Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Arakhin 34

CommentaryAudioShareBookmark
1

חדא אמצורע עני ומדירו עני וחדא למעוטי מצורע עשיר ומדירו עני

One refers to a poor leper.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
2

סלקא דעתך אמינא

when the person who vowed [his sacrifice] was poor; the other to a rich leper when he who vows is poor.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In one respect it does apply, in the other it does not. It does not apply to the case of a poor man vowing a rich leper's sacrifice, therefore the remark, 'But it is not so with offerings', is justified. But it does apply to the case of a poor man vowing a poor leper's sacrifice.');"><sup>1</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
3

הואיל ואיתרבו איתרבו קמ"ל

One might have believed that since he was included, he was completely included,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' One might have assumed that since on the basis of the Scriptural 'And his means suffice not', we include the poor man vowing a poor leper's sacrifice in the consideration due to a poor man's dedicating a rich man, that therefore we might extend the same consideration even to a poor man vowing a rich leper's sacrifice, therefore we need the exclusive meaning of, 'If he be too poor', i.e., only a poor leper's sacrifice is reduced, but a rich leper's sacrifice, even if vowed by a poor man, is not reduced.');"><sup>2</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
4

לפי שמצינו בערכין עני שהעריך את העשיר נותן ערך עני יכול אף זה כן

therefore we are informed [that it is not so].

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
5

ת"ל

even as it was taught: Since we find in case of valuation that a poor man who evaluated a rich man need pay but the valuation of a poor man, one might have assumed that the same applied also to this [case], therefore the text states: And if he be poor'.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
6

אם דל הוא

But according to Rabbi who said: I SAY THE SAME APPLIES ALSO WITH REGARD TO A VALUATION which shows that we are guided by the liability of the person,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whose valuation has been vowed, not by the ability of the person who vows it.');"><sup>3</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
7

ולרבי דאמר

so that no Scriptural verse is necessary to exclude,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the case of a poor man who vows the offering due from a rich leper; since on Rabbi's view the law can be derived from valuations, we are guided by the liability of the leper and not by the means of him that vowed.');"><sup>4</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
8

אומר אני אף בערכין כן אלמא אמר

what then does: '[If] he [be too poor]' exclude? - It excludes the case of a poor leper whilst he who vowed was rich.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
9

בתר חיובא דגברא אזלינן והא לא צריכא קרא למעוטי הוא למעוטי מאי

I might have assumed that since Rabbi said: We are guided by the liability of the person, we shall here too be guided by the liability of the person, therefore we are informed [that we are not so guided here].

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
10

למעוטי מצורע עני ומדירו עשיר

<big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>IF HE WAS POOR AND THEN BECAME RICH,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If he became rich either before he had paid the valuation (Rashi) ; or (Tosaf. Yomtob) before he had been assessed by the priest as to his means.');"><sup>5</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
11

סד"א

OR RICH AND THEN BECAME POOR, HE MUST PAY THE VALUATION OF A RICH MAN.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
12

הואיל ואמר רבי בתר חיובא דגברא אזלינן קמ"ל:

R'JUDAH SAYS: EVEN IF HE WAS POOR AND BECAME RICH AND THEN AGAIN BECAME POOR HE MUST PAY THE VALUATION OF A RICH MAN.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
13

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> היה עני והעשיר עשיר והעני נותן ערך עשיר

BUT IT IS NOT SO WITH OFFERINGS.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
14

ר' יהודה אומר

EVEN IF HIS FATHER WAS DYING [WHILST A MAN VOWED] AND LEFT HIM TEN THOUSAND, OR IF HE HAD A SHIP ON THE SEA AND IT BROUGHT TO HIM TEN THOUSAND, THE SANCTUARY HAS NO CLAIM AT ALL ON THEM.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Again the meaning of the Mishnah is disputed. Rashi holds, 'But it is not so with offerings' refers to the difference between the rules governing them, and those governing valuations; the second part of the Mishnah, however, applies evenly to both. Maimonides, on the other hand, sees the two parts forming one whole. The difference between offering and valuation lies in this: with regard to the former, everything depends on the sufficiency of means of him from whom the offering is due at the moment when the offering is due, which, according to R. Simeon and the other Tannaim (v. infra) means the time when the sin- and guilt-offerings respectively are offered up. and according to R. Eliezer b. Jacob, the time when he brings the birds into the Sanctuary. If at that moment he is poor, then he need bring but the sacrifice of a poor leper, even though his father be dying. or his boat be on the way back and thus promising him an increase in his sufficiency of means. Tosaf. has valid kct objections to this interpretation. s.v. .');"><sup>6</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
15

עני והעשיר וחזר והעני נותן ערך עשיר

<big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>IF HE WAS POOR AND THEN BECAME RICH etc. , [as it is written,] According to the means of him that vowed.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XXVII, 8.');"><sup>7</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
16

אבל בקרבנות אינו כן

OR RICH AND THEN BECAME POOR [etc.].

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
17

אפי' מת אביו והניח לו ריבוא או ספינתו בים ובאה לו ברבואות אין להקדש בה כלום:

[as it is written,] According to the means of him that vowed.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XXVII, 8.');"><sup>7</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
18

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> עני והעשיר (ויקרא כז, ח) אשר תשיג יד הנודר עשיר והעני על פי אשר תשיג

R'JUDAH SAID: EVEN IF HE WAS POOR AND BECAME RICH AND THEN AGAIN BECAME POOR etc. What is the reason of R'Judah's view? - Scripture said: But if he be too poor for thy valuation,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XXVII, 8.');"><sup>7</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
19

ר' יהודה אומר

i.e., only if he remains in his poor state from the beginning to the end.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
20

אפי' עני והעשיר וחזר והעני נותן ערך עשיר

But if that be so [consider that]: 'If he be too poor'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' With reference to a leper.');"><sup>8</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
21

מ"ט דר' יהודה

[Would you say] here, too, 'only if he remains poor from the beginning to the end'?

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
22

אמר קרא

And if you were to say, 'Indeed so'! Have we not learnt: If a leper offered up [part of] his offering as a poor man and became rich, or as a rich man and became poor, all should be guided by what the sin-offering was.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
23

(ויקרא כז, ח) ואם מך הוא מערכך עד שיהא במכותו מתחלתו ועד סופו

These are the words of R'Simeon, R'Judah says: Everything should be guided by [what he was when he brought] the guilt-offering.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [The leper had to bring a guilt-offering, a sin-offering and a whole-offering (Lev. XIV, 19, 22) . the latter two varying according whether he be poor or rich. If his condition changed after having brought his sin-offering, the whole-offering which he subsequently brings must be a bird if the sin-offering he had brought as a poor man was a bird, or a he-lamb if the sin-offering he had brought as a rich man had been an ewe lamb].');"><sup>9</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
24

אלא מעתה (ויקרא יד, כא) ואם דל הוא הכי נמי עד שיהא בדלותו מתחלתו ועד סופו

And it was taught: R'Eleazar B'Jacob says.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
25

וכי תימא הכי נמי והתנן

All should be guided by what [he was when he brought] the birds?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. XIV, 4. He had to bring these birds alive into the Sanctuary.');"><sup>10</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
26

מצורע שהביא קרבנותיו עני והעשיר עשיר והעני הכל הולך אחר חטאת דברי ר' שמעון

- But surely it was said with regard thereto; R'Judah said in the name of Rab: All the three inferred it from one Scriptural verse: Whose means suffice not for that which pertaineth to his cleansing.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. Xlv, 32.');"><sup>11</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
27

רבי יהודה אומר

R'Simeon holds: [The reference is to] the thing that procures atonement, that is, the sin-offerin R'Judah holds: It is to the thing which renders him fit, that is, the guilt-offering.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is the guilt-offering which renders him fit to enter the Sanctuary and to eat of the holy meat, after the priest had applied the blood thereof on the tip of his right ear and great toe of his right foot and thumb of the right hand. Lev. XIV, 14.');"><sup>12</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
28

הכל הולך אחר אשם

R'Eleazar B'Jacob says: The thing which causes his cleansing, that is, the birds.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
29

ותניא ר' אליעזר בן יעקב אומר

But then why is it said: '[If] he [be too poor]'?

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
30

הכל הולך אחר צפרים

According to Rabbi, as he explains it, and according to the Sages, as they explain it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Supra p. 99, n. 6.');"><sup>13</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
31

הא אתמר עלה

But then,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In view of the interpretation of the verse 'If he be too poor'. taking the 'he' to denote that there has been no change of condition all the time.');"><sup>14</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
32

אמר רב יהודה אמר רב ושלשתן מקרא אחד דרשו

[when it is written:] He being a witness,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lev. V, 1.');"><sup>15</sup></span>

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
33

(ויקרא יד, לב) אשר לא תשיג ידו בטהרתו רבי שמעון סבר

would you here, too, say that he must be a fit [witness] from beginning to end?

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
34

דבר המכפר מאי ניהו חטאת

And if you will say: Indeed so! Surely it was taught: If a man knew testimony [to give] for another before he became his son-in-law, and then became his son-in-law; or if he then could hear and now became deaf; could see and now became blind; was of sound mind then and now became stupid, then he is disqualified [as witness].

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
35

ור' יהודה סבר

But if he knew testimony [to give] for him before he became his son-in-law, then became his son-in-law,

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
36

דבר המכשיר ומאי ניהו אשם

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
37

ר' אליעזר בן יעקב סבר

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
38

הגורם לו טהרה ומאי ניהו ציפרים

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
39

ואלא הוא למה לי

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
40

לרבי כדאית ליה ולרבנן כדאית להו

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
41

אלא מעתה (ויקרא ה, א) והוא עד עד שיהא כשר מתחלתו ועד סופו

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
42

וכי תימא הכי נמי והא תניא

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
43

היה יודע לו בעדות עד שלא נעשה חתנו ונעשה חתנו פקח ונתחרש פתוח ונסתמא שפוי ונשתטה הרי זה פסול

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
44

אבל היה יודע לו עדות עד שלא נעשה חתנו ונעשה חתנו

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
Previous ChapterNext Chapter