Menachot 177

וליעבד זהב כל דהו קא משמע לן:

and therefore it may be made of any kind of gold; the verse therefore teaches us [that it, too, must be of pure gold]. A HALF-LOG OF OIL FOR THE THANK-OFFERING.

חצי לוג שמן לתודה:

It was taught: R'Akiba says, Why is the expression 'with oil' stated twice?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. VII, 12 with reference to the various cakes offered with the thank-offering.');">¹</span> Had the verse stated 'with oil' once only, I should have said that it<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the thank-offering.');">²</span>

תניא רבי עקיבא אומר מה תלמוד לומר בשמן בשמן שני פעמים אילו לא נאמר אלא בשמן אחד הייתי אומר הרי הוא ככל המנחות ללוג עכשיו שכתב בשמן בשמן הוי ריבוי אחר. ריבוי ואין ריבוי אחר ריבוי אלא למעט מיעטו הכתוב לחצי לוג

was like all other meal-offerings in respect of the log of oil; but now that 'with oil' is stated twice, there is here an amplification following an amplification, and whenever an amplification follows an amplification it implies limitation. Thus the verse has [impliedly] reduced [the quantity of oil] to a half-log.

ריבוי אחר ריבוי חד ריבוי הוא

But is there here an amplification following another amplification? There is only one amplification here!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the words 'with oil' stated the first time are essential to teach that oil is required.');">³</span>

אלא אילו לא נאמר בשמן כל עיקר הייתי אומר הרי הוא ככל המנחות ללוג עכשיו שנאמר בשמן בשמן הוי ריבוי אחר ריבוי ואין ריבוי אחר ריבוי אלא למעט מיעטו הכתוב לחצי לוג

- Rather the argument is this: Had not the verse stated 'with oil' at all, I should have said that it was like all other meal-offerings in respect of the log of oil;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since we know of no meal-offering consisting of cakes and wafers that is brought without oil.');">⁴</span> but now that 'with oil' is stated twice, there is here an amplification following an amplification.

יכול יהא חצי לוג זה מתחלק לשלשת מינין לחלות ולרקיקין ולרביכה כשהוא אומר בשמן ברביכה שאין תלמוד לאמר ריבה שמן לרביכה הא כיצד מביא חצי לוג שמן וחוציהו [חציו] לחלות ולרקיקין וחציו לרביכה

and whenever an amplification follows another amplification it implies limitation. Thus the verse has reduced [the quantity of oil] to a half-log.

אמר לו ר' אלעזר בן עזריה עקיבא אם אתה מרבה כל היום כולו בשמן בשמן איני שומע לך אלא חצי לוג שמן לתודה ורביעית שמן לנזיר ואחד עשר יום שבין נדה לנדה הלכה למשה מסיני:

I might think that this half-log of oil was to be divided equally among the three kinds of cakes,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The leavened cakes of the thank-offering required no oil.');">⁵</span> namely the cakes, the wafers, and the soaked cakes; but since the verse stated 'with oil' with the soaked cakes, which was quite unnecessary,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For from Lev. VI, 14 we already learn that soaked cakes required oil. vchz');">⁶</span>

בלוג היה מודד:

it thereby increased the quantity of oil for the soaked cakes. How then [was it divided]?

תנו רבנן מצורע עני כתיב (ויקרא יד, כא) עשרון בלול ולוג לימד על עשרון שטעון לוג דברי חכמים

A half-log of oil was to be brought and divided into halves, one half to be used for the cakes and wafers and the other half for the soaked cakes. Thereupon R'Eleazar B'Azariah rejoined.

רבי נחמיה ורבי אליעזר אומרים אפילו מנחה של ששים עשרונים אין לה אלא לוגה שנאמר (ויקרא יד, כא) למנחה ולוג שמן

Akiba, even though you repeat the word 'with oil' the whole day long I shall not listen to you; but [the fact is that] the half-log of oil of the thank-offering, quarter-log of oil of the Nazirite, and the eleven days between two periods of menstruation,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Any discharge of blood during these intervening eleven days is deemed a flux () , and under no circumstances can it be accounted as vshb menstrual blood () . For full details v. Nid. ');">⁷</span> are laws delivered to Moses on Sinai.

