Makkot 7

less than a kortov, that fell in a kortov of wine and looks like wine, and that fell in a mikvah, the mikvah is not disqualified. So too if three logs minus a kortov fell in a kortov of milk and looks like water, and that fell in a mikvah, the mikvah is not disqualified.

R' Yochanan ben Nuri says, everything depends on how it looks.

This is what R' Papa came to solve, R' Papa asked [whether] Rav learnt one kortov minus three logs in the first clause [of the Mishnah] then a Tanna who holds this, holds the mikvah is ineffectual and R' Yochanan came to say, 'everything goes by it's appearance', and Rav says like R' Yochanan b. Nuri.

Or alternatively, Rav did not learn [anything] missing from the kortov in the first clause [of the Mishnah] and when R' Yochanan b. Nuri disagreed, he disagreed only the last clause,

and Rav says like the majority.

R' Papa was doubtful, Rava was certain.

R' Yosef said, I never heard this. Abaye said to him, You told us and this is how you told us, that Rav did not learn [anything] missing from a kortov in the first clause, R' Yochanan disagreed only the last clause and Rav says like the majority.

R' Yehudah said in the name of Rav, a barrel full of water that falls into the Mediterranean Sea and someone immerses, it is not considered valid because we are afraid three logs of water are in one place and this applies specifically to the Sea, which is stationary, but does not generally apply to rivers.

It is also taught, a barrel full of wine that falls into the Mediterranean Sea and someone immerses, it is not considered valid because we are afraid three logs (of wine) are in one place likewise if a holy loaf of bread fell there it is impure.

What is the need for this 'likewise'? I would think there the person keeps his ritual status, here too the holy bread keeps it's status.

MISHNAH: Witnesses testify this person owes his friend two hundred zuz and they are found to be false, they are lashed and made to pay because the category of lashes is not of payment. These are the words of R' Meir, and the Rabbis say everyone who pays does not receive lashes.

Witnesses testify this person should get forty lashes and are found to be false are lashed eighty times, for 'do not bear false witness' and for 'and you shall do unto him as he wished to do'. These are the words of R' Meir, and the Rabbis say they are only lashed forty times. GEMARA: