Bekhorot 53

טובת הנאה לבעלים

the benefit for putting a person under an obligation.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Receiving in return a small amount for this privilege.');">¹</span>

כיצד

In what way? - If an Israelite separated terumah from his pile and another Israelite found him and said to him: 'Here is a sela' for you and give it to the son of my daughter, a priest', it is permitted.

ישראל שהפריש תרומה מכריו ומצאו ישראל אחר ואמר לו

If, however, a priest [approached him] on behalf of another priest, it is forbidden.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For it looks as if the priest buys the right of the terumah on behalf of another priest, although he can claim it himself. It, therefore, comes under the category of the action of a priest who helped in the threshing floor.');">²</span>

הא לך סלע זה ותנהו לבן בתי כהן מותר

And why does not the Tanna [of the Baraitha] also mention the case of the priest's gifts?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of a butcher who separates the priest's gifts or that of a shepherd who gives up the firstling, in each of which cases he may receive a sela' from another Israelite who said to him: 'Here is a sela' and give it etc.'');">³</span>

אם היה כהן לכהן אסור

- He can explain it to you [as follows].

ותנא מאי טעמא לא קאמר מתנות כהונה

When terumah is consecrated as such, since it is not redeemed, no mistake can be made with it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since everybody is aware that terumah cannot lose its holiness, and therefore the priest on whose behalf the sela' was paid by the Israelite will not mistakenly use it as hullin.');">⁴</span>

אמר לך

But in these cases [of the firstling and priest's gifts], since they are consecrated only their value, the priest may make a mistake with them, thinking that their holiness is redeemed for the four zuz [i.e., the sela'] and thus will come to treat them after the manner of hullin.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For if the priest chose to sell to an Israelite the firstling's flesh, or the shoulder etc. , he can do so and the latter is no longer required to eat t flesh roasted and with mustard, the royal manner of eating, as the priest is compelled to do, and thus he may be led to give the flesh to dogs to eat, treating it as mere hullin.');">⁵</span>

תרומה דקדושת הגוף היא דכיון דלא מתחלא לא אתי למיטעי בה

Raba said: Terumah from abroad<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., outside Palestine.');">⁶</span>

הני כיון דקדושת דמים נינהו אתי למיטעי בהון דבר מיתחל קדושתייהו אארבעה זוזי ואתא למינהג בהן מנהג דחולין

is not subject to the ruling of a priest who helps in the threshing floors.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The ruling mentioned here is not applied, because the giving of such terumah is only a Rabbinic enactment, and therefore we are not particular with reference to it.');">⁷</span>

אמר רבא

R'Hama gave it to his attendant.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who was a priest, in lieu of payment for his services, and he had no fears about its being similar to the case of a priest who helps in the threshing floor.');">⁸</span>

תרומת חוצה לארץ אין בה משום כהן המסייע בבית הגרנות

Samuel said: Terumah from abroad is neutralized in a larger quantity.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' One measure of terumah is nullified in two of hullin, and it is not required that the one measure of terumah should be neutralized in a hundred, as is the case with terumah in the Holy Land. Also, after being neutralized, the whole mixture may be eaten by a non-priest or by the priest himself in his days of levitical impurity.');">⁹</span>

רב חמא יהיב ליה לשמעיה

Rabbah<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' He was a priest, being a descendant from the House of Eli.');">¹⁰</span>

אמר שמואל

neutralized it in a larger quantity and used to eat it in the days of his [levitical] impurity.

תרומת חוצה לארץ בטילה ברוב

R'Huna the son of R'Joshua, when he happened to have wine of terumah [from abroad], used to mix two natla<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A measure, one-fourth of a log.');">¹¹</span>

רבה מבטלה ברוב ואוכל לה בימי טומאתו

of hullin with one natla of terumah, and after that he would add one [natla] and take one.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And proceeded to act thus until all the terumah was neutralized, there