Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Pesachim 219:1

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1

מצוה באפי נפשה הוא

is a separate obligation.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence they do not combine.');"><sup>1</sup></span> 'He must not perform his requirements twice.' Why?

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2

לא יעשה צרכיו תרי אמאי נמלך הוא אמר אביי הכי קאמר לא יאכל תרי וישתה תרי ולא יעשה צרכיו אפילו פעם אחת דילמא חליש ומיתרע

Has he not [newly] decided?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The second is occasioned by a new desire, and does not combine with, the first.');"><sup>2</sup></span> -Said Abaye, This is what he [the Tanna] means: He must not eat in pairs and drink in pairs and he must not perform his needs even once [after eating or drinking in pairs], lest he be weakened<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Through intimacy.');"><sup>3</sup></span> and be affected.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since eating or drinking in pairs has already made him more susceptible to hurt than he would otherwise have been.');"><sup>4</sup></span>

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3

ת"ר שותה כפלים דמו בראשו אמר רב יהודה אימתי בזמן שלא ראה פני השוק אבל ראה פני השוק הרשות בידו אמר רב אשי חזינא ליה לרב חנניא בר ביבי דאכל כסא הוה נפיק וחזי אפי שוקא

Our Rabbis taught: He who drinks in pairs, his blood is upon his own head. Said Rab Judah: When is that? If he had not seen the street;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' i.e., if he does not go out between the drinks.');"><sup>5</sup></span>

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4

ולא אמרן אלא לצאת לדרך אבל בביתו לא אמר ר' זירא ולישן כלצאת לדרך דמי אמר רב פפא ולצאת לבית הכסא כלצאת לדרך דמי ובביתו לא והא רבא מני כשורי

but if he has seen the street, he is at liberty [to drink a second cup]. R'Ashi said: I saw that R'Hanania B'Bibi used to go out and see the street at each cup. Now we have said [this]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That pairs is harmful.');"><sup>6</sup></span>

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5

ואביי כי שתי חד כסא מנקיט ליה אימיה תרי כסי בתרי ידיה ורב נחמן בר יצחק כי הוה שתי תרי כסי מנקיט ליה שמעיה חד כסא חד כסא מנקיט ליה תרי כסי בתרי ידיה אדם חשוב שאני

only [if he intends] to set out on a journey [after drinking]; but [if he intends to stay] at home, it i [harmful]. R'Zera observed: And going to sleep is like setting out on a journey. R'Papa said: And going to the privy is like setting out on a journey.

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6

אמר עולא עשרה כוסות אין בהם משום זוגות עולא לטעמיה דאמר עולא ואמרי לה במתניתא תנא עשרה כוסות תיקנו חכמים בבית האבל ואי ס"ד עשרה כוסות יש בהן משום זוגות היכי קיימי רבנן ותקנו מילתא דאתי לידי סכנה אבל תמניא יש בהן משום זוגות

Now [if [he intends to stay] at home it is not [dangerous]? Yet surely Raba counted the beams,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' At each cup he mentally counted one beam, to ensure not drinking in pairs.');"><sup>7</sup></span> while when Abaye had drunk one cup, his mother would offer him two cups in her two hands;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Likewise that he should not drink in pairs.');"><sup>8</sup></span>

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7

רב חסדא ורבה בר רב הונא דאמרי תרוייהו שלום לטובה מצטרף לרעה לא מצטרף אבל שיתא יש בהן משום זוגות

again, when R'Nahman B'Isaac had drunk two cups, his attendant would offer him one cup; [if he had drunk] one cup, he would offer him two cups in his two hands?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Though in a these cases they were remaining at home.');"><sup>9</sup></span> - An important person is different.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The demons are at greater pains to hurt him; hence he is endangered even when staying at home.');"><sup>10</sup></span> 'Ulla said: Ten cups are not subject to [the danger of] pairs.'

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8

רבה ורב יוסף דאמרי תרוייהו ויחונך לטובה מצטרף לרעה לא מצטרף אבל ארבעה יש בהן משום זוגות

Ulla is consistent with his view, for 'Ulla while others maintain, it was taught in a Baraitha: The Sages instituted ten cups in a mourner's house. Now if you should think that ten cups are subject to [the danger of] pairs, how could our Rabbis arise and enact a regulation whereby one is led into danger! But eight are subject to 'pairs.' R'Hisda and Rabbah son of R'Huna both maintained: 'Shalom' [peace] combines [with others] for good, but does not combine for evil;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'Shalom' (peace) is the seventh word (in Heb.) of the verse The Lord lift up His countenance upon tee, and give thee peace (Num. VI, 26) . Hence the seventh cup combines with others for good etc. as on p. 565, n. 5.');"><sup>11</sup></span>

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9

אביי ורבא דאמרי תרוייהו וישמרך לטובה מצטרף לרעה לא מצטרף

but six is subject to 'pairs'. Rabbah and R'Joseph both maintained: Wiyhuneka ['and be gracious unto thee'] combines [with others] for good, but does not combine for evil;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Wiyhuneka is the fifth Hebrew word of the verse, The Lord make His face to shine upon thee, and be gracious unto thee (ibid. 25) .');"><sup>12</sup></span> but four is subject to 'pairs.'

