פירוש על ברכות 59:11

WHEN SHMUEL’S FATHER AND LEVI [WANTED TO SET OUT ON A JOURNEY IN THE MORNING], THEY WOULD PRAY EARLY. The father of Shmuel and Laivee would pray before day when they needed to go on a trip. Literally מקדמי translates as before. Before what? The Gemara is quite vague about this. Tosfos quotes Rashi’s opinion and disagrees with it. He then offers his own opinion. Rashi says that they prayed before the morning star¹ rises. And this does not appear to be correct. For if so, they did not fulfill their obligation at all, for that time is still not day and shacharis must be said during the day.

Before daybreak.