Shabbat 101

לא משום כלאים ולא משום שביעית ולא משום מעשר וניטלין בשבת תיובתא:

on account of kil'ayim,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. This does not constitute the planting of diverse seeds. ');">¹</span> or the seventh year,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If these are from the sixth year and are placed in the earth in the seventh, they are not subject to the laws of seventh year produce. ');">²</span>

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> לא כסהו מבעוד יום לא יכסנו משתחשך כסהו ונתגלה מותר לכסותו ממלא את הקיתון ונותן לתחת הכר או תחת הכסת:

or tithes,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Having been tithed before they were placed in the earth they are not to be retithed on removal, as though this were a new harvest. ');">³</span> and they may be removed on the Sabbath.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On this account the proviso is made that some of the leaves must be uncovered, for otherwise it would be necessary to remove the earth, which may not be done. But the other statements hold good even if they are entirely covered (Rashi and Tosaf.). ');">⁴</span>

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל מותר להטמין את הצונן אמר. רב יוסף מאי קמ"ל תנינא ממלא אדם קיתון ונותן תחת הכר או תחת הכסת

This is indeed a refutation.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For it is not stated that the earth must be loosened before the Sabbath. ');">⁵</span> <b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. IF IT [A POT] WAS NOT COVERED<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., put away in something to retain its heat. ');">⁶</span>

אמר ליה אביי טובא קמ"ל דאי ממתני' הוה אמינא ה"מ דבר שאין דרכו להטמין אבל דבר שדרכו להטמין לא קמ"ל

WHILE IT WAS YET DAY, IT MAY NOT BE COVERED AFTER NIGHTFALL.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 34a. ');">⁷</span> IF IT WAS COVERED BUT BECAME UNCOVERED, IT MAY BE RECOVERED. A CRUSE MAY BE FILLED WITH [COLD] WATER AND PLACED UNDER A PILLOW OR BOLSTER.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To prevent the sun from reaching and warming it. ');">⁸</span>

אמר רב הונא (אמר רב) אסור להטמין את הצונן והתניא רבי התיר להטמין את הצונן לא קשיא הא מקמיה דלישמעיה מר' ישמעאל ברבי יוסי הא לבתר דלישמעי' . כי הא דיתיב רבי ואמר אסור להטמין את הצונן אמר לפניו רבי ישמעאל ברבי יוסי אבא התיר להטמין את הצונן אמר כבר הורה זקן

<b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. Rab Judah said in Samuel's name: Cold [water, food, etc.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. preceding note. ');">⁹</span> may be hidden.; Said R. Joseph, What does he inform us? We learnt: A CRUSE MAY BE FILLED WITH [COLD] WATER AND PLACED UNDER A PILLOW OR A BOLSTER. Abaye answered him: He tells us much. For if [we learnt] from the Mishnah [alone], I might argue: That applies only to an object which it is not customary to store away,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To heat it, as for instance cold water; therefore it may be hidden in order to keep it cold. ');">¹⁰</span>

אמר רב פפא בא וראה כמה מחבבין זה את זה שאילו ר' יוסי קיים היה כפוף ויושב לפני רבי דהא רבי ישמעאל ברבי יוסי דממלא מקום אבותיו הוה וכפוף ויושב לפני רבי וקאמר כבר הורה זקן

but not to an object which it is customary to store away.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For if permission is given to hide it in order to keep it cold, the reverse too may be regarded as permitted. ');">¹¹</span> Therefore he informs us [that it is not so].

אמר ליה רב נחמן לדרו עבדיה אטמין לי צונן ואייתי לי מיא דאחים קפילא ארמאה שמע רבי אמי ואיקפד אמר רב יוסף מ"ט איקפד כרבוותיה עביד חדא כרב וחדא כשמואל

R. Huna said on Rabbi's authority: Cold [water, food, etc.] may not be hidden.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To keep it cool. ');">¹²</span> But it was taught: Rabbi permitted cold [water, etc.] to be hidden? — There is no difficulty: the one [ruling was given] before he heard it from R. Ishmael son of R. Jose; the other after he heard it [from him]. For Rabbi sat and declared: Cold [water, etc.] may not be hidden. Said R. ishmael son of R. Jose to him, My father permitted cold [water] to be hidden. Then the Elder<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Sage, referring to R. Jose. ');">¹³</span>

