed to claim that which is not fixed, while the Rabbis hold that no man would leave a claim from which [the defendant] could not be exempt even if he made a voluntary admission and advance a claim from which he would be exempt if he made a voluntary admission.
במקום אב קיימי מה התם מעשה ידיה לאב ה"נ מעשה ידיה לאחין או דלמא לא דמי לאב התם מדידיה מיתזנא הכא לאו מדידהו מיתזנא
Are they in place of her father and as in that case her handiwork belongs to her father so here also it belongs to her brothers; or are they not similar to the father, for in that case she is maintained out of his own estate but here she is not maintained out of their estate?
למימרא דבתו עדיפא ליה מאלמנתו והאמר רבי אבא א"ר יוסי עשו אלמנה אצל הבת כבת אצל אחין בנכסין מועטין
That is to say that a man’s daughter is preferable to him than his widow? But did not R. Abba said in the name of R. Yose: They made a widow and her daughter like a daughter and her brothers in the case of a small estate: just as in the case of the relationship between a daughter and her brothers, the daughter is maintained while the brothers can go begging at [people’s] doors, so also in the case of the relationship between a widow and her daughter, the widow is maintained and the daughter can go begging at [people’s] doors.
מה הבת אצל אחין הבת ניזונת והאחין ישאלו על הפתחים אף אלמנה אצל הבת אלמנה ניזונת והבת תשאל על הפתחים לענין זילותא אלמנתו עדיפא ליה לענין הרווחה בתו עדיפא ליה
With regard to degradation a man gives preference to his widow; with regards to expansive maintenance he gives preference to his daughter.
מתיב רב יוסף מעשה ידיה ומציאתה אע"פ שלא גבתה מת האב הרי הן של אחין טעמא דבחיי האב הא לאחר מיתת האב לעצמה מאי לאו בניזונת לא בשאינה ניזונת
Joseph objected: Her handiwork and anything she finds, even if she has not collected [the proceeds], if her father dies, belong to her brothers. The reason then is that [they originated during] the lifetime of their father, but [if they originated] after his death [they would belong] to her. Does not [this refer to a daughter] who is maintained? No; [this refers to a case] where she is not being maintained.
אי בשאינה ניזונת מאי למימרא אפילו למ"ד יכול הרב לומר לעבד עשה עמי ואיני זנך ה"מ בעבד כנעני דלא כתיב ביה עמך
If she is not being maintained, why does this even need to be stated? Even according to the who ruled that a master can say to his slave, “Work with me and I will not maintain you” the ruling applies only to a Canaanite slave concerning whom “With you” was not written,
אמר רבה בר עולא לא נצרכה אלא להעדפה אמר רבא גברא רבה כרב יוסף לא ידע דאיכא העדפה וקמותיב תיובתא
Rabbah b. Ulla replied: It was only required in the case of a surplus. Rava said: Did not such a great man as R. Joseph know that [sometimes there may] be a surplus and he still raised an objection?
אלא אמר רבא רב יוסף מתני' גופא קשיא ליה דקתני מעשה ידיה ומציאתה אע"פ שלא גבתה מציאתה ממאן גביא
Rather Rava said: To R. Joseph the mishnah itself was difficult. For it was stated, “her handiwork and anything she finds, even if she has not collected [the proceeds]”; but from whom [it may be asked] is she to collect anything she finds?
אלא לאו הכי קאמר מעשה ידיה כמציאתה מה מציאתה בחיי האב לאב לאחר מיתת האב לעצמה אף מעשה ידיה נמי בחיי האב לאב לאחר מיתת האב לעצמה ש"מ
Rather this is what it means: Her handiwork is like anything she finds; just as anything she finds while her father is alive it belongs to her father and after his death it belongs to her, so too her handiwork—while her father is alive it belongs to her father, after his death it belongs to her . Thus it may be concluded [that R. Sheshet is refuted].
איתמר נמי א"ר יהודה אמר רב בת הניזונת מן האחין מעשה ידיה לעצמה אמר רב כהנא מ"ט דכתיב (ויקרא כה, מו) והתנחלתם אותם לבניכם אחריכם אותם לבניכם ולא בנותיכם לבניכם מגיד שאין אדם מוריש זכות בתו לבנו
It was also stated: Rav Judah said in the name of Rav: A daughter who is maintained by her brothers, her handiwork belongs to herself. Kahana said: What is the reason? Because it is written, “And you shall give them as an inheritance to your sons after you,” (Leviticus 25:46) “them as an inheritance to your sons,” but not your daughters to your sons. This teaches that a man does not bequeath as an inheritance the rights he receives from his daughter to his son.
מתקיף לה רבה ואימא בפיתוי הבת וקנסות וחבלות הכתוב מדבר וכן תנא רב חנינא בפתוי הבת וקנסות וחבלות הכתוב מדבר
Rabbah raised an objection: Say that it refers to [payments in connection with] the seduction of one’s daughter, fines and personal injury! And so did R. Hanina teach: The verse speaks of [payments in connection with] the seduction of one’s daughter, fines and personal injury!