ואין מברכין עליו ואין מזמנין עליו ופטור מקריאת שמע ומן התפלה ומן התפילין ומכל מצות האמורות בתורה ובשבת מיסב ואוכל בשר ושותה יין ומברך ומזמן ומברכין עליו ומזמנין עליו וחייב בכל המצות האמורות בתורה. רשב"ג אומר מתוך שנתחייב באלו נתחייב בכולן
nor do others say Grace on his behalf or include him for Zimmun. He is likewise exempt from the reading of the Shema', from Tefillah, Tefillin, and all the commandments mentioned in the Torah. On the Sabbath, however, he may recline at his meal, eat meat and drink wine, say Grace and arrange Zimmun, and others may say Grace on his behalf and include him for Zimmun ; and he is under the obligation of reading the Shema' and Tefillah, and all the commandments mentioned in the Torah. Rabban Simeon b. Gamaliel says : Since he is under the obligation of these, he has obviously the obligation of them all !
Rosh on Berakhot
......Rashi explains that it is not necessary for one to make the Hamotzie blessing from that we learn that if he wants to make the blessing he has permission. This does not seem to be the implication in the conversation of this idea which teaches that even outside the area of four amot is also prohibited because there is a general rule that one may not bless. And there are those who say that from the conversation we learn the prohibition to bless is only at a time when one is engaged in the needs of the dead person but if one has already completed the persons needs or there are others to take care of the dead person's needs - then he may bless. And in the Yerushalmi that implication does not seem to be accepted because we explain there/translate "doesn't eat" as he doesn't eat meat and he doesn't drink wine and he doesn't make a blessing. And if he blesses others do not answer him, amen. And if others bless they are not answered with amen. And in the answering of amen, one does not invalidate the needs of the dead even though here it is technically prohibited to say amen. And further we say above in our chapter on page 19 "if the dead person isn't in front of you - you can sit and read Shema and he sits silently while they stand and pray the Amidah and he stands and justifies the law and he isn't involved in the needs of the dead ______________ and he can focus on the first pasuk of Shema. Therefore we see its prohibited to pray while one is in front of you who is in Aveliut.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
"Reading Shema' and Tefillah" is added by M. and is found in Semahot x (cf. Mo'ed Katon 23 b) from which this quotation is taken. Tefillin is not mentioned becaase the phylacteries are not worn on the Sabbath.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
M. : Rabban Gamaliel.
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Abraham Cohen Footnotes to the English Translation of Masechet Berakhot
