Zevachim 40

בשלמא לאביי דמוקים לה כרבי ומודי רבי דמקרות הגבר עד צפרא לא פסלה לינה הא מני רבי היא

Now it is well according to Abaye who interprets it [R'Johanan's ruling] as agreeing with Rabbi, for Rabbi admits that the passing of the night does not nullify [in the interval between] cockcrow and morning; for this will then be according to Rabbi.

אלא לרבא דמוקים לה כרבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון אבל לרבי מקרות הגבר עד צפרא פסלה לינה הא מני אי רבי פסלה לינה אי רבי אלעזר בר"ש הא אמר אפי' מיכן ועד עשרה ימים אינו צריך לקדש

But according to Raba, who interprets it as agreeing with R'Eleazar son of R'Simeon [only], but in Rabbi's opinion the passing of the night nullifies [even] from cockcrow until morning, with whom does this agree?

לעולם כרבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון והכא במאי עסקינן בכהני חדתי:

If with Rabbi, then the passing of the night nullifies it; if with R'Eleazar son of R'Simeon, surely he said that he does not need sanctification even for ten days? - In truth, it agrees with R'Eleazar son of R'Simeon, the reference being to fresh priests.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who had not been ministering earlier in the night.');">¹</span>

איבעיא להו יציאה מהו שתועיל בקידוש ידים ורגלים אם תימצי לומר לינה לא פסלה דלא פריש אבל יציאה דפריש אסוחי מסח דעתיה או דלמא כיון דבידו לחזור לא מסח

It was asked: Is going out [of the Temple court] effective [to invalidate] sanctification of hands and feet?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To make it necessary to repeat it.');">²</span>

ת"ש קידש ידיו ורגליו ונטמאו מטבילן ואין צריך לקדש יצאו הרי הן בקדושתן

If you say that the passing of the night does not invalidate [it], that is because [the priest] did not cease [officiating], but since he ceases when he goes out, he turns his mind away from it;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Therefore he must repeat his lustrations when he returns.');">³</span>

יצאו ידיו לא קמיבעיא לן כי קמיבעיא לן יצא כל גופו מאי

or perhaps since it rests with him to go back, he does not turn his mind away from it? - Come and hear: If he sanctified his hands and feet and they were defiled,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' With an uncleanness which defiles them only, but not the whole body. vuen');">⁴</span>

ת"ש שלא רחוץ ידים ורגלים מקדש בכלי שרת בפנים קידש בכלי שרת בחוץ או בכלי חול בפנים או שטבל במי מערה ועבד עבודתו פסולה טעמא דקידש בכלי שרת בחוץ הא קידש בפנים ויצא עבודתו כשירה

he immerses them,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Immersion in a ritual bath () .');">⁵</span>

דלמא קידש בכלי שרת בחוץ היכי דמי כגון דאפיק ידיו לבר וקידש (הא קידש בפנים ויצא דאפיק ידיה לבר כשירה) אבל יצא כל גופו תיבעי לך

but he need not sanctify [them],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the laver.');">⁶</span>

א"ל רב זביד לרב פפא ת"ש יצא חוץ למחיצת חומת העזרה אם לשהות טעון טבילה אם לפי שעה טעון קידוש ידים ורגלים

If they [his hands and feet] went out [from the Temple court],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The priest stood at the entrance and thrust his hands and feet without.');">⁷</span>

א"ל הכא במאי עסקינן כגון שיצא להסך רגליו ולהטיל מים

they retain their sanctity! - If [only] his hands went out we are not in doubt; our doubt is where his whole body went out; what [is the law then]? - Come and hear: He whose hands or feet are unwashed must sanctify them at a service vessel within.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sanctification might be done either at the laver or from any service vessel v. infra; 'within' means within the Temple court.');">⁸</span>

הא בהדיא קתני לה כל המיסך רגליו טעון טבילה וכל המטיל מים טעון קידוש ידים ורגלים תני והדר מפרש

If he sanctified [them] in a servic vessel without, or in an unconsecrated vessel within; or if he immersed in the water of a pit,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Though normally this cleanses.');">⁹</span>

