Commentary for Berakhot 29:21
לא ר' יהודה ולא ר' יוסי אי ר' יהודה הא אמר דיעבד אין לכתחלה לא אי ר' יוסי הא אמר דיעבד נמי לא
It can be neither R. Judah's nor R. Jose's. If R. Judah's, he permits it post factum, but not ab initio; if R. Jose's, he does not allow it even post factum.
Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
"The cleansing here has nothing to do with priestly ablution; it means simply to prepare oneself in such a way as to be able to concentrate all one's mind during the prayer without any disturbance"; Schechter, Aspect of Rabbinic Theology, p. 66 n. 1. On the practice of the Essenes, see Schurer, n. ii. p. 199.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
So M. correctly; edd. Raba. Cf. Hyman, II. p. 437 a.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
"His whole body" added by M.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Implying that he is totally clean.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
M.: Raba to Rafram b. Pappa.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
There is a similar law among the Muhammadans : "But if... ye find no water, take fine clean sand and rub your faces and your hands therewith"; Koran iv. 46, v. 9; Lane, p. 72.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
M.: "At the time of the reading of the Shema'." He feared that the right time would pass during the search for water.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
The time for Tefillah is not so strictly defined.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Some authorities insert here : "These are the words of R. Judah."
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Who allows it to be read inaudibly, how does he explain "Hear"? See fol 13 a, p. 83.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Because the act was accompanied by the saying of a benediction which the deaf man would not be able to hear.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
In Rabbinic law a distinction is often drawn between the validity of an act which one contemplates doing and its validity after it has been performed; and it is sometimes decided that though the former (לְכַתְּחִלָּה "as at the beginning," ab initio) is illegitimate, nevertheless the accomplished fact דִיעֲבַד = דְּאִיעֲבַד "that which has been done," post factum) may be considered as complying with the requirements of the law. See Mielziner, p. 197 ; Bacher, Terminologie, ii. p. 232.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Omitted by M. in conformity with the wording of the Mishnah.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
R. Jose's objection to inaudibility does not apply to the benediction of Terumah, because it is not so essential a feature of the act, that without it the whole would be illegitimate.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
This is the equivalent of "who has read"; therefore the first Tanna (i.e. R. Judah) agrees with the Mishnah about Terumah, not R. Jose.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Because the Grace after meals is a Pentateuchal ordinance (see fol. 21a, p. 135), and therefore parallel to the case of the Shema' where R. Jose does not admit as valid even the post factum reading, if inaudible.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
No contradiction in R. Judah agreeing with R. Judah the son of R. Simeon b. Pazzi, although in the matter of the inaudible Grace after meals it was concluded that he allows it only post factum.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
That even ab initio it is permissible for a deaf man to separate Terumah.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
That only post factum is the inaudible Grace after meals valid.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
So M.; not "there is a Mishnaic teaching" as in edd.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
Not on their audibility.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
As to introduce R. Meir's teaching into the discussion.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
The teaching of R. Judah the son of R. Simeon b. Pazzi, viz. the deaf person may separate the Terumah ab initio, is in agreement with R. Meir's view that the Shema' may be read inaudibly ab initio.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
R. Judah's view that the act of the deaf person is only allowed post factum agrees with the statement of his teacher, R. Eleazar b. 'Azariah, that post factum only is the inaudible reading of the Shema' permissible.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
A boy under the age of 13 years.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
The point at issue is the fact that such a recital must be inaudible to the reader.
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