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10

ואזדא רבא לטעמיה דרבא אפקינהו לרבנן בארבעה כוסות אע"ג דאיתזק רבא בר ליואי לא חש לה למילתא דאמר ההוא משום דאותבן בפירקא הוה

Abaye and Raba both maintained: We-yishmereka ['and keep thee'] combines [with others] for good, but does not combine for evil.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is the third word of the verse, The Lord bless thee, and keep thee (ibid. 24) .');"><sup>13</sup></span> Now Raba is consistent with his view, for Raba allowed the Rabbis to depart [from his house] after four cups, [and] though Raba B'Liwai<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or, the Levite.');"><sup>14</sup></span> came to harm, he paid no heed to the matter, saying, 'That was [his punishment] because he raises difficulties at the public session.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He would raise difficulties in the course of my public lectures, thereby putting me to shame.');"><sup>15</sup></span>

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11

אמר רב יוסף אמר לי יוסף שידא אשמדאי מלכא דשידי ממונה הוא אכולהו זוגי ומלכא לא איקרי מזיק איכא דאמרי לה להאי גיסא אדרבה מלכא [רתחנא הוא] מאי דבעי עביד שהמלך פורץ גדר לעשות לו דרך ואין מוחין בידו

R'Joseph said: The demon Joseph told me [that] Ashmedai the king of the demons is appointed over all pairs.'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Those who drink in pairs are at his mercy.');"><sup>16</sup></span> and a king is not designated a harmful spirit.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is beneath his dignity to cause hurt. Hence there is generally no danger in pairs (though occasionally he may disregard his dignity - Rashbam) .');"><sup>17</sup></span> Others explain it in the opposite sense: On the contrary, a king is quick-tempered [and] does whatever he wishes, for a king can break through a wall to make a pathway for himself and none may stay him.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence the danger is all the greater.');"><sup>18</sup></span>

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12

אמר רב פפא אמר לי יוסף שידא בתרי קטלינן בארבעה לא קטלינן בארבעה מזקינן בתרי בין בשוגג בין במזיד בארבעה במזיד אין בשוגג לא

R'Papa said, Joseph the demon told me: For two we kill; for four we do not kill, [but] for four we harm [the drinker]. For two [we hurt] whether [they are drunk] unwittingly or deliberately; for four, only if it is deliberate, but not if it is unwitting. And if a man forgot himself and happened to go out,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' After drinking 'pairs.'');"><sup>19</sup></span>

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13

ואי אישתלי ואיקרי ונפק מאי תקנתיה לינקוט זקפא דידיה דימיניה בידא דשמאליה וזקפא דשמאליה בידא דימיניה ונימא הכי אתון ואנא הא תלתא ואי שמיע ליה דאמר אתון ואנא הא ארבעה נימא ליה אתון ואנא הא חמשה ואי שמיע ליה דאמר אתון ואנא הא שיתא נימא ליה אתון ואנא הא שבעה הוה עובדא עד מאה וחד ופקע שידא

what is his remedy? Let him take his right-hand thumb in his left hand and his left-hand thumb in his right hand and say thus: 'Ye [two thumbs] and I, surely that is three!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus breaking the spell of pairs.');"><sup>20</sup></span> But if he hears one saying, 'Ye and I, surely that is four!' let him retort to him, 'Ye and I are surely five!' And if he hears one saying, 'Ye and I are six,' let hi retort to him, 'Ye and I are seven.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And so on.');"><sup>21</sup></span>

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14

אמר אמימר אמרה לי רישתינהי דנשים כשפניות האי מאן דפגע בהו בנשים כשפניות נימא הכי חרי חמימי בדיקולא בזייא לפומייכו נשי דחרשייא קרח קרחייכי פרח פרחייכי

This once happened until a hundred and one , and the demon burst [with mortification]. Amemar said: The chief of the sorceresses told me: He who meets sorceresses should say thus: 'Hot dung in perforated baskets for your mouths, o ye witches! may your heads become bald,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'bald be your baldness' - they practised witchcraft with their hair.');"><sup>22</sup></span> the wind carry off your crumbs,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Likewise used in the practice of witchcraft. Rashbam holds that this is an allusion to Ezek. XIII, 18f, q.v.');"><sup>23</sup></span>

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