ת"ש פרה רבי חייא בר יוסף אמר מקדש בכלי שרת בפנים ויוצא ורבי יוחנן אמר אפי' בחוץ ואפי' בכלי חול ואפי' במקידה של חרס

and officiated, his service is invalid.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Immersion, even of the whole body, does not count as sanctification.');">¹⁰</span>

אמר רב פפא שאני פרה הואיל וכל מעשיה בחוץ לא פסלה בה יציאה אי הכי למה לי דמקדש כעין עבודה פנים

Thus it is only because he sanctified [his hands] from a service vessel without; but if he sanctified [them] within and then went out, his [subsequent] service is valid!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For if that too were invalid, this law is superfluous, since he is standing without at the very moment of lustrations.');">¹¹</span>

איבעיא להו טומאה מהו שתועיל לקידוש ידים ורגלים אם תימצי לומר יציאה לא פסלה דגברא חזי אבל הכא דגברא לא חזי אסוחי מסח דעתיה או דלמא כיון דהדר חזי [דק ליה] ולא מסח דעתיה

- [No:] Perhaps what is meant by 'he sanctified [them] in a service vessel without'?

ת"ש קידש ידיו ורגליו ונטמאו מטבילן ואין צריך לקדש

That e.g.

נטמאו ידיו לא מיבעיא לן [כי מיבעיא לן] נטמא כל גופו כל גופו תיפוק לי כיון דבעי למעבד הערב שמש אסוחי מסח דעתיה כגון דאיטמי סמוך לשקיעת החמה

he stretched his hands without and sanctified them;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whilst standing within. Only then is it necessary to state this law.');">¹²</span>

ת"ש פרה רבי חייא ברבי יוסף אמר מקדש בכלי שרת בפנים ויוצא ורבי יוחנן אמר אפילו בחוץ ואפילו בכלי חול ואפילו במקידה של חרס

but if his whole body went out, you may [certainly] be in doubt. Said R'Zebid to R'Papa. Come and hear: If [the priest] went without the barrier of the wall of the Temple court, if [it was his intention] to tarry there, he needs immersion; if for a short while, he needs sanctification of hands and feet! - Said he to him: That means where he went out to ease himself at nature's call. But that is explicitly taught: He who eases himself needs immersion, and he who answers nature's call requires sanctification of hands and feet? - He [first] teaches [the general law] and then defines it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Tanna first states the law about going out, and then defines the cases to which this law applies.');">¹³</span> Come and hear: [For the services in connection with the red] heifer, R'Hiyya B'Joseph said: [The priest] must sanctify [himself] from a service vessel within and then go out;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The burning of the red heifer and the gathering of its ashes and mixing it with water, which are the services here referred to, were done outside Jerusalem.');">¹⁴</span> whereas R'Johanan maintained: [He can sanctify himself] even without [the Temple], even in a profane vessel, even in a fire pot! - Said R'Papa. The [red] heifer is different; since all its services are without, going out does not disqualify it. If so, why must he sanctify [himself at all]? - We want it to be done like the services within. It was asked: Is uncleanness effective in respect of sanctification of hands and feet?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is now assumed that the question is: if the priest's hands became unclean, without the rest of his body, must he resanctify them?');">¹⁵</span> If you say that going out does not invalidate [sanctification], that may be because the person remains fit; but here that the person is no longer fit [for service] he turns his mind from it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which nullifies sanctification.');">¹⁶</span> Or perhaps, since he will be fit again, he is careful and does not turn his mind away from it? - Come and hear: If [the priest] sanctified his hands and his feet and they became unclean, he must immerse them, but need not [re-]sanctify them! - Where his hands [only] became unclean, we do not ask; our question is where his whole body was defiled.' His whole body'! surely I may deduce that he will turn his mind away from it, since he must wait for the setting of the sun?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He does not become clean even after immersion until sunset.');">¹⁷</span> - [The question arises where] e.g. he became unclean just before sunset! Come and hear: [For the service in connection with the red] heifer, R'Hiyya B'Joseph said: [The Priest] must sanctify [himself] from a service vessel within and then go out; whereas R'Johanan maintained: [He can sanctify himself] even without the Temple, even in a profane vessel, even in a firepot.