Zevachim 101

מטהרת טריפתה מטומאתה אף מליקה שמכשרתה באכילה תטהר טריפתה מטומאתה

cleanses it, when terefah, from its uncleanness; so wringing [the neck], which makes it [a bird sacrifice] fit f eating, cleanses it, when terefah, from its uncleanness.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This argument is a binyan ab. Thus what was learnt by a kal wa-homer then teaches through a binyan ab.');">¹</span>

ר' יוסי אומר דיה כנבלת בהמה טהורה ששחיטתה מטהרתה ולא מליקתה

R'Jose said: It is sufficient that it be like the neb of a clean [i.e., edible] animal, which is cleansed by shechitah, but not by wringing its neck.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since the argument is alternately based on an animal, the bird sacrifice cannot be clean where the animal would not be.');">²</span>

ולא היא התם תיהוי היא משחיטה דחולין קאתיין.

Yet that is not so: even granted there that it is so, yet it is deduced from the shechitah of hullin.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Talmud rejects R. Jeremiah's proof. Firstly, because R. Meir does not really learn it by a binyan ab, as might appear here, but from hekkesh, as stated infra ');">³</span>

דבר הלמד בבנין אב מהו שילמד בהיקש ובג"ש ובק"ו ובבנין אב

Can that which is learnt by a binyan ab teach by a hekkesh or by a gezerah shawah or by a kal wa-homer or by a binyan ab? - Solve one [of the questions] from the following: Why did they say that if the blood is kept overnight [on the altar] it is fit?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., if it was taken up on the altar it is not taken down.');">⁴</span>

פשוט מהא חדא מפני מה אמרו לן בדם כשר שהרי לן באימורין כשר לן באימורין כשר שהרי לן בבשר כשר

Because if the emurim are kept overnight they are fit.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Likewise in the same sense. Similarly the other cases mentioned.');">⁵</span>

יוצא הואיל ויוצא כשר בבמה

Why are the emurim fit if kept overnight?

טמא הואיל והותר בעבודת ציבור

Because the flesh is fit if kept overnight.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As two days were allowed for the eating of peace-offerings. Thus emurim are learnt by a binyan ab from the flesh, and these in turn teach by a binyan ab in respect of the blood.');">⁶</span>

חוץ לזמנו הואיל ומרצה לפיגולו

[Flesh that] goes out?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Why does such flesh not descend if this is taken up on the altar?');">⁷</span>

חוץ למקומו הואיל והוקש לחוץ לזמנו

Because [flesh that] goes out is fit at the high place [bamah].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Where sacrifices were offered before the building of the Temple (v. p. 82, n. 1.) .');">⁸</span>

שקיבלו פסולין וזרקו דמן בהנך פסולין דחזו לעבודת ציבור

Unclean [flesh]?

וכי דנין דבר שלא בהכשירו מדבר שבהכשירו

Because it was permitted in public service.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 84, n. 7.');">⁹</span>

תנא מזאת תורת העולה ריבה סמיך ליה:

[The emurim of a burnt-offering intended to be burnt] after time?

שירי הדם כו': מאי טעמא אמר קרא (ויקרא ד, ז) אל יסוד מזבח העולה אשר פתח אהל מועד ההוא דפגע ברישא

Because it propitiates in respect of its piggul status.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The sprinkling of the blood is effective (technically 'propitiates') in making it piggul and involving kareth, just as though all its mattirin had been offered (v. supra 28b, p. 143, n. 1.) . The emurim of piggul do not descend, once they ascended.');">¹⁰</span>

ת"ר אל יסוד מזבח העולה ולא יסוד מזבח הפנימי

[The emurim of a burnt-offering intended to be burnt] out of bounds?

אל יסוד מזבח העולה אין לו יסוד לפנימי עצמו

Because it was likened to [the intention to burn it] after time.

