Menachot 208

Chapter 208

אמיבעיאMyvyליLyמאיMyגבראGvrלשניLshnyפריםFrymקאKמכויןMkhvynועדVdדממליDmmlyלהוLhvלאLקרביKrvyאוVדלמאDlmלשניLshnyאיליםYlymוכבשVkhvshאחדKhdקמכוויןKmkhvvynתריTryמחדMkhdמינאMynוחדVkhdמחדMkhdמינאMynאמרינןMrynnאוVלאLמאיMyתיקו:Tykv:
1I am in doubt. How am I to regard it?
ב<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big><big><strong>mtny׳</strong></big>מתנדביןMtndvynייןYynואיןVynמתנדביןMtndvynשמןShmnדבריDvryרביRvyעקיבאKyvרביRvyטרפוןTrfvnאומרVmrמתנדביןMtndvynשמןShmn
2Shall I say that the man intended to offer the drink-offerings of two bullocks,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., twelve logs. sg');"><sup>1</sup></span> and therefore these may not be offered until this quantity has been made up?
גאמרMrרביRvyטרפוןTrfvnמהMhמצינוMtsynvבייןVyynשהואShhvבאVחובהKhvvhובאVvנדבהNdvhאףFשמןShmnשהואShhvבאVחובהKhvvhבאVנדבהNdvhאמרMrלוLvרביRvyעקיבאKyvלאLאםMאמרתMrtבייןVyynשכןShkhnקרבKrvעםMחובתוKhvvtvבפניVfnyעצמוTsmvתאמרTmrבשמןVshmnשאינוShynvקרבKrvעםMחובתוKhvvtvבפניVfnyעצמוTsmv
3Or [shall I rather say that] 'he intended to bring the drink-offerings of two rams and one lamb? [In other words, the question is:] Do we say that he meant to bring the drink-offerings corresponding to two quantities of one kind and one of the other or not?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the quantity is odd and unusual. V. Tosaf. ');"><sup>2</sup></span>
דאיןYnשניםShnymמתנדביןMtndvynעשרוןShrvnאחדKhdאבלVlמתנדביןMtndvynעולהVlhושלמיםVshlmymועוףVvfאפילוFylvפרידהFrydhאחת:Kht:
4The question remains unsolved. <big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>ONE MAY OFFER WINE<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By itself, without it being accompanied by a meal-offering of flour and oil. As for the manner in which wine was offered, v. Zeb. 91b.');"><sup>3</sup></span>
ה<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big><big><strong>gm׳</strong></big>אמרMrרבאRvמדבריMdvryשניהםShnyhmנלמודNlmvdמתנדבMtndvאדםDmמנחתMnkhtנסכיםNskhymבכלVkhlיוםYvm
5BUT NOT OIL. THIS IS THE OPINION OF R'AKIBA.
ופשיטאFshytמהוMhvדתימאDtymמנחתMnkhtנדבהNdvhגליGlyבהVhרחמנאRkhmnהניHnyחמשהKhmshhמנחותMnkhvtאיןYnטפיTfyלאLקאKמשמעMshmלןLnהניHnyמיליMylyבסתמאVstmאבלVlהיכאHykhדפרישDfryshפריש:Frysh:
6BUT R'TARFON SAYS, ONE MAY ALSO OFFER OIL.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A handful of the oil was taken and burnt upon the altar and the remainder was eaten by the priests.');"><sup>4</sup></span> R'TARFON SAID, AS WE FIND THAT WINE WHICH IS OFFERED AS AN OBLIGATION<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Viz., as the drink-offering which accompanied most animal-offerings.');"><sup>5</sup></span>
זאיןYnשניםShnymמתנדבין:Mtndvyn:מאיMyטעמאTmאילימאYlymמשוםMshvmדכתיבDkhtyv(ויקרא(vykrב,V,א))תקריבTkryvעולהVlhנמיNmyהאHכתיבKhtyv(ויקרא(vykrא,,ב)V)יקריבYkryv
7MAY BE OFFERED AS A FREEWILL-OFFERING,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. the exposition from the term 'home-born' supra p. 640.');"><sup>6</sup></span> SO OIL WHICH IS OFFERED AS AN OBLIGATION MAY BE OFFERED AS A FREEWILL-OFFERING.
חאלאLעולהVlhמאיMyטעמאTmדכתיבDkhtyv(במדבר(vmdvrכט,Kht,לט)Lt)לעולותיכםLvlvtykhmמנחהMnkhhנמיNmyהאHכתיבKhtyv(במדבר(vmdvrכט,Kht,לט)Lt)למנחותיכםLmnkhvtykhmאלאLמשוםMshvmדכתיבDkhtyvבהVh(ויקרא(vykrב,V,א))נפשNfsh
8R'AKIBA SAID TO HIM, NO, IF YOU SAY SO OF WINE IT IS BECAUSE IT IS OFFERED BY ITSELF EVEN WHEN OFFERED AS AN OBLIGATION;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the wine of the drink-offering was not mixed with anything, whereas the oil was mingled with the fine flour.');"><sup>7</sup></span> CAN YOU SAY THE SAME OF OIL WHICH IS NOT OFFERED BY ITSELF WHEN OFFERED AS AN OBLIGATION?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the wine of the drink-offering was not mixed with anything, whereas the oil was mingled with the fine flour.');"><sup>7</sup></span>
טתניאTnyנמיNmyהכיHkhyרביRvyאומרVmr(ויקרא(vykrכב,Khv,יח)Ykh)אשרShrיקריבYkryvקרבנוKrvnvלכלLkhlנדריהםNdryhmולכלVlkhlנדבותםNdvvtmאשרShrיקריבוYkryvvלה'Lh'הכלHkhlבאיןVynבשותפותVshvtfvtלאLסילקSylkהכתובHkhtvvאלאLמנחהMnkhhשנאמרShnmrנפשNfsh
9TWO [MEN] MAY NOT JOINTLY OFFER ONE TENTH; BUT THEY MAY JOINTLY OFFER A BURNT-OFFERING OR A PEACE-OFFERING, AND OF BIRDS EVEN A SINGLE BIRD. <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>Raba said, From the opinions of both we may infer that a man may offer every day the meal-offerings of the drink-offerings.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the meal-offering of fine flour mingled with oil and the offering of wine, which accompany most animal-offerings, may be brought at any time as an entire and separate offering even without an animal-offering. The dispute between R. Akiba and R. Tarfon refers only to the offering of oil by itself, but certainly not to the offering of oil which is part of the meal-offering of the drink-offerings.');"><sup>8</sup></span>
יאמרMrר'R'יצחקYtskhkמפניMfnyמהMhנשתניתNshtnytמנחהMnkhhשנאמרShnmrבהVhנפשNfshאמרMrהקדושHkdvshברוךVrvkhהואHvמיMyדרכוDrkhvלהביאLhvyמנחהMnkhhעניNyמעלהMlhאניNyעליוLyvכאילוKhylvהקריבHkryvנפשוNfshvלפניLfny
10But is not this obvious? [No,] for I might have thought that in regard to the freewill meal-offering the Divine Law has specified but five kinds of meal-offerings<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In Lev. II, the following five kinds of meal-offerings are described: (i) the meal-offering of fine flour, (ii) the meal-offering prepared on a griddle,');"><sup>9</sup></span>
יאאמרMrר'R'יצחקYtskhkמהMhנשתניתNshtnytמנחהMnkhhשנאמרShnmrבהVhחמשהKhmshhמיניMynyטיגוןTygvnהללוHllvמשלMshlלמלךLmlkhבשרVshrודםVdmשעשהShshhלוLvאוהבוVhvvסעודהSvdhויודעVyvdבוVvשהואShhvעניNyאמרMrלוLvעשהShhליLyמןMnחמשהKhmshhמיניMynyטיגוןTygvnכדיKhdyשאהנהShhnhממך:Mmkh:
11and no more; we are therefore taught that that is so only where [the kind of the meal-offering] was not expressed,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus where a man pledged himself to bring a meal-offering without specifying the kind he was to bring he is bound to bring one of the five kinds described in the Torah.');"><sup>10</sup></span> but where it was expressly stated<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That he is offering the meal-offering of the drink-offerings.');"><sup>11</sup></span>
יב<br><br><big><strong>הדרן<br><br><big><strong>hdrnעלךLkhפרקFrkהמנחותHmnkhvtוהנסכים</strong></big><br><br>Vhnskhym</strong></big><br><br>
12then it was so stated. TWO [MEN] MAY NOT JOINTLY OFFER [ONE TENTH].
