Pesachim 74

אחד מכל קרבן אחד שלא יטול פרוס והכא כמאן דפריסא דמיא קמ"ל

out of each oblation,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. 14.');">¹</span> 'one' [intimating] that he should not take a broken-off piece, whereas here it is as broken off:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since it is not completely baked.');">²</span>

מיתיבי המעיסה בית שמאי פוטרין וב"ה מחייבין החליטה בית שמאי מחייבין ובית הלל פוטרין איזהו המעיסה ואיזהו החליטה המעיסה קמח שעל גבי מוגלשין החליטה מוגלשין שעל גבי קמח

therefore he informs us [that it is not so]. An objection is raised: The me'isah,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A paste made of flour poured over boiling water, contrad. to halitah, where the boiling water is poured over flour, as explained in the text.');">³</span>

ר' ישמעאל ב"ר יוסי אומר משום אביו זה וזה לפטור ואמרי לה זה וזה לחיוב וחכמים אומרים אחד זה ואחד זה עשאן באילפס פטור בתנור חייב

Beth Shammai exempt it [from hallah], while Beth Hillel hold it liable [thereto]. The halitah,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. preceding note.');">⁴</span>

ותנא קמא מאי שנא המעיסה ומאי שנא חליטה אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל וכן א"ר יהודה ואיתימא ר' יהושע בן לוי כמחלוקת בזו כך מחלוקת בזו ותברא מי ששנה זו לא שנה זו

Beth Shammai hold it liable [to hallah], while Beth Hillel exempt [it]. Which is 'me'isah' and which is 'halitah'? 'Me'isah' is flour [poured] over boiling water; 'halitah' is boiling water [poured] over flour.

קתני מיהת וחכמים אומרים אחד זה ואחד זה שעשאן באילפס פטור בתנור חייב תיובתא דר' יוחנן אמר לך ר' יוחנן תנאי היא דתניא יכול יהא מעיסה וחלוטה חייבין בחלה ת"ל לחם

R'Ishmael B'R'Jose ruled in his father's name [that] both are exempt - others state, that both are liable. But the Sages maintained: Both the one and the other, if prepared in an ilpes, each is exempt; in an oven, each is liable.

ר' יהודה אומר אין לחם אלא האפוי בתנור ר' יהודה היינו תנא קמא אלא לאו מעשה אילפס איכא בינייהו תנא קמא סבר מעשה אילפס חייבין ור' יהודה סבר מעשה אילפס פטורין

Now according to the first Tanna, wherein does me'isah differ from halitah?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Mishnah is first dismissed and explained, and then the point of the objection is stated.');">⁵</span> - Said Rab Judah in Samuel's name, and thus did R'Johanan - others state, R'Joshua B'Levi-say: Just as there is a controversy in respect of the one so is there a controversy in respect of the other, and they [the two clauses] are contradictory, he who learnt the one not having learnt the other.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Me'isah and halitah are alike in law. One Tanna holds that in both Beth Hillel are more lenient, while another holds that Beth Shammai are more lenient in both.');">⁶</span>

לא דכולי עלמא מעשה אילפס פטורין והכא כגון שחזר ואפאו בתנור קא מיפלגי דתנא קמא סבר כיון שחזר ואפאו בתנור לחם קרינן ביה ור' יהודה סבר אין לחם אלא האפוי בתנור מעיקרא וכיון דמעיקרא לאו בתנור אפייה לאו לחם הוא

Now it is at all events taught, 'But the Sages maintain: Both the one and the other, if prepared in an ilpes, each is exempt; in an oven, each is liable', which is a refutation of R'Johanan? - R'Johanan can answer you, It is dependent on Tannaim. For it was taught: You might think that me'isah and halitah are liable to hallah, therefore 'bread' is stated.

אמר רבא מאי טעמא דר' יהודה דכתיב (ויקרא כו, כו) ואפו עשר נשים לחמכם בתנור אחד לחם האפוי בתנור אחד קרוי לחם ושאין אפוי בתנור אחד אין קרוי לחם

R'Judah said: Nought is bread save that which is baked in an oven. Now R'Judah is identical with the first Tanna?

יתיב רבה ורב יוסף אחוריה דרבי זירא ויתיב ר' זירא קמיה דעולא אמר ליה רבה לר' זירא בעי מיניה מעולא הדביק מבפנים והרתיח מבחוץ מהו אמר ליה מאי אימא ליה דאי אמינא ליה אמר לי הי ניהו מעשה אילפס

Hence Surely they differ over that which is prepared in an ilpes: the first Tanna holds, That which is prepared in an ilpes is liable; while R'Judah holds, That which is prepared in an oven is exempt! - No: All (agree) that what is prepared in an ilpes is exempt, but they differ here, e.g. , where he rebaked it in an oven,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. that which was prepared in an ilpes in the first place.');">⁷</span> the first Tanna holding [that] since he rebaked it in an oven, it is called 'bread'; while R'Judah holds, Nought is bread save that which is baked in an oven from the very beginning, and since this was not baked in an oven from the very beginning, we do not call it 'bread'.

א"ל רב יוסף לרבי זירא בעו מיניה מעולא הדביק מבפנים ואבוקה כנגדו מהו אמר ליה מאי אימא ליה דאי אמינא ליה אמר לי רוב עניים עושין כן

Raba said, What is R'Judah's reason? - Because it is written, ten women shall bake your bread in one oven:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XXVI, 26.');">⁸</span> bread which is baked in one oven is called bread, but that which is not baked in one oven is not called bread.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence this excludes the case where it is first treated In an ilpes.');">⁹</span>

אמר רב אסי עיסה של מעשר שני לדברי ר' מאיר פטורה מן החלה לדברי חכמים חייבת בחלה

Rabbah and R'Joseph were sitting behind R'Zera, and R'Zera was sitting in front of 'Ulla. Said Rabbah to R Zera, Ask 'Ulla: What if he placed [the dough] within,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rashi: in an ilpes. Tosaf: in an oven.');">¹⁰</span> and boiled it up<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., heated it.');">¹¹</span> from without?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rashi: He placed a bread dough in an ilpes, baking it with an outside fire: is it bread or not? Tosaf: He placed in an oven such dough as is generally prepared in an ilpes: does this render it bread or not?');">¹²</span> What shall I ask him, he replied, for if I ask him he will say to me, That then is the [very] preparation of an ilpes!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which is a point of issue between R. Johanan and Resh Lakish.');">¹³</span> - R'Joseph [then] said to R'Zera, Ask 'Ulla: What if he placed [the dough] inside and the flame is opposite it?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The flame itself bearing directly on the ilpes, which causes it to bake more quickly.');">¹⁴</span> What shall I ask him, he replied. for if I ask him he will reply. Most poor people do this.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' They cannot afford much fuel, and so they have the flame directly opposite it. Hence this cannot change its status.');">¹⁵</span> R Assi said: Dough of second tithe, according to R'Meir,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who holds in Kid. ');">¹⁶</span> is exempt from hallah; according to the Rabbis,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who hold that it is secular property.');">¹⁷</span> it is liable to hallah.