Shabbat 285

התם כיון דמסרח דעתיה עילויה מאתמול

There, since they would putrefy,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If left until the evening after the Festival. ');">¹</span>

הכי נמי מסתברא דרבא כר' יהודה סבירא ליה דדרש רבא אשה לא תכנס לבית העצים ליטול מהן אוד ואוד שנשבר אסור להסיקו ביום טוב לפי שמסיקין בכלים ואין מסיקין בשברי כלים שמע מינה:

his mind was [set] upon them from the previous day.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Intending them for cats, and therefore they are mukan (q.v. Glos.). ');">²</span>

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> ב"ש אומרים מעבירין מעל השלחן עצמות וקליפין וב"ה אומרים מסלק את הטבלא כולה ומנערה

Logic too indicates that Raba agrees with R. Judah. For Raba lectured: A woman must not enter a wood-shed to take thence a wood poker;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For wood in a shed is generally meant for fuel, not to be used as a utensil, ');">³</span>

מעבירין מלפני השלחן פירורין פחות מכזית ושער של אפונין ושער עדשים מפני שהוא מאכל בהמה

and if a wood poker is broken [on a Festival], it may not be used as fuel on the Festival, because we may heat with utensils but not with fragments of utensils. This proves it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That Raba accepts the interdict of mukzeh, in accordance with R. Judah. ');">⁴</span>

ספוג אם יש לו עור בית אחיזה מקנחין בו ואם לאו אין מקנחין בו (וחכמים אומרים) בין כך ובין כך ניטל בשבת ואינו מקבל טומאה:

<b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. BETH SHAMMAI SAY: ONE MAY REMOVE BONES AND [NUT]SHELLS FROM THE TABLE;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By hand, though they are not even fit for a dog — dry and hard bones are referred to for Beth Shammai do not accept the interdict of mukzeh. ');">⁵</span>

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> אמר רב נחמן אנו אין לנו אלא ב"ש כרבי יהודה וב"ה כרבי שמעון:

BUT BETH HILLEL RULE: ONE MUST TAKE AWAY THE WHOLE BOARD AND SHAKE IT.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' But the bones and nutshells may not be handled, Beth Hillel accepting the interdict of mukzeh. ');">⁶</span>

מעבירין מלפני השלחן פירורין: מסייע ליה לר' יוחנן דאמר רבי יוחנן פירורין שאין בהן כזית אסור לאבדן ביד:

ONE MAY REMOVE FROM THE TABLE CRUMBS LESS THAN THE SIZE OF AN OLIVE AND THE PANICLES OF BEANS AND LENTILS, BECAUSE THEY ARE FOOD FOR ANIMALS. AS FOR A SPONGE, IF IT HAS A LEATHERN HANDLE, ONE MAY WIPE [THE BOARD] WITH IT; IF NOT, ONE MAY NOT WIPE [THE BOARD] WITH IT.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For fear of wringing out the absorbed moisture. ');">⁷</span>

שער של אפונין: מני ר"ש היא דלית ליה מוקצה

[THE SAGES MAINTAIN]:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is omitted in some versions. ');">⁸</span>

אימא סיפא ספוג אם יש לו בית אחיזה מקנחין בו ואם לאו אין מקנחין בו אתאן לר' יהודה דאמר דבר שאין מתכוין אסור

IN EITHER CASE IT MAY BE HANDLED ON THE SABBATH<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When dry. ');">⁹</span>

בהא אפילו ר"ש מודה דאביי ורבא דאמרי תרוייהו מודה ר"ש בפסיק רישיה ולא ימות

AND IS NOT SUSCEPTIBLE TO DEFILEMENT.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Being neither a wooden utensil, a garment, a sack, nor metal, and only these can become unclean. ');">¹⁰</span>

