Commentary for Berakhot 28:20
אימר דאמר רבי יהושע בן קרחה להקדים קריאה לקריאה קריאה לעשיה מי שמעת ליה
R. Joshua b. Karhah certainly said that the reading [of the yoke of heaven, i.e. "Hear O Israel"] is to precede the reading [of the yoke of the commandments, i.e. "And it shall come to pass"] ; but hast thou heard him say that the reading [of the Shema'] should precede the performance [of the duty of Tefillin] ?
Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
It is customary to conclude the Shema', not with the word "God," but with "true" borrowed from the next paragraph. Has the word "true" to be repeated when continuing the prayer ?
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
M.: "Raba," and so to the end of the paragraph.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
"To descend" (or "to pass" so. before the Ark) means to act as Precentor. On "descending," see p. 65 n. 5.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
I.e. they say the opening and closing words of the third paragraph of the Shema', leaving out all in between, because it refers to the law of "Fringes" which does not apply at night.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Since nothing has been mentioned about the "Fringes" — the theme of the paragraph — one cannot be regarded as having commenced it.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
M. : Behold Rab Samuel b. Rab Isaac has declared.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
In Babylon.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
I.e. the benediction commencing "True and trustworthy"; Singer, p. 93. This benediction contains a reference to the Exodus.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Even in his night-prayers; see above fol. 12b, p. 80.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Continuing "Who is like unto Thee, O Lord?" Singer, p. 99.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Some edd. read "learning" in error.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Why is all this argument necessary, since R. Joshua b. Karhah gives a reason in the Mishnah ?
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
To read the Shema' before putting on the Tefillin. From the following discussion it will be seen that this was not Rab's regular practice, but he did so on one occasion.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Edd. add בקבר "in a grave," which is probably a gloss. M. reads בקיר "in a wall" i.e. of a cave or vault, where graves were often excavated. See J.E. III. p. 437, T.A. II. pp. 72 ff.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
On the principle "One who is occupied with a religions duty is exempt from a religious duty." Cf. the discussion on fol. 11a, p. 68.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Engaged in digging; in which case one continues the work, while the other offers his prayers.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
This Rabbi's statement in the Mishnah is interpreted to mean that first the Shema' must be read and then the Tefillin laid.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
M. adds : "to study the Chapters of the Sifra debe Rab" as on fol. 11b, p. 71.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Prior to studying Torah.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Rab Hiyya b. Ashe's statement has no bearing on the question under discussion. It was quoted to prove that Rab uttered a benediction before lecturing on Mishnah. In fact, this Rabbi's statement quoted in fol. 11 b, does not mention "laid Tefillin and after that read the Shema'."
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
He delayed in bringing the Tefillin for which he had been sent. Rab, fearing that the correct time for reading the Shema' would pass before he arrived, on that occasion read it and afterwards laid the Tefillin.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
An euphemism for "against God." He declares the Unity of God (by reading the Shema') without adducing the evidence as proclaimed by the Tefillin. Rev. A. Newman writes : "Against himself" may be taken literally. The Shema' which he is reading enjoins the wearing of Tefillin ; therefore the recital without the phylacteries involves an inconsistency. His acts belie bis words.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
M. : Rabbah b. Bar Hannah said in the name of R. Johanan.
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