ורבי נחמיה ור' אליעזר (בן יעקב) האי עשרון בלול ולוג מאי עבדי ליה ההוא לגופיה דקא אמר רחמנא לייתי חד עשרון

WITH THE LOG ONE MEASURED [THE OIL FOR ALL MEAL-OFFERINGS]. Our Rabbis taught: It is written,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cur. edd. insert. here: 'with reference to the offering of a leper of poor means. This is clearly an explanatory gloss and is omitted in all MSS.');">⁸</span>

ואידך לגופיה לא צריך מדגלי רחמנא גבי מצורע ג' קרבנות וג' עשרונות הכא דחד קרבן חד עשרון

And one tenth [part of an ephah of fine flour] mingled [with oil for a meal-offering,] and a log [of oil].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XIV, 21.');">⁹</span> This teaches that every tenth requires a log of oil.

ואידך איצטריך סלקא דעתך אמינא הואיל וחס רחמנא עליה לאתויי בדלות אימא לא ליבעי מינה כלל ואידך לגמרי לא אשכחן

So the Sages. But R'Nehemiah and R'Eliezer [b.

ורבנן האי למנחה ולוג שמן מאי עבדי ליה ההוא למתנדב מנחה שלא יפחות מדבר הטעון לוג ומאי ניהו עשרון ואידך תרתי שמעת מינה:

Jacob] say, Even a meal-offering of sixty tenths requires but one log, for it is said, For a meal-offering and a log of oil.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. No matter how large the meal-offering is only one log of oil is required.');">¹⁰</span> For what exposition do R'Nehemiah and R'Eliezer B'Jacob require the words 'And one tenth.

ששה לפר ארבעה לאיל שלשה לכבש: מנלן דכתיב (במדבר כח, יד) ונסכיהם חצי ההין יהיה לפר

mingled. and a log of oil'? - They require them for their own purpose; the Divine Law ordaining thereby that he must bring one tenth [for a meal-offering].

הין תריסר לוגי הויין דכתיב (שמות ל, כד) שמן זית הין וכתיב (שמות ל, לא) שמן משחת קדש יהיה זה לי לדורותיכם זה בגימטריא תריסר הויין:

And the others?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Sages. Do they not agree that these words of the verse are necessary for their own purpose; how then can they interpret the verse otherwise so as to derive their teaching that for every tenth one log of oil is required?');">¹¹</span> - They say that for that purpose no verse is required.

שלשה ומחצה למנורה חצי לוג לכל נר: מנא הני מילי דתנו רבנן (שמות כז, כא) מערב עד בקר תן לה מדתה שתהא דולקת והולכת מערב עד בקר דבר אחר מערב עד בקר אין לך עבודה שכשירה מערב עד בקר אלא זו בלבד ושיערו חכמים חצי לוג מאורתא ועד צפרא

for since the Divine Law ordained in the case of a leper of affluent means that he must bring three animal-offerings and three tenths [of flour for a meal-offering], here [in the case of a leper of poor means], since he brings but one animal-offering, only one tenth [is required for a meal-offering]. And the others?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Nehemiah and R. Eliezer b. Jacob.');">¹²</span>

איכא דאמרי מלמעלה למטה שיערו ואיכא דאמרי ממטה למעלה שיערו

- The verse is indeed necessary; for otherwise I might have said that, since the All Merciful has spared him expense by allowing him to bring a poor [man's] sacrifice, no meal-offering at all is to be brought! And the others?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Sages.');">¹³</span> - We do not find [they say] that he should be [exempt] entirely [from the offering].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Divine Law has reduced the number and cost of the offerings for a man of poor means, but by no means has it exempted him entirely therefrom.');">¹⁴</span>

מאן דאמר ממטה למעלה שיערו התורה חסה על ממונן של ישראל ומאן דאמר ממעלה למטה שיערו אין עניות במקום עשירות:

And for what exposition do the Rabbis require the words 'For a meal-offering and a log of oil'? - They need them to teach that whosoever makes a freewill-offering of a meal-offering shall bring nothing less than the quantity for which one log of oil is prescribed, and that is, on tenth. And the others?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Do not R. Nehemiah and R. Eliezer b. Jacob agree that the verse is required for this last teaching; how then can they interpret the verse otherwise so as to derive therefrom their ruling that only one log is required for the meal-offering, no matter how large it is?');">¹⁵</span>

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> מערבין נסכי פרים בנסכי אילים נסכי כבשים בנסכי כבשים של יחיד בשל ציבור

- Both teachings [they say] can be derived [from these words]. SIX [LOGS] WERE REQUIRED FOR A BULLOCK, FOUR FOR A RAM, AND THREE FOR A LAMB. How do we know this? Because it is written, And their drink-offerings shall be half a hin of wine for a bullock.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XXVIII, 14.');">¹⁶</span> And a hin has twelve logs, for it is written, And of olive oil a hin;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ex. XXX. 24. vz');">¹⁷</span> and it is also written, This [zeh] shall be holy anointing oil unto Me throughout your generations.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. 31. Heb. z v');">¹⁸</span> the numerical value of zeh being twelve.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' = 7 and = 5. Thus it is established that the hin consists of twelve logs, for the log is the smallest unit of liquid measure mentioned in the Torah (Rashi) .');">¹⁹</span> THREE LOGS AND A HALF FOR THE CANDLESTICK, A HALF-LOG FOR EACH LAMP. Whence is this derived? - Our Rabbis taught: [It is written.] To burn from evening to morning:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ex. XXVII, 21.');">²⁰</span> provide it with its requisite measure so that it may burn from evening to morning. Another interpretation: 'From evening to morning': you have no other service that is valid from evening to morning save this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the kindling of the lights.');">²¹</span> alone. And the Sages have calculated that a half-log of oil [will burn] from evening to morning. Some say that they calculated it by reducing [the original quantity of oil];<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'from above downwards'. They first filled each lamp with a large quantity of oil and on finding in the morning that the lamp was still alight and that there was still oil in the lamp, they gradually reduced the quantity until they arrived at a half-log. This measure was found to be sufficient for the longest night of the winter; in the summer a thicker wick was used so that the oil was consumed more quickly.');">²²</span> while others say that they calculated it by increasing it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'from below upwards'. They first filled the lamp with a small quantity of oil and on finding in the morning that it had burnt out, the next evening they increased the quantity of oil and so on until they arrived at the standard of the half-log.');">²³</span> Those who say that they calculated it by increasing [the quantity of oil adopt the principle that] the Torah has consideration for the money of Israel;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And to calculate by using the larger quantity of oil in the first instance entailed the waste of the oil that was still in the lamp by the morning.');">²⁴</span> and those who say that they calculated it by reducing it [adopt the principle that] there is no poverty in the place of wealth. <big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>ONE MAY MIX THE DRINK-OFFERINGS<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This term includes the meal-offering, i.e., the quantities of flour and oil, as well as the wine-offering. It is assumed for the present that the Mishnah is dealing with the meal-offerings.');">²⁵</span> OF BULLOCKS WITH THE DRINK-OFFERINGS OF RAMS,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the mixture of each meal-offering was of equal consistency, the meal-offering of the bullock consisting of three tenths flour and a half-hin (six logs) of oil, and that of a ram of two tenths flour and a third-hin (four logs) of oil, thus in each case there were two logs of oil to every tenth of flour. The meal-offering of a lamb, however, was of a thinner consistency, consisting of one tenth of flour and a quarter-hin (three logs) of oil.');">²⁶</span> OR THE DRINK-OFFERINGS OF LAMBS WITH THE DRINK-OFFERINGS OF OTHER LAMBS, OR THOSE OF AN INDIVIDUAL OFFERING WITH THOSE OF A COMMUNAL OFFERING,