הני גרעינין דתמרי ארמייתא שרו לטלטולינהו הואיל וחזיין אגב אמן ודפרסייתא אסור

<b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. R. Nahman said: As for us, we have no other [view] but that Beth Shammai agrees with R. Judah, and Beth Hillel with R. Simeon.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Judah accepts the interdict of mukzeh; R. Simeon does not. Hence the views ascribed to Beth Shammai and Beth Hillel respectively in our Mishnah must be reversed. ');">¹¹</span>

שמואל מטלטל להו אגב ריפתא: (שרנ"ם שפ"ז סימן): שמואל לטעמיה דאמר שמואל עושה אדם כל צרכו בפת

ONE MAY REMOVE CRUMBS FROM THE TABLE. This supports R. Johanan. For R. Johanan said: Crumbs less than an olive in size may not be wantonly<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'by hand'. ');">¹²</span>

רבה מטלטל להו אגב לקנא דמיא רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע עביד להו כגרף של ריעי א"ל רב אשי לאמימר וכי עושין גרף של ריעי לכתחילה

destroyed.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rashi: since the Mishnah states, ONE MAY REMOVE, implying that they are removed by hand, and must not be thrown away. Tosaf. rejects this deduction: moreover, it appears from Ber. 52b that 'may be destroyed' is the correct reading. Accordingly, Tosaf. reads there: … may be wantonly destroyed, the deduction being from the statement, BECAUSE THEY ARE FOOD FOR ANIMALS, which may be destroyed. ');">¹³</span>

רב ששת זריק להו בלישניה רב פפא זריק להו אחורי המטה אמרו עליו על רבי זכריה בן אבקולס שהיה מחזיר פניו אחורי המטה וזורקן:

PANICLES OF BEANS. Who is the authority? [Apparently] R. Simeon, who rejects [the interdict of] mukzeh?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For on Judah's view it is mukzeh, since it was together with the edible portion before the Sabbath when it was not mukan for animals. ');">¹⁴</span>

<br><br><big><strong>הדרן עלך נוטל אדם את בנו</strong></big><br><br>

Then consider the final clause: AS FOR A SPONGE, IF IT HAS A LEATHERN HANDLE, ONE MAY WIPE [THE BOARD] WITH IT; IF NOT, ONE MAY NOT WIPE WITH IT: this agrees with R. Judah, who maintains, That which is unintentional is forbidden?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The unintentional act is that in holding it water is wrung out. ');">¹⁵</span> — Here even R. Simeon agrees, for Abaye and Raba both maintained: R. Simeon admits in a case of 'cut off his head but let him not die.'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 357, n. 8. ');">¹⁶</span> The kernels of Syrian dates<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' These were of an inferior quality and only fit for cattle. ');">¹⁷</span> may be handled, since they are fit [for cattle] on account of their parent source,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'their mother'. Sc. the date itself, v. n. 8, the case here being the reverse. ');">¹⁸</span> but those of Persian [dates] are forbidden.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because the dates themselves were fit for human beings. ');">¹⁹</span> Samuel handled them in virtue of [a piece of] bread.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Similar to the cases given supra 142b. ');">²⁰</span> (Mnemonic: <i>SHaRNaS SHaPaZ</i>.)<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 149, n. 6. SH=SHemuel (Samuel). R=Rabbah; N=R. Huna; S=R. AShi, SH=SHesheth, P=R. Papa; Z=R. Zechariah. ');">²¹</span> Samuel is consistent with his view, for Samuel said: One may carry out all his requirements with bread.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Supra 50b. ');">²²</span> Rabbah handled them in virtue of a bowl [flask] of water. R. Huna the son of R. Joshua made them as a pot of excrements.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He collected all the kernels in front of him; the quantity made them repulsive and he could treat them as a pot of excrements, which may be removed. ');">²³</span> Said R. Ashi to Amemar: But may we make a pot of excrements at the outset?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Surely not. Thus he disagrees with R. Huna. ');">²⁴</span> R. Shesheth threw them away [spat them out] with his tongue. R. Papa threw them behind the couch.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Upon which he reclined while eating. ');">²⁵</span> It was said of R. Zechariah b. Eucolos that he would turn his face to the back of the couch and throw them away.