אל יסוד מזבח העולה תן יסוד למזבח של עולה

Where unfit [persons] received [the blood] and sprinkled it - in the case of those unfit persons who are eligible for public service.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' E.g., an unclean priest, who is fit when the sacrifice is brought in uncleanness. - Only then does the blood not descend, once it ascended. This is apparently the meaning of the text, but in that case the question is left unanswered. Possibly, however, the second half is the answer; thus: Why does the blood not descend when unfit persons received or sprinkled it? Because it does not descend in the case of those unfit persons who are eligible for public service, i.e., unclean priests when the community is unclean.');">¹¹</span>

או אינו אלא מזבחה של עולה יהא ליסוד אמר ר' ישמעאל קל וחומר מה שיריים שאין מכפרין טעונין יסוד תחלת עולה שמכפרת אינו דין שטעונה יסוד

Can you then argue from what is its proper way to that where the same is not the proper way?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' E.g., you argue that the emurim if kept overnight do not descend because the flesh if kept overnight is fit. But the flesh may be kept overnight, whereas the emurim may not. Similarly, when the Temple stood the flesh might not be taken out; whereas there were no boundaries at all in the case of the bamah.');">¹²</span>

אמר רבי עקיבא מה שיריים שאין מכפרין ואין באין לכפרה טעונה יסוד תחלת עולה שמכפרת ובאה לכפרה אינו דין שטעונה יסוד

- The Tanna relies on the extension indicated by This is the law of the burnt-offering.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. VI, 2. The verse teaches that all the burnt-offerings (i.e., even when they have the defects mentioned in the text) have one law, and do not descend once they have ascended. The arguments given are mere supports, though strictly speaking they cannot be sustained.');">¹³</span>

א"כ מה ת"ל אל יסוד מזבח העולה תן יסוד למזבחה של עולה

THE RESIDUE OF THE BLOOD etc. What is the reason? - Scripture saith, [And all the remaining blood of the bullock shall he pour out] at the base of the altar of burnt-offering [which is at the door of the tent o meeting];<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. IV, 7.');">¹⁴</span>

אמר מר אל יסוד מזבח ולא יסוד מזבח הפנימי הא מיבעי ליה לגופיה (ויקרא ד, ז) מאשר פתח אהל מועד נפקא

[this intimates]: the one which you first meet.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As you enter from the door. This was the western base.');">¹⁵</span>

אל יסוד מזבח העולה

Our Rabbis taught: 'At the base of the altar of burnt-offering', but not at the base of the inner altar; 'at base of the altar of burnt-offering': the inner altar itself has no base; 'at the base of the altar of burnt-off apply [the laws of] the base to the altar of burnt-offering.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Bible contains five sections dealing with the sin-offering (Lev. IV) , viz.: (i) The sin-offering of the anointed priest (vv. 1-12) ; (ii) that of the whole congregation (13-22) ; (iii) that of a ruler (22-26) ; (iv) the female goat of a common layman (27-32) ; and (v) the lamb of a common layman');">¹⁶</span> Yet perhaps that is not so; rather [it intimates]: there be a base to the altar of burnt-offering?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Perhaps it does not teach anything concerning the residue of the blood, but that the two sprinklings of the blood of the burnt-offering must be made over against that part of the altar which had a special base; this would exclude the south-east horn, which had no base (v. infra 53b) .');">¹⁷</span> Said R'Ishmael [This would follow] a fortiori: if the residue [of the blood of the sin-offering], which does not make atonement, requires the base; then surely the sprinkling itself of the [blood of the] burnt-offering,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'the beginning of the burnt-offering'.');">¹⁸</span> which makes atonement, requires the base!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., it must be sprinkled on the horns provided with a base, as in the preceding note. The rendering is not quite literal. Thus a special text would not be required, if its teaching were only as suggested.');">¹⁹</span> Said R'Akiba [too: This would follow] a fortiori: if the residue, which does not make atonement and does not come for atonement, requires the base; is it not logical that the sprinkling itself of the [blood of the] burnt-offer which makes atonement and comes for atonement, requires the base? If so, why does Scripture state, 'at the base of the altar of burnt-offering'? To teach: apply [the laws of] the base to the altar of burnt-offering. The Master said: 'At the base of the altar of burnt-offering, but not at the base of the inner altar.' Surel is required for its own purpose?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Viz., that the residue is to be poured out at the base of the outer altar; nevertheless, if he wishes to pour it out at the base of the inner altar, he should certainly be permitted, since this is more sacred. Though it has been deduced that the inner altar had no special base at all, that is only on the assumption that all three are superfluous; but if the first is required for the purpose of stating the law, then the second is required for the present limitation, and the third as in the text, leaving nothing to shew that the inner altar was not provided with a base.');">²⁰</span> - That is learnt from, which is at the door of the tent of meeting.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which shews that the outer altar is meant; hence 'of burnt-offering' is superfluous.');">²¹</span> 'At the base of the altar of burnt-offering: