Menachot 212

Chapter 212

א ודלמא כולה חובה היא וכל שהוא ממנו לאישים הרי הוא בבל תקטירו
1 perhaps the entire meal-offering was his offering of obligation, and any offering a portion of which had been put on the fire of the altar is subject to the prohibition ye shall not burn?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. II, 11. Once the prescribed portion of an offering has been duly offered upon the altar, the rest of that offering may not be burnt on the altar. How then may the second handful be burnt upon the altar?');"><sup>1</sup></span> - R'Judah son of R'Simeon B'Pazzi replied, It<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the second handful, that representing the freewill-offering.');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ב אמר ר' יהודה בריה דרבי שמעון בן פזי דמסיק להו לשום עצים וכרבי אליעזר דתניא רבי אליעזר אומר (ויקרא ב, יב) לריח ניחוח אי אתה מעלה אבל אתה מעלה לשום עצים
2 is burnt as wood, in accordance with a ruling of R'Eliezer. For it was taught: R'Eliezer says, [It is written,] They shall not come up for a sweet savour on the altar;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. II, 12.');"><sup>3</sup></span>
ג אמר ליה רב אחא בריה דרבא לרב אשי ודלמא דכולי עלמא מותר לערב חובה בנדבה והכא בדרבי אליעזר קא מיפלגי דרבנן אית להו דרבי אליעזר ורבי לית ליה דרבי אליעזר
3 thus 'for a sweet savour you may not bring it<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the remainder of the offering from which a portion has been taken and already burnt.');"><sup>4</sup></span> up, but you may bring it up as wood.
ד אמר ליה אי סלקא דעתך לרבי מותר לערב חובה בנדבה ודרבי אליעזר לית ליה אפשר דמייתי שיתין בחד מנא וחד בחד מנא ומגע להו וקמיץ
4 R'Aha the son of Raba said to R'Ashi, Perhaps all hold that it is permitted to mix the offering of obligation with the freewill-offering, but they differ over R'Eliezer's ruling: the Sages accepting R'Eliezer' ruling<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Accordingly sixty tenths are brought in one vessel, and when the second handful is about to be burnt, having already burnt the first handful, he declares, 'If this vessel also contains a freewill-offering then this handful is rightly being burnt on its behalf, but if the contents of the vessel are entirely the meal-offering of obligation then this handful is being burnt merely as wood and not as an offering.'');"><sup>5</sup></span> while Rabbi does not accept R'Eliezer's ruling!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He cannot therefore bring sixty tenths in one vessel, since he could not burn the second handful, for he might be transgressing the prohibition of ye shall not burn.');"><sup>6</sup></span>
ה רבא אמר דכולי עלמא מותר לערב חובה בנדבה ודכולי עלמא אית להו דרבי אליעזר והכא בפלוגתא דרבי אליעזר בן יעקב ורבנן קא מיפלגי
5 - He replied. If one could say that according to Rabbi it is permitted to mix the offering of obligation with the freewill-offering, and that Rabbi does not accept R'Eliezer's ruling, then he could bring sixty tenths in one vessel and one tenth in another vessel, bring the two into contact,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., he should bring the two vessels near to each other so that the flour of the one should actually mix with the flour of the other.');"><sup>7</sup></span>
ו דתנן אפילו מנחה של שישים עשרון נותן לה שישים לוג רבי אליעזר בן יעקב אומר אפילו מנחה של ששים עשרון אין לה אלא לוגה שנאמר (ויקרא יד, כא) למנחה ולוג שמן
6 and take the handful from each.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Accordingly he would first take the handful from the larger vessel containing the sixty tenths, and declare, 'If I specified all these tenths for my meal-offering, then this is the handful for it; but if not, let this handful serve for the number of tenths specified for my meal-offering'. Then he would take the handful from the smaller vessel containing the single tenth and declare that it shall serve for the freewill meal-offering of the smaller vessel and also for the remaining tenths of the first vessel; and this would be quite in order, since the two vessels are in contact. As this solution is not put forward by Rabbi it must be that he is of the opinion that it is forbidden to mix in one vessel the meal-offering of obligation with the freewill-offering.');"><sup>8</sup></span> Raba said, All hold that it is permitted to mix the offering of obligation with the freewill-offering, moreover all accept R'Eliezer's ruling, but they differ on the same principles as those which underlie the dispute between R'Eliezer B'Jacob and the Rabbis.
ז רבנן סברי [כרבנן] דאמרי שישים לוג וכל חד וחד עשרון לוגה קא שקיל
7 For we have learnt:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Supra 88a.');"><sup>9</sup></span> Even a meal-offering of sixty tenths required sixty logs [of oil].
ח ורבי סבר כר' אליעזר בן יעקב דאמר אין לה אלא לוגה ולא ידעינן אי חדא מנחה היא דסגי לה בחד לוג אי שתי מנחות נינהו דבעינן שני לוגין
8 R'Eliezer B'Jacob says. Even a meal-offering of sixty tenths required but one lo [of oil], for it is written, For a meal-offering even a log of oil.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XIV, 21.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
ט רב אשי אמר בקטן והביא גדול קמיפלגי רבנן סברי קטן והביא גדול יצא ורבי סבר לא יצא
9 The Sages hold the same view as the Rabbis who<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the cited MISHNAH:');"><sup>11</sup></span> say that sixty logs are required for sixty tenths, one log for each tenth,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He therefore brings sixty tenths with sixty logs and declares that as many tenths as make up his original vow, with the corresponding number of logs of oil, shall serve in fulfilment of his vow, and the remainder shall he a freewill meal-offering.');"><sup>12</sup></span>
י והא איפלגו בה חדא זמנא דתנן קטן והביא גדול יצא רבי אומר לא יצא
10 while Rabbi holds the same view as R'Eliezer B'Jacob who says that only one log is required. and therefore<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If sixty tenths are brought in one vessel.');"><sup>13</sup></span>
יא צריכא דאי איתמר בהא בהא קא אמרי רבנן משום דאידי ואידי קומץ הוא אבל התם דקא נפישי אימורין אימא מודו ליה לרבי
11 we do not know whether to regard [the sixty tenths] as one meal-offering for which one log is sufficient or as two meal-offerings for which two logs are necessary. R'Ashi said, They differ in the case of [one who vowed to bring] a small animal and brought a large one.
יב ואי איתמר בההיא בההיא קאמר רבי אבל בהא אימא מודי להו לרבנן צריכא
12 The Sages hold that [one who vowed to bring] a small animal and brought a large one has fulfilled his obligation.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the same is the case where a man brings more tenths than he had vowed for his meal-offering.');"><sup>14</sup></span> while Rabbi holds that he has not fulfilled his obligation.
יג (סימן עצי"ם זה"ב יי"ן עול"ה תוד"ה שו"ר):
13 But they have already differed in this matter, for we have learnt: [If he said] 'a small animal' and he brought a large one, he has fulfilled his obligation; but Rabbi says, He has not fulfilled his obligation!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Supra 107b.');"><sup>15</sup></span> - Both disputes were necessary For if the dispute had only been stated here, I should have said that only here do the Sages say [that by bringing a larger offering he has fulfilled his obligation] since in either case<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whether the meal-offering is large or small.');"><sup>16</sup></span>
יד <big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> הרי עלי עצים לא יפחות משני גזירין לבונה לא יפחות מקומץ
14 only one handful [is offered], but in the other case, since there are more sacrificial portions [in a larger animal]. I might say that they agree with Rabbi [that he has not thereby fulfilled his obligation].
טו חמשה קמצים הם האומר עלי לבונה לא יפחות מקומץ המנדב מנחה יביא עמה קומץ לבונה המעלה את הקומץ בחוץ חייב שני בזיכין טעונין שני קמצים
15 And if the dispute had only been stated there, I should have said that only there does Rabbi say [that he has not fulfilled his obligation, since there are more sacrificial portions], but in this case I might say that he agrees with the Sages; therefore [both disputes] wer necessary. <br>(Mnemonic: Wood, Gold, Wine, Burnt-offering, Thank-offering, Ox).<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A list of the six Mishnahs that follow (according to the division of the Mishnahs in the separate editions of the Mishnah) each commencing with the same formula: 'I take upon myself to offer .');"><sup>17</sup></span>
טז הרי עלי זהב לא יפחות מדינר זהב כסף לא יפחות מדינר כסף נחשת לא יפחות ממעה כסף פירשתי ואיני יודע מה פירשתי יהא מביא עד שיאמר לא לכך נתכוונתי:
16 <big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>[IF A MAN SAID,] 'I TAKE UPON MYSELF TO OFFER [PIECES OF] WOOD', HE MUST BRING NOT LESS THAN TWO LOGS. IF 'FRANKINCENSE', HE MUST BRING NOT LESS THAN A HANDFUL.
יז <big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> תנו רבנן (ויקרא ב, א) קרבן מלמד שמתנדבין עצים וכמה שני גזירין וכן הוא אומר (נחמיה י, לה) והגורלות הפלנו על קרבן העצים רבי אומר עצים קרבן הם טעונין מלח וטעונין הגשה
17 THE HANDFUL IS SPECIFIED IN FIVE CASES: IF A MAN SAID, 'I TAKE UPON MYSELF TO BRING FRANKINCENSE'. HE MUST BRING NOT LESS THAN A HANDFUL.
יח אמר רבא ולדברי רבי עצים טעונין קמיצה אמר רב פפא לדברי רבי עצים צריכין עצים:
18 IF HE OFFERED A MEAL-OFFERING HE MUST BRING A HANDFUL OF FRANKINCENSE WITH IT. IF A MAN OFFERED UP THE HANDFUL OUTSIDE [THE TEMPLE COURT] HE IS LIABLE.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To the penalty of kareth (v. Glos.) . This ruling is apparently in accord with R. Eliezer's view that liability is incurred only if the entire handful of the meal-offering is offered outside; v. Zeb. 109b. Tosaf, however suggest that the handful spoken of here is not the handful of flour of the meal-offering but one of the handfuls of the two dishes of frankincense, and the ruling here is intended to refute R. Eliezer's view who maintains');"><sup>18</sup></span>
יט לבונה לא יפחות מן הקומץ: מנלן דכתיב (ויקרא ו, ח) והרים ממנו בקומצו מסלת המנחה ומשמנה ואת כל הלבונה מקיש לבונה להרמה דמנחה מה הרמה דמנחה קומץ אף לבונה נמי קומץ:
19 THE TWO DISHES [OF FRANKINCENSE]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That were set on the table with the Shewbread.');"><sup>19</sup></span> REQUIRE TWO HANDFULS.
כ תנו רבנן הרי עלי למזבח יביא לבונה שאין לך דבר שקרב לגבי מזבח אלא לבונה פירשתי ואיני יודע מה פירשתי יביא מכל דבר שקרב למזבח
20 [IF A MAN SAID.] 'I TAKE UPON MYSELF TO OFFER GOLD', HE MUST BRING NOT LESS THAN A GOLDEN DENAR;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');"><sup>20</sup></span> IF SILVER', HE MUST BRING NOT LESS THAN A SILVER DENAR; IF 'COPPER'.
כא ותו ליכא והא איכא עולה איכא עורה לכהנים
21 HE MUST BRING NOT LESS THAN [THE VALUE OF] A SILVER MA'AH.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');"><sup>20</sup></span> [IF HE SAID.] 'I SPECIFIED [HOW MUCH I WOULD BRING] BUT I DO NOT KNOW WHAT I SPECIFIED'.
כב והא איכא עולת העוף איכא
22 HE MUST BRING SO MUCH UNTIL HE SAYS.' I CERTAINLY DID NOT INTEND TO GIVE SO MUCH!' <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>Our Rabbis taught: Offering:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. II, 1.');"><sup>21</sup></span> this signifies that one may offer wood as a freewill-offering. And how much must it be? Two logs. For so it is written, And we cast lots for the offering of wood.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Neh. X, 35.');"><sup>22</sup></span> Rabbi says, The wood-offering is included under the term 'offering'. and therefore requires salt and also requires to be brought near [the altar].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Like the meal-offering it must be brought to the south-western corner of the altar.');"><sup>23</sup></span> Raba said, According to Rabbi's view the handful must be taken from the wood-offering.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The wood must be cut up into small thin strips and a handful taken and burnt upon the altar.');"><sup>24</sup></span> R'Papa said, According to Rabbi's view the wood-offering requires other wood.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As with every offering wood from the Temple store is taken in order to burn this wood-offering.');"><sup>25</sup></span> IF 'FRANKINCENSE', HE MUST BRING NOT LESS THAN A HANDFUL. How do we know this? - Because it is written, And he shall take up therefrom his handful of the fine flour of the meal-offering and of the oil thereof, and all the frankincense.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. VI, 8.');"><sup>26</sup></span> The frankincense is thus compared with the taking up of the meal-offering: as the taking up of the meal-offering was a handful so the frankincense must consist of a handful. Our Rabbis taught: [If a man said,] 'I take upon myself [to bring an offering] for the altar', he must bring frankincense, for nothing is offered entirely upon the altar but frankincense. [If he said,] 'I specified an offering for the altar but I do not know what it was I specified', he must bring of everything that is offered entirely upon the altar.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He must bring, therefore, an offering of frankincense, a burnt-offering of cattle, a burnt-offering of birds, a wine-offering, and the meal-offering that is offered with the drink-offerings, for all these can in a less strict sense be described as offered entirely upon the altar; v. infra. The fact that this man specified an offering for the altar, and did not merely say 'for the altar', which would have implied frankincense alone, proves that in this case 'for the altar' is to be interpreted less strictly and therefore includes the above offerings.');"><sup>27</sup></span> Is there nothing else?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That is offered entirely upon the altar.');"><sup>28</sup></span> But what about the burnt-offering? - There is the skin thereof which belongs to the priests. And what about the burnt-offering of a bird? - There are