כשמואל דאמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל מותר להטמין את הצונן כרב דאמר רב שמואל בר רב יצחק אמר רב כל שהוא נאכל כמות שהוא חי אין בו משום בשולי נכרים

has already given a ruling, answered he.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And I retract. ');">¹⁴</span> R. Papa observed: Come and see how much they loved each other! For were R. Jose alive, he would have sat submissively before Rabbi, since R. Ishmael son of R. Jose, who occupied his father's place,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., he was as great as his father (Rashi). ');">¹⁵</span>

(הוא) סבר. אדם חשוב שאני:

sat submissively before Rabbi,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As a disciple before his master. ');">¹⁶</span> yet he [Rabbi] said, Then the Elder has already given a ruling.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus showing deference to his views. ');">¹⁷</span>

ת"ר אע"פ שאמרו אין טומנין אפילו בדבר שאינו מוסיף הבל משחשכה אם בא להוסיף מוסיף כיצד הוא עושה רשב"ג אומר נוטל את הסדינין ומניח את הגלופקרין או נוטל את הגלופקרין ומניח את הסדינין

R. Nahman said to his slave Daru: Put away cold water for me,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On the Sabbath. ');">¹⁸</span> and bring me water heated by a Gentile<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'Syrian'. ');">¹⁹</span>

וכן היה רשב"ג אומר לא אסרו אלא אותו מיחם אבל פינה ממיחם למיחם מותר השתא אקורי קא מקיר לה ארתוחי קא מירתח לה

cook<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On weekdays. Food cooked by Gentiles is forbidden. R. Nahman showed that this interdict does not apply to boiled water. ');">²⁰</span> When R. Ammi heard thereof, he objected. Said R. Joseph: Why should be have objected? He acted in accordance with his teachers, one [act] being according to Rab, and the other according to Samuel. According to Samuel, for Rab Judah said in Samuel's name: Cold [water, etc.] may be hidden. According to Rab, for R. Samuel son of R. Isaac said in Rab's name: Whatever can be eaten in its natural state,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'as it is raw'. ');">²¹</span>

טמן וכיסה בדבר הניטל בשבת או טמן בדבר שאינו ניטל בשבת וכיסה בדבר הניטל בשבת הרי זה נוטל ומחזיר

raw, is not subject to [the interdict against] the cooking of Gentiles. But he [R. Ammi] held that an important man is different.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He should be more stringent for himself. ');">²²</span> Our Rabbis taught: Though it was said, One may not store [food] after nightfall even in a substance which does not add heat, yet if one comes to add,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Another covering. ');">²³</span>

טמן וכיסה בדבר שאינו ניטל בשבת או שטמן בדבר הניטל בשבת וכיסה בדבר שאינו ניטל בשבת אם היה מגולה מקצתו נוטל ומחזיר ואם לאו

he may add. How does he do it?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In which the pot is wrapped. ');">²⁴</span> R. Simeon b. Gamaliel said: He may remove the sheets and replace them with blankets, or remove the blankets and replace them with sheets.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' According as he desires more or less heat. ');">²⁵</span> And thus did R. Simeon b. Gamaliel say: Only the self-same boiler was forbidden;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., food may not be stored after nightfall in the same pot in which it was cooked. ');">²⁶</span> but if it [the food] was emptied from that boiler into another, it is permitted: seeing that he cools it,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By emptying it from one pot into another. ');">²⁷</span> will he indeed heat it up!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Surely there is no fear of this, which is the reason for the usual prohibition (supra 34a); hence it is permitted. ');">²⁸</span> If one stored [food] in and covered [it] with a substance that may be handled on the Sabbath, or if he stored [it] in something that may not be handled on the Sabbath, but covered [it] with something that may be handled on the Sabbath, he may remove [the covering] and replace it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since the cover can be removed, one can take hold of the pot. ');">²⁹</span> If one stored [food] in and covered [it] with a substance that may not be handled on the Sabbath, or if he stored (it] in something that may be handled on the Sabbath, but covered it with something that may not be handled on the Sabbath, provided it was partly uncovered, he may take it [out] and replace [it];<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since there is something by which he can grasp it. ');">³⁰</span> but if not,