תלמוד על שבת 17:5

A threshold in front of the door; others¹⁷²Babli 6a,9a. Even though in the Mishnah “others” means R. Nathan, here it cannot mean this since R. Nathan dissents. say whenever the door is open it is entirely inside¹⁷³If the threshold is not 10 hand-breadths higher than the public domain. As Rashba explains (ad 9a), since the outside platform is flush with the interior of the house there is no need to rabbinically forbid carrying from the house to the platform. Tosephta 1:6., when it is locked it is entirely outside. What are we dealing with? If it is roofed¹⁷⁴The entrance to the house is covered by a roof fastened to the house and two outside pillars. There is no reason not to consider this part of the house. even when it is locked it is entirely inside, if it is not roofed even when it is open it is entirely outside. But we must deal with the case that it is partially roofed¹⁷⁵There are two possible interpretations. One is that one refers to the entrance to a house where the platform in front of the door extends beyond the roof. The other is that one speaks of the entrance to a dead-end street which was made into a private domain by a log lying horizontally over the entrance which is higher than the public road into which it opens. In that case the log, in order to count as a roof, must be four hand-breadths wide. and partially not roofed. What does it mean, when it is locked it is entirely outside? It is permitted for use from it to the outside and from the outside to it. If there was a hole in the door it is forbidden for use from it to the hole and from the hole to it. Rebbi Nathan says, when it is locked it is entirely outside; when it is open it is partially inside and partially outside. And that is what we wanted to say; a threshold of four when the door is locked is entirely outside, also when the door is open it is partially inside and partially outside¹⁷⁶Because only the space under the roof is counted as part of the house..