Musar על חולין 26:7
Shenei Luchot HaBerit
This still leaves open the question why the Torah chose the word אדם instead of איש. Granted that, had the Torah spoken about a mandatory עולה offering (which Gentiles are not allowed to bring), I would have thought that the designation אדם was chosen in order to emphasize that only Israelites are included because the title אדם does not apply to Gentiles. We further know from the use by the Torah of the term איש איש (Leviticus 22,18), in connection with קרבן נדבה, that our sages rule that such offerings by Gentiles are acceptable (Menachot 73). Because the Torah in our verse speaks about free-will offerings why would the word איש instead of אדם not have been appropriate?
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Shenei Luchot HaBerit
Moses said to Pharaoh in verse 25: Not only will we not accept any exclusion from you, but we will receive even more than we have asked for. Whereas you, Pharaoh, wanted us to sacrifice part of our own livestock, the fact is that we will sacrifice livestock that at the present moment belongs to you, so that ours will stay intact. Moses indicated that the Jewish G–d was prepared to accept sacrifices offered on behalf of the Gentiles. The reason that both the Egyptians' cattle and sheep and the Israelites' own had to go, said Moses, was because they did not know at this time which livestock G–d would require and find acceptable. Since the offerings under discussion were all free-will offerings, it was not certain that Israel's natural generosity would be considered adequate by G–d. They had to have reserve livestock with them in order to provide for such a contingency. Thus far the plain meaning of these verses.
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Shenei Luchot HaBerit
Moses therefore hinted to Pharaoh that is was appropriate for him also to offer sacrifices to G–d as a representative of an aspect of ראשית, as he was temporarily a first-born. Moses alluded at the same time also to the שר של עשו, and the other spiritual representatives of the 70 nations, suggesting that it behooves them to offer sacrifices to G–d who had assigned to them the role of first-borns for a period of time (as alluded to in Lamentations). Although not all of the שרים of the 70 nations have become ראש, i.e. replaced Israel in its role for a while, they are able to offer such sacrifices. Our sages have ruled that Gentiles may offer free will offerings, and that those may be presented on the altar of the Holy Temple (Menachot 73). The reason is that they possess an aspect of ראשית. We must remember that though we view these pagans as קליפות, even the origin of Samael is in regions of purity, as we have demonstrated elsewhere. There is nothing in this universe which is not ultimately rooted in purity. It could not be otherwise, because G–d is the original Cause of everything. It was He who gave life to all these phenomena. There is no independent existence on earth below or in the Heavens above. The קליפה concept did not emerge until the universe was already in an advanced stage of development. Reflecting on this we appreciate that while Israel was placed under the dominion of these שרים, this does not mean that G–d has abandoned us to the forces of the קליפה.
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