Shabbat 267

חספניתא מאי תקנתיה לימשי טובא במיא דסילקא:

What is his remedy? Let him wash it well in beet juice.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or, water in which vegetables were thoroughly boiled. ');">¹</span> IF ONE DID NOT CRUSH [IT] ON THE EVE OF THE SABBATH. Our Rabbis taught: The things which may not be done for circumcision on the Sabbath may be done on Festivals: cummin may be crushed, and wine and oil may be beaten up together on its account. Abaye asked R. Joseph: Wherein does [the powdering of] cummin on Festivals differ? [presumably] because it can be used in a dish?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence since it is permitted for this purpose, it is permitted for circumcision too. ');">²</span>

לא שחק מערב שבת: תנו רבנן דברים שאין עושין למילה בשבת עושין לה ביו"ט שוחקין לה כמון וטורפין לה יין ושמן

then wine and oil too are fit for an invalid on the Sabbath? For it was taught: One may not beat up wine and oil for an invalid on the Sabbath. R. Simeon b. Eleazar said in R. Meir's name: One may indeed beat up wine and oil. R. Simeon b. Eleazar related, R. Meir was once suffering internally,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'in his bowels'. ');">³</span> and we wished to beat up wine and oil for him, but he would not permit us. Said we to him, Your words shall be made void in your own lifetime! Though I rule thus, he replied, yet my colleagues rule otherwise, [and] have never<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'throughout my days'. ');">⁴</span>

א"ל אביי לרב יוסף מאי שנא כמון בי"ט דחזי לקדרה יין ושמן חזי נמי בשבת לחולה דתניא אין טורפין יין ושמן לחולה בשבת אמר ר"ש בן אלעזר משום ר"מ אף טורפין יין ושמן

presumed to disregard the words of my colleagues. Now he was stringent in respect to himself, but for all others it is permitted? — There it need not be well beaten, whereas here it needs to be well beaten. Then let us do likewise here too and not mix it well? — That is what he teaches, EACH MUST BE PLACED SEPARATELY.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which means that they may be poured together but not mixed well. ');">⁵</span> Our Rabbis taught: One may not strain mustard grain through its own strainer,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On Festivals. ');">⁶</span>

א"ר שמעון בן אלעזר פעם אחת חש רבי מאיר במעיו ובקשנו לטרוף לו יין ושמן ולא הנחנו אמרנו לו דבריך יבטלו בחייך אמר לנו אע"פ שאני אומר כך וחבירי אומרים כך מימי לא מלאני לבי לעבור על דברי חבירי הוא ניהו דמחמיר אנפשיה אבל לכולי עלמא שרי

nor sweeten it with a glowing coal.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The meat made the mustard more palatable. ');">⁷</span> Abaye asked R. Joseph: Wherein does it differ from what we learnt: An egg may be passed through a mustard strainer?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To render the egg clear. ');">⁸</span>

התם לא בעי ליכא הכא בעי ליכא הכא נמי ניעביד ולא לילך היינו דקתני נותן זה בפני עצמו וזה בפני עצמו:

There it does not look like selecting,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because all of it passes through. ');">⁹</span> whereas here it looks like selecting,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because some of the inferior grains remain on top. — Nevertheless it is not actual selecting, because even they are fit for use (Tosaf.). ');">¹⁰</span>

ת"ר אין מסננין את החרדל במסננת שלו ואין ממתקין אותו בגחלת א"ל אביי לרב יוסף מאי שנא מהא דתנן נותנים ביצה במסננת של חרדל

he replied. 'Nor sweeten it with a glowing coal'. But surely it was taught, One may sweeten it with a glowing coal? — There is no difficulty: one refers to a metal coal, the other to a wood coal.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The latter is forbidden, as it is extinguished in the process, which is prohibited on Festivals. ');">¹¹</span> Abaye asked R. Joseph: Wherein does it differ from [roasting] meat on coals?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Though this puts them out. ');">¹²</span>

א"ל התם לא מיחזי כבורר הכא מיחזי כבורר

— There it is impossible,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That the meat should be roasted before the Festival and be just as tasty. ');">¹³</span> whereas here it is possible.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The mustard grains could have been sweetened the previous day. ');">¹⁴</span>

ואין ממתקין אותו בגחלת והתניא ממתקין אותו בגחלת לא קשיא כאן בגחלת של מתכת כאן בגחלת של עץ

Abaye asked R. Joseph: What about cheese-making?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On Festivals. ');">¹⁵</span> — It is forbidden, answered he. Wherein does it differ from kneading [dough]? — There it is impossible, here it is possible, replied he.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V.p. 673, nn. 12, 13. ');">¹⁶</span>

א"ל אביי לרב יוסף מ"ש מבישרא אגומרי א"ל התם לא אפשר הכא אפשר

But the people of Nehardea say: Freshly-made<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'of the (same) day'. ');">¹⁷</span> cheese is palatable? — They mean this: even freshly-made cheese is palatable.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' But It is still more so when it is made the previous day. ');">¹⁸</span>

א"ל אביי לרב יוסף מהו לגבן א"ל אסור מ"ש מלישה א"ל התם לא אפשר הכא אפשר

ONE MAY NOT MAKE A HALUK FOR IT, etc. Abaye said, Mother told me: The side-selvedge of an infant's haluk should be uppermost,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., not facing the flesh. ');">¹⁹</span> lest a thread thereof stick and he [the infant] may become privily mutilated.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When the haluk is pulled away. ');">²⁰</span>

והא אמרי נהרדעי גבינה בת יומא מעליא הכי קאמרי דאפילו גבינה בת יומא מעליא:

Abaye's mother used to make a lining<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'covering'. ');">²¹</span> for half [the haluk].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., she left the seam or selvedge on the inner side, but lined it half way down, so that it should not touch the membrum. ');">²²</span>

אין עושין לה חלוק כו': אמר אביי אמרה לי אם האי חלוק דינוקא לפניה לסיטרא לעילאי דילמא מידביק גרדא מיניה ואתי לידי כרות שפכה אימיה דאביי עבדא כיסתתא לפלגא אמר אביי האי ינוקא דלית ליה חלוק לייתי בליתא דאית ליה שיפתא וליכרכיה לשיפתא לתתאי ועייף ליה לעילאי

Abaye said: If there is no haluk for an infant, a hemmed rag should be brought, and the hem tied round at the bottom<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of the membrum, so as not to touch the wound. ');">²³</span> and doubled over at the top.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus the edge is on the outside. ');">²⁴</span>

ואמר אביי אמרה לי אם האי ינוקא דלא ידיע מפקתיה לשייפיה מישחא ולוקמיה להדי יומא והיכא דזיג ליקרעיה בשערתא שתי וערב אבל בכלי מתכות לא משום דזריף ואמר אביי אמרה לי אם האי ינוקא דלא מייץ מיקר דקר פומיה מאי תקנתיה ליתו כסא גומרי ולינקטיה ליה להדי פומיה דחיים פומיה ומייץ ואמר אביי אמרה לי אם האי ינוקא דלא מנשתיה לינפפיה בנפוותא ומנשתיה

Abaye also said: Mother told me, An infant whose anus is not visible should be rubbed with oil and stood in the sun, and where it shows transparent it should be torn crosswise with a barley grain, but not with a metal instrument, because that causes inflammation. Abaye also said: Mother told me, If an infant cannot suck, his lips are cold. What is the remedy? A vessel of burning coals should be brought and held near his nostrils, so as to heat it; then he will suck.

ואמר אביי אמרה לי אם האי ינוקא דלא מעוי ליתו סליתא דאימיה ולישרקיה עילויה ומעוי ואמר אביי אמרה לי אם האי ינוקא דקטין לייתו לסילתא דאימיה ולישרקיה עילויה מקוטנא לאולמא ואי אלים מאולמא לקוטנא ואמר אביי אמרה לי אם האי ינוקא דסומק דאכתי לא איבלע ביה דמא] ליתרחו ליה עד דאיבלע ביה דמא ולימהלוה דירוק ואכתי לא נפל ביה דמיה ליתרחו עד דנפל ביה דמיה ולימהלוה

Abaye also said: Mother told me, If an infant does not breathe,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., gives no signs of life (Rashi and Jast.). 'Ar.: does not urinate. ');">²⁵</span> he should be fanned with a fan, and he will breathe.

דתניא א"ר נתן פעם אחת הלכתי לכרכי הים ובאת אשה לפני שמלה בנה ראשון ומת שני ומת שלישי הביאתו לפני ראיתיו שהוא אדום אמרתי לה המתיני לו עד שיבלע בו דמו המתינה לו עד שנבלע בו דמו ומלה אותו וחיה והיו קורין אותו נתן הבבלי על שמי

Abaye also said: Mother told me, If an infant cannot breathe easily,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rashi. Jast.: cry. ');">²⁶</span> his mother's after-birth should be brought and rubbed over him, [and] he will breathe easily.

שוב פעם אחת הלכתי למדינת קפוטקיא ובאת אשה אחת לפני שמלה בנה ראשון ומת שני ומת שלישי הביאתו לפני ראיתיו שהוא ירוק הצצתי בו ולא ראיתי בו דם ברית אמרתי לה המתיני לו עד שיפול בו דמו והמתינה לו ומלה אותו וחיה והיו קורין שמו נתן הבבלי על שמי:

Abaye also said: Mother told me, If an infant is too thin, his mother's after-birth should be brought and rubbed over him from its narrow end to its wide end;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Starting with the former and continuing until the latter. — This is symbolical: even so should the infant progress (Rashi). ');">²⁷</span> if he is too fat, [it should be rubbed] from the wide to the narrow end. Abaye also said: Mother told me, If an infant is too red, so that the blood is not yet absorbed in him,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Into his limbs, but it is still so the under-surface of the skin. This makes circumcision dangerous. ');">²⁸</span> we must wait until his blood is absorbed and then circumcise him. If he is green, so that he is deficient in blood,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., the blood has not yet fallen into him'. ');">²⁹</span> we must wait until he is full-blooded and then circumcise him. For it was taught, R. Nathan said: I once visited the Sea-towns,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Tyre, etc. ');">³⁰</span> and a woman came before me who had circumcised her first son and he had died and her second son and he had died; the third she brought before me. Seeing that he was [too] red I said to her, Wait until his blood is absorbed. So she waited until his blood was absorbed and [then] circumcised hini and he lived; and they called him Nathan the Babylonian after my name. On another occasion I visited the Province of Cappadocia,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A district of Asia Minor. ');">³¹</span> and a woman came before me who had circumcised her first son and he had died and her second son and he had died; the third she brought before me. Seeing that he was green, I examined hini and saw no covenant blood<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The blood which circumcision causes to flow is so designated. Thus circumcision would be physically dangerous, and furthermore even if performed it would be inadequate, as covenant blood is required. ');">³²</span> in him. I said to her, Wait until he is full-blooded; she waited and [then] circumcised him and he lived, and they called him Nathan the Babylonian, after my name.