Shabbat 15

Chapter 15

א אמר אביי ברה"י דכ"ע לא פליגי כדרב חסדא אלא הכא באילן העומד ברה"י ונופו נוטה לרה"ר וזרק ונח אנופו דרבי סבר אמרי' שדי נופו בתר עיקרו ורבנן סברי לא אמרי' שדי נופו בתר עיקרו:
1 — Said Abaye: In the case of private ground none differ, agreeing with R. Hisda. But here the reference is to a tree standing in private ground, while a branch inclines to the street, and one throws [an article] and it alights on the branch: Rabbi holds, We say, Cast the branch after its trunk; but the Rabbis maintain, We do not say, Cast the branch after its trunk.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 4b for notes. ');"><sup>1</sup></span>
ב אמר אביי זרק כוורת לרה"ר גבוהה י' ואינה רחבה ו' חייב רחבה ו' פטור
2 Abaye said: If one throws a bin<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Jast.: a large round vessel, receptacle of grain, water, etc. ');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ג רבא אמר אפי' אינה רחבה ו' פטור מ"ט אי אפשר לקרומיות של קנה שלא יעלו למעלה מעשרה
3 into the street, [even] if it is ten [handbreadths] high but not six broad, he is liable; if six broad, he is exempt.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A circle with a diameter of six is the least (roughly) in which a square of four can be inscribed. Now, as stated above (6a), an object four square is a separate domain itself, and no liability is incurred for throwing one domain into another. ');"><sup>3</sup></span>
ד כפאה על פיה שבעה ומשהו חייב שבעה ומחצה פטור
4 Raba said: Even if it is not six broad, he is [still] exempt. What is the reason? It is impossible for a piece of cane not to project above ten.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since it is ten handbreadths high, it is impossible that the top and bottom canes of the circumference shall be absolutely even and straight, and so something must project above ten from ground level, which is a place of non-liability, not public ground. But in order to incur liability the whole of the article thrown must rest in public ground. ');"><sup>4</sup></span>
ה רב אשי אמר אפי' שבעה ומחצה חייב מ"ט מחיצות לתוכן עשויות:
5 If he overturns it,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where it was less than six handbreadths broad (Rashi). ');"><sup>5</sup></span>
ו אמר עולא עמוד תשעה ברה"ר ורבים מכתפין עליו וזרק ונח על גביו חייב מ"ט פחות משלשה מדרס דרסי ליה רבים משלשה ועד תשעה לא מדרס דרסי ליה ולא כתופי מכתפי תשעה ודאי מכתפין עילויה
6 mouth downwards, [and throws it], then if it is a shade more than seven [in height] he is liable; if seven and a half, he is exempt.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is a principle that the walls of an object are regarded as extending beyond its opening down to the ground itself as soon as that opening comes within a shade less than three handbreadths from the ground. V. Glos. s.v. labud. Hence, when this overturned bin, which is a shade more than seven in height (and certainly if less), enters within just under three handbreadths from the ground and is regarded as already resting on the ground, the whole is within ten from the ground, and therefore he is liable. But if it is slightly taller than this it is partly above ten; hence there is no liability. ');"><sup>6</sup></span>
ז א"ל אביי לרב יוסף גומא מאי אמר ליה וכן בגומא רבא אמר בגומא לא מ"ט תשמיש על ידי הדחק לא שמיה תשמיש
7 R. Ashi said: Even if it is seven and a half, he is liable. What is the reason? The walls are made for their contents.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., to enable it to be used as a receptacle, and not to create an imaginary extension downwards. ');"><sup>7</sup></span>
ח איתיביה רב אדא בר מתנא לרבא היתה קופתו מונחת ברה"ר גבוהה עשרה ורחבה ד' אין מטלטלין לא מתוכה לרה"ר ולא מרשות הרבים לתוכה פחות מכן מטלטלין וכן בגומא מאי לאו אסיפא לא ארישא
8 'Ulla said: If there is a column nine [handbreadths high] in the street, and the public rest and rearrange their burdens thereon,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' it being of the exact height to facilitate this. ');"><sup>8</sup></span>
ט איתיביה
9 and one throws [an object] and it alights upon it, he is liable. What is the reason? It if is less than three, the multitude step upon it;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And it is therefore part of the street. ');"><sup>9</sup></span> from three to nine, they neither walk upon it nor arrange their burdens upon it;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is too low for the latter purpose. ');"><sup>10</sup></span> nine, they certainly re-arrange their burdens upon it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And since it is thus put to public use, it is part of the thoroughfare. ');"><sup>11</sup></span> Abaye asked R. Joseph: What of a pit?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Nine deep. ');"><sup>12</sup></span> — He replied: The same holds good of a pit. Raba said: It does not hold good of a pit. What is the reason? Service through difficulty is not designated service.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It can only be used with difficulty; therefore it is not part of the street. ');"><sup>13</sup></span> R. Adda b. Mattenah raised an objection before Raba: If one's basket is lying in the street, ten [handbreadths] high and four broad,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As such it is private ground; v. supra fol. 6a. ');"><sup>14</sup></span> one may not move an object] from it into the street or from the street into it; but if less, one may carry; and the same applies to a pit. Surely that refers to the second clause?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' sc. o n nine handbreadths. ');"><sup>15</sup></span> — No: to the first clause. He raised an objection:
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