Shabbat 93

הנח לנר שמן ופתילה הואיל דנעשה בסיס לדבר האסור

leave the lamp, oil, and wicks alone,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' They cannot be compared with others. ');">¹</span> because they become a base for a forbidden thing.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the flame. Whilst the lamp is alight everything may be regarded as subsidiary to the flame: R. Simeon admits that such mukzeh is forbidden. ');">²</span> R. Zera said in R. Assi's name in R. Johananis name in R. Hanina's name in the name of R. Rommanus: Rabbi permitted me to handle a pan with its ashes.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Used for fumigating. This is the meaning as first supposed. Ashes are mukzeh, and it is assumed that he was permitted to move the ashes on account of the pan, which is a utensil. ');">³</span>

א"ר זירא א"ר אסי א"ר יוחנן אמר ר' חנינא אמר רבי רומנוס לי התיר רבי לטלטל מחתה באפרה א"ל רבי זירא לרבי אסי מי אמר רבי יוחנן הכי והתנן נוטל אדם בנו והאבן בידו או כלכלה והאבן בתוכה ואמר רבה בר בר חנה א"ר יוחנן בכלכלה מלאה פירות עסקינן טעמא דאית בה פירי הא לית בה פירי לא

Said R. Zera to R. Assi: Did R. Johanan say thus? But we learnt: A man may take up his son while he is holding a stone, or a basket containing a stone. Whereon Rabbah b. Bar Hanah said in R. Johanan's name: The reference is to a basket filled with fruit. Thus, only because it contains fruit; but if it does not contain fruit, it is not so?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And the pan is analogous. ');">⁴</span> 'He was astonied for a while,'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Dan. IV, 16. ');">⁵</span> then answered, Here too it means that it [the pan] contains [also] some grains [of spice]. Abaye objected: Did grains have any value in Rabbi's house?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Surely not! Hence the pan with the ashes may not be handled on their account. ');">⁶</span>

(דניאל ד, טז) אישתומם כשעה חדא ואמר הכא נמי דאית בה קרטין אמר אביי קרטין בי רבי מי חשיבי

And should you answer, They were fit for the poor, — surely it was taught: 'The garments of the poor for the poor, and the garments of the wealthy for the wealthy'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The reference is to the minimum size of material which is liable to defilement as a 'garment'. The smallest size which has any value to a wealthy person is three handbreadths square; if it is less, he throws it away. A poor man, however, endeavours to find a use for it even if it is only three fingerbreadths square, and that accordingly is his minimum (cf. supra 26b seq.). These are the minima for the wealthy and the poor respectively which are technically called garments. ');">⁷</span> But those of the poor are not [deemed fit] for the purpose of the wealthy?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' They do not rank as 'garments' when in a wealthy man's possession. The same principle applies here. ');">⁸</span> But said Abaye, it is analogous to a chamber pot.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which may be carried away with the excrements, and similarly the pan and ashes. ');">⁹</span>

וכי תימא חזו לעניים והתניא בגדי עניים לעניים בגדי עשירים לעשירים אבל דעניים לעשירים לא אלא אמר אביי מידי דהוה אגרף של ריעי

Raba observed: There are two refutations to this. Firstly, a chamber pot is repulsive, while this is not repulsive.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence the former must be removed. ');">¹⁰</span> And secondly, a chamber pot is uncovered, whereas this is covered!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Their shovels or coal pans were covered with a lid or top. ');">¹¹</span> Rather, said Raba, when we were at R. Nahmanis we would handle a brazier on account of its ashes,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., when the ashes were needed for covering anything. These ashes were counted upon for this from before the Sabbath, and hence the whole might be handled. So here too, R. Romanus states that Rabbi permitted him to handle a fumigating pan on account of the ashes. ');">¹²</span>

אמר רבא שתי תשובות בדבר חדא גרף של ריעי מאיס והאי לא מאיס ועוד גרף של ריעי מיגלי והאי מיכסי אלא אמר רבא כי הוינן בי רב נחמן הוה מטלטלינן כנונא אגב קיטמא ואע"ג דאיכא עליה שברי עצים מיתיבי ושוין שאם יש בה שברי פתילה שאסור לטלטל אמר אביי בגלילא שנו

even if broken pieces of wood were lying upon it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The latter might not be handled, and therefore the utensil which contained it likewise, save that it also contained ashes. ');">¹³</span> An objection is raised: And both<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Judah and R. Simeon. ');">¹⁴</span> agree that if it [a lamp] contains fragments of a wick, it may not be handled.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The same applies to pieces of wood on a brazier. For the lamp also contains oil, just as the brazier contains ashes too. ');">¹⁵</span>

לוי בר שמואל אשכחינהו לרבי אבא ולרב הונא בר חייא דהוו קיימי אפיתחא דבי רב הונא אמר להו מהו להחזיר מטה של טרסיים בשבת אמרו ליה שפיר דמי אתא לקמיה דרב יהודה אמר הא רב ושמואל דאמרי תרוייהו המחזיר מטה של טרסיים בשבת חייב חטאת

Said Abaye: They learnt this of Galilee.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Owing to the abundance of oil in Galilee the residue of oil in the lamp would be of no value to its owner, and therefore the lamp with the fragments of wick may not be handled on account of its oil (Tosaf. and R. Nissim Gaon). ');">¹⁶</span> Levi b. Samuel met R. Abba and R. Huna b. Hiyya standing at the door of R. Huna's college. Said he to them: Is it permissible to re-assemble a weaver's frame on the Sabbath?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The frame or loom consisted of jointed parts, which fitted into each other. ');">¹⁷</span> — It is well, answered they. Then he went before Rab Judah, who said: Surely Rab and Samuel both rule: If one re-assembles a weaver's frame on the Sabbath, he as liable to a sin-offering.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If done in ignorance. ');">¹⁸</span>

מיתיבי המחזיר קנה מנורה בשבת חייב חטאת קנה סיידין לא יחזיר ואם החזיר פטור אבל אסור רבי סימאי אומר קרן עגולה חייב קרן פשוטה פטור אינהו דאמור כי האי תנא דתניא מלבנות המטה וכרעות המטה ולווחים של סקיבס לא יחזיר ואם החזיר פטור

An objection is raised: If one puts back the branch of a candelabrum on the Sabbath, he is liable to a sin-offering; as for the joint of a whitewasher's pole,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The handle of the painter's brush was jointed, to allow of different lengths according to requirements. ');">¹⁹</span> it must not be re-inserted, yet if one does re-insert it, he is exempt, but it is forbidden.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A candelabrum is not taken to pieces frequently, and therefore when one inserts its branches he finishes its manufacture; hence he is liable to a sin-offering, it being a general rule that this is incurred for the completion of any utensil. But a painter's brush is continually taken to pieces; therefore the insertion of one of its parts is only temporary and does not complete it. ');">²⁰</span> R. Simai said: For a circular horn, one is liable; for a straight horn, one is exempt!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' These are musical instruments into which reeds were inserted to give various notes; v. T.A. III, 96. The putting together of the former was skilled work; hence liability is incurred. But the latter was assembled amateurishly, being frequently taken to pieces; hence no liability is incurred.-The difficulty is presented by the branch of a candelabrum, whose principle is the same as a weaver's frame. ');">²¹</span> — They<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Abba and R. Huna b. Hiyya. ');">²²</span> ruled as this Tanna. For it was taught: The sockets of a bed,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Into which the legs of a bed fitted. to prevent them from being rotted by the damp earth. ');">²³</span> the legs of a bed, and the archer's tablets,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rashi: a small wooden plaque inserted in the bow upon which the arrow presses before it is released. Jast. translates: 'the boards on which the straw rests', but does not make it clear what fitting or joining is required there. ');">²⁴</span> may not be re-inserted, yet if one does re-insert [them], he is not liable [to a sin-offering],