Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Shabbat 46

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1

ומפני ביטול עניים שלא יהו עניים יושבין ומשמרין עכשיו מניח בעה"ב פאה ומפני חשד שלא יהיו עוברין ושבין אומרים תבא מארה לאדם שלא הניח פאה בשדהו ומשום (ויקרא יט, ט) בל תכלה אטו כולהו לאו משום בל תכלה נינהו אמר רבא מפני הרמאין:

and against wasting the time of the poor: that the poor should not have to sit and watch out, 'now the owner will leave pe'ah'; and against suspicion: that passers-by may not say, 'cursed be the man who has not left <i>pe'ah</i> in his field'; and against [transgressing] thou shalt not finish off: are not all these on account of, 'thou shalt not finish off'?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The other three are reasons why the Torah said this. ');"><sup>1</sup></span> — Said Raba, [It means, as a precaution] against cheats.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who may not leave anything and maintain that they left pe'ah in the middle of the field. ');"><sup>2</sup></span> R. Isaac b. Redifah said in R. Huna's name: A lamp with two spouts is credited to two people.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who each fulfils his obligations, i.e., where only one light is used; supra 21b. ');"><sup>3</sup></span>

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2

אמר רב יצחק בר רדיפה א"ר הונא נר שיש לה שני פיות עולה לב' בני אדם אמר רבא מילא קערה שמן והקיפה פתילות כפה עליה כלי עולה לכמה בני אדם לא כפה עליה כלי עשאה כמין מדורה ואפילו לאחד נמי אינה עולה:

Raba said: If one fills a dish with oil and surrounds it with wicks, and places a vessel over it,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that the whole looks like a lamp with many spouts. ');"><sup>4</sup></span> it is credited to many people; if he does not place a vessel over it, he turns it into a kind of fire,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' All the flames merge into one and create one great blaze; it does not look like a lamp at all then. ');"><sup>5</sup></span> and is not credited even to one.

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3

אמר רבא פשיטא לי נר ביתו ונר חנוכה נר ביתו עדיף משום שלום ביתו נר ביתו וקידוש היום נר ביתו עדיף משום שלום ביתו בעי רבא נר חנוכה וקידוש היום מהו קידוש היום עדיף דתדיר או דילמא נר חנוכה עדיף משום פרסומי ניסא בתר דאבעיא הדר פשטה נר חנוכה עדיף משום פרסומי ניסא:

Raba said: It is obvious to me [that if one must choose between] the house light and the Hanukkah light,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He cannot afford both. Rashi observes that this refers to the Sabbath. ');"><sup>6</sup></span> the former is preferable, on account [of the importance] of the peace of the home;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. infra 25b. ');"><sup>7</sup></span> [between] the house light and [wine for] the Sanctification of the Day,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Sabbath and the Festivals were sanctified over wine. ');"><sup>8</sup></span>

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4

אמר רב הונא הרגיל בנר הויין ליה בנים תלמידי חכמים הזהיר במזוזה זוכה לדירה נאה הזהיר בציצית זוכה לטלית נאה הזהיר בקידוש היום זוכה וממלא גרבי יין רב הונא הוה רגיל דהוה חליף ותני אפתחא דרבי אבין נגרא חזא דהוה רגיל בשרגי טובא אמר תרי גברי רברבי נפקי מהכא נפקי מינייהו רב אידי בר אבין ורב חייא בר אבין רב חסדא הוה רגיל דהוה חליף ותני אפיתחא דבי נשא דרב שיזבי חזא דהוה רגיל בשרגי טובא אמר גברא רבא נפק מהכא נפק מינייהו רב שיזבי

the house light is preferable, on account of the peace of the home. Raba propounded: What [if the choice lies between] the Hanukkah lamp and the Sanctification of the Day: is the latter more important, because it is permanent;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Coming every week; by comparison Hanukkah is temporary, coming but once a year. ');"><sup>9</sup></span> or perhaps the Hanukkah lamp is preferable, on account of advertising the miracle? After propounding, he himself solved it: The Hanukkah lamp is preferable, on account of advertising the miracle. R. Huna said: He who habitually practises [the lighting of] the lamp will possess scholarly sons; he who is observant of [the precept of] <i>mezuzah</i><span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. ');"><sup>10</sup></span>

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5

דביתהו דרב יוסף הות מאחרה ומדלקת לה אמר לה רב יוסף תניא (שמות יג, כב) לא ימיש עמוד הענן יומם ועמוד האש לילה מלמד שעמוד ענן משלים לעמוד האש ועמוד האש משלים לעמוד הענן סברה לאקדומה אמר לה ההוא סבא תנינא ובלבד שלא יקדים ושלא יאחר:

will merit a beautiful dwelling; he who is observant of fringes<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V.Num. XV, 38. ');"><sup>11</sup></span> will merit a beautiful garment; he who is observant of the Sanctification of the Day will be privileged to fill barrels of wine.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., he will be wealthy. ');"><sup>12</sup></span> R. Huna was accustomed frequently to pass the door of R. Abin the carpenter.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Many of the Rabbis were workers or tradespeople, the office of the Rabbinate being unpaid in most cases. ');"><sup>13</sup></span>

