Related for Berakhot 45:5
אמר רבי שמואל בר נחמני אמר רבי יונתן הנצרך לנקביו הרי זה לא יתפלל משום שנאמר (עמוס ד, יב) הכון לקראת אלהיך ישראל
R. Samuel b. Nahmani said in the name of R. Jonathan : If a man feels the need to relieve himself, he should not say the Tefillah; because it is said, "Prepare to meet thy God, O Israel" (Amos iv. 12).
Tosefta Berakhot
A person should not go into dirty alleyways and read the Shema [there]. And not only that, but even if he already walked into [a dirty alleyway] while he was reading [the Shema], he should stop [reading it] until he completely exits from that area, and [only then] he [may continue] reading [the Shema]. A person should not stand and pray [Shmoneh Esreh] while he needs to relieve himself, as it is said, “Prepare to greet your God, Yisrael.” (Amos 4:12)
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