יגמתני׳Mtny׳<big><strong>הרי</strong></big><big><strong>hry</strong></big>עליLyעשרוןShrvnיביאYvyאחדKhdעשרונותShrvnvtיביאYvyשניםShnymפירשתיFyrshtyואיניVynyיודעYvdמהMhפירשתיFyrshtyיביאYvyששיםShshymעשרוןShrvn
13What is the reason? Shall I say because there is written, Bringeth?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. II, 1. The verb used is in the singular, signifying that the offering shall be brought by an individual and not by two persons jointly.');"><sup>12</sup></span>
ידהריHryעליLyמנחהMnkhhיביאYvyאיזוYzvשירצהShyrtshרביRvyיהודהYhvdhאומרVmrיביאYvyמנחתMnkhtהסולתHsvltשהיאShhyמיוחדתMyvkhdtשבמנחותShvmnkhvt
14But with the burnt-offering too there is written, Bringeth!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. I, 3.');"><sup>13</sup></span> But you will say that the reason this is so with the burnt-offering<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That it may be brought jointly.');"><sup>14</sup></span>
טומנחהMnkhhאוVמיןMynהמנחהHmnkhhיביאYvyאחתKhtמנחותMnkhvtאוVמיןMynמנחותMnkhvtיביאYvyשתיםShtymפירשתיFyrshtyואיניVynyיודעYvdאיזהYzhמהןMhnפירשתיFyrshtyיביאYvyחמשתןKhmshtn
15is that there is written, Your burnt-offerings;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XXIX, 39. Here the plural pronominal suffix is used. apb ost aht');"><sup>15</sup></span> then with the meal-offering too there is written, And your meal-offerings!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XXIX, 39. Here the plural pronominal suffix is used. apb ost aht');"><sup>15</sup></span>
טזפירשתיFyrshtyמנחהMnkhhשלShlעשרוניםShrvnymואיניVynyיודעYvdכמהKhmhפירשתיFyrshtyיביאYvyששיםShshymעשרוןShrvnרביRvyאומרVmrיביאYvyמנחותMnkhvtשלShlעשרונותShrvnvtמאחדMkhdועדVdששים:Shshym:
16- The reason is that there is written in connection with [the meal-offering] the word 'soul'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. II, 1. Heb. The term usually found with sacrifices is or , man.');"><sup>16</sup></span> And so too it was taught in a Baraitha: Rabbi says, It i written, [Whosoever he be of the house of Israel] that bringeth his offering, whether it be any of their vows, or any of their freewill-offerings, which they bring unto the Lord:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. XXII, 18.');"><sup>17</sup></span>
יז<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big><big><strong>gm׳</strong></big>פשיטאFshytעשרונותShrvnvtיביאYvyשתיםShtymאיצטריכאYtstrykhליהLyhהאHנמיNmyפשיטאFshytמיעוטMyvtעשרונותShrvnvtשתיםShtymאיצטריכאYtstrykhליה:Lyh:
17thus every offering may be brought jointly, and the verse excluded only the meal-offering in connection with which the expression 'soul' is used. R'Isaac said, Why is the meal-offering distinguished in that the expression 'soul' is used therewith?
יחפירשתיFyrshtyואיניVynyיודעYvdמהMhפירשתיFyrshtyיביאYvyששיםShshymעשרון:Shrvn:מאןMnתנאTn
18Because the Holy One, blessed be He, said, 'Who is it that usually brings a meal-offering? It is the poor man.
יטאמרMrחזקיהKhzkyhדלאDlכרביKhrvyדאיDyרביRvyהאמרHmrיביאYvyמנחותMnkhvtשלShlעשרונותShrvnvtמאחדMkhdועדVdששיםShshym
19I account it as though he had offered his own soul to Me'. R'Isaac said, Why is the meal-offering distinguished in that five kinds of oil dishes<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Each of the five kinds of meal-offerings, v. supra p. 642, n. 2, is prepared with oil.');"><sup>18</sup></span>
כורביVrvyיוחנןYvkhnnאמרMrאפילוFylvתימאTymרביRvyבאומרVvmrפירשתיFyrshtyעשרונותShrvnvtאבלVlלאLקבעתיםKvtymבכליVkhlyדמייתיDmyytyשיתיןShytynעשרונותShrvnvtבשיתיןVshytynמאני:Mny:
20are stated in connection with it? This can be likened to the case of a human king for whom his friend had prepared a feast.
כאהריHryעליLyמנחהMnkhhיביאYvyאיזהוYzhvשירצהShyrtsh[וכו']:[vkhv']:תנאTnהואילHvylופתחVftkhבוVvהכתובHkhtvvתחלהTkhlh
21As the king knew that [his friend] was poor, he said to him, 'prepare it<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the little that you possess.');"><sup>19</sup></span> for me in five kinds of dishes so that I will derive pleasure from you'.
כבאלאLמעתהMthהאומרHvmrהריHryעליLyעולהVlhיביאYvyבןVnבקרVkrהואילHvylופתחVftkhבוVvהכתובHkhtvv
22<big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>[IF A MAN SAID], 'I TAKE UPON MYSELF TO BRING A TENTH', HE MUST BRING ONE [TENTH]; IF 'TENTHS', HE MUST BRING TWO [TENTHS]. [IF HE SAID,] 'I SPECIFIED [A CERTAIN NUMBER OF TENTHS] BUT I DO NOT KNOW WHAT NUMBER I SPECIFIED', HE MUST BRING SIXTY TENTHS<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For this is the maximum size of the meal-offering of an individual; and therefore even if that which he promised was less it matters nought, for when bringing this quantity he should stipulate that what is over and above the amount he promised shall be reckoned as a freewill meal-offering.');"><sup>20</sup></span> [IF HE SAID,] 'I TAKE UPON MYSELF TO BRING A MEAL-OFFERING', HE MAY BRING WHICHEVER KIND HE CHOOSES.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of the five kinds of meal-offerings described in Lev. II. V. supra p. 642, n. 2.');"><sup>21</sup></span> R'JUDAH SAYS, HE MUST BRING A MEAL-OFFERING OF FINE FLOUR, FOR THAT IS THE PRINCIPAL MEAL-OFFERING. [IF HE SAID] A MEAL-OFFERING' OR 'A KIND OF MEAL-OFFERING', HE MUST BRING ONE [OF ANY KIND]; IF 'MEAL-OFFERINGS' OR A KIND OF MEAL-OFFERINGS', HE MUST BRING TWO [OF ANY ONE KIND]; [IF HE SAID,] 'I SPECIFIED [A CERTAIN KIND], BUT I DO NOT KNOW WHAT KIND I SPECIFIED', HE MUST BRING THE FIVE KINDS [IF HE SAID,] 'I SPECIFIED A MEAL-OFFERING OF [A CERTAIN NUMBER OF] TENTHS<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To be brought in one vessel.');"><sup>22</sup></span> BUT I DO NOT KNOW WHAT NUMBER I SPECIFIED, HE MUST BRING SIXTY TENTHS. BUT RABBI SAYS, HE MUST BRING MEAL-OFFERINGS [OF EVERY NUMBER] OF TENTHS FROM ONE TO SIXTY.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since he had specified a certain number of tenths to be brought in one vessel it would not meet the case, according to Rabbi, were he to bring the maximum quantity, namely sixty tenths, in one vessel, for Rabbi is of the opinion that once a certain number of tenths have been determined for one vessel that vessel may contain neither more nor less than the number specified. Accordingly the only possible solution is to bring sixty meal-offerings, each containing a different number of tenths; in this way he will certainly have brought the meal-offering he specified.');"><sup>23</sup></span> <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>This<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The first clause of the MISHNAH:');"><sup>24</sup></span> is obvious! - It was necessary to state the next clause: IF 'TENTHS', HE MUST BRING TWO [TENTHS]. But this too is obvious, for the minimum of 'tenths' is two! - It was necessary to state the following clause: [IF HE SAID,] 'I SPECIFIED [A CERTAIN NUMBER OF TENTHS] BUT I DO NOT KNOW WHAT NUMBER I SPECIFIED', HE MUST BRING SIXTY TENTHS.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is the correct interpretation of the text, following MS.M. and Z.K. In cur. edd. the clause: [IF HE SAID,] 'I SPECIFIED etc.' is erroneously placed - as a fresh quotation from our Mishnah introducing a new passage.');"><sup>25</sup></span> Whose view is taught here? Said Hezekiah: It is not that of Rabbi, for Rabbi has said, HE MUST BRING MEAL-OFFERINGS [OF EVERY NUMBER] OF TENTHS FROM ONE TO SIXTY. R'Johanan said, You may even say that it sets forth the view of Rabbi, but [we must assume that] the man said, 'I specified [a certain number of] tenths but I had not determined them for one vessel', in which case he must bring sixty tenths in sixty vessels.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Bringing one tenth in each vessel. For the only doubt here is as to the number of tenths, since he left the matter open whether he would bring them in one or more vessels; whereas in the last clause of our Mishnah the doubt is as to the correct number of tenths to be brought in one vessel.');"><sup>26</sup></span> [IF HE SAID.] 'I TAKE UPON MYSELF TO BRING A MEAL-OFFERING', HE MAY BRING WHICHEVER KIND HE CHOOSES, etc. A Tanna taught: It is because Holy Writ stated it first.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For this reason is the meal-offering of fine flour described by R. Judah as the principal meal-offering.');"><sup>27</sup></span> In that case, if a man said 'I take upon myself to bring a burnt-offering'. he should have to bring a bullock,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which is contrary to the law, v. infra.');"><sup>28</sup></span> since Holy Writ stated that
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