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6

אמר רבא דרחים רבנן הוו ליה בנין רבנן דמוקיר רבנן הוו ליה חתנוותא רבנן דדחיל מרבנן הוא גופיה הוי צורבא מרבנן ואי לאו בר הכי הוא משתמען מיליה כצורבא מרבנן:

Seeing that he habitually lit many lights, he remarked, Two great men will issue hence. R. Idi b. Abin and R. Hiyya b. Abin issued thence. R. Hisda was accustomed frequently to pass the house of R. Shizbi's father.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So translated by BaH. ');"><sup>14</sup></span> Seeing that he habitually lit many lights, he remarked, A great man will issue hence. R. Shizbi issued thence. R. Joseph's wife used to kindle [the Sabbath lights] late.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Just before nightfall. ');"><sup>15</sup></span>

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7

ולא בשמן שריפה וכו': מאי שמן שריפה אמר רבה שמן של תרומה שנטמאה ואמאי קרו לה שמן שריפה הואיל ולשריפה עומד ובשבת מ"ט לא מתוך שמצוה עליו לבערו גזרה שמא יטה א"ל אביי אלא מעתה ביו"ט לישתרי אלמה תנן אין מדליקין בשמן שריפה ביו"ט גזרה י"ט אטו שבת

[Thereupon] R. Joseph said to her, It was taught: He took not away the pillar of cloud by day, and the pillar of fire by night:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ex. XIII, 22. ');"><sup>16</sup></span> this teaches that the pillar of cloud overlapped<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'completed'. ');"><sup>17</sup></span> the pillar of fire, and the pillar of fire overlapped the pillar of cloud. Thereupon she thought of doing it very early. Said an old man to her: It was taught: Providing that one is not too early<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As it is not evident that it is lit in honour of the Sabbath. ');"><sup>18</sup></span>

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8

רב חסדא אמר לשמא יטה לא חיישינן אלא הכא ביו"ט שחל להיות ע"ש עסקינן לפי שאין שורפין קדשים ביו"ט והא מדקתני סיפא אין מדליקין בשמן שרפה ביו"ט מכלל דרישא לאו ביו"ט עסקי' א"ר חנינא מסורא מה טעם קאמר מה טעם אין מדליקין בשמן שריפה ביו"ט לפי שאין שורפין קדשים ביו"ט

or too late. Raba said: He who loves the Rabbis will have sons who are Rabbis; he who honours the Rabbis will have Rabbis for sons-in-law; he who stands in awe of the Rabbis will himself be a Rabbinical scholar. But if he is not fit for this, his words will be heeded like those of a Rabbinical scholar.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This dictum was possibly a reproof of the hostility sometimes shown towards the Rabbis: cf. Sanh. 99b. ');"><sup>19</sup></span> NOR WITH OIL OF BURNING. What is OIL OF BURNING? Said Rabbah, Oil of <i>terumah</i> which was defiled; and why is it called OIL OF BURNING? Because it stands to be burnt. And why is this forbidden on the Sabbath? — Since it is one's duty to destroy it, we fear lest he tilt [the lamp].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To accelerate it. ');"><sup>20</sup></span> Abaye objected: if so, let it be permitted on Festivals.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since making a fire on Festivals is permitted. ');"><sup>21</sup></span> Why did we learn: One must not kindle [the lamp] on Festivals with oil of burning!-Festivals are forbidden on account of the Sabbath.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lest it be thought that the latter too is permitted. ');"><sup>22</sup></span> R. Hisda said: We have no fear lest he tilt [it], but here the reference is to a Festival which falls on the eve of the Sabbath, and as for the prohibition, [the reason is] because sacred food<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which includes terumah. ');"><sup>23</sup></span> must not be burnt on Festivals.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Even when, being defiled, it is unfit for food. ');"><sup>24</sup></span> But since the second clause<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Mishnah on 24b. ');"><sup>25</sup></span> states, One must not light on Festivals with oil of burning, it follows that the first clause does not refer to Festivals? — R. Hanina of Sura answered: This [the second clause] states, 'What is the reason': what is the reason that one must not light [the lamp] on Festivals with oil of burning? Because sacred food must not be burnt on Festivals.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [The words, 'one must not light on Festivals with oil of burning' in the second clause, is another way of stating the rule that holy food must not be burnt on Festivals]. ');"><sup>26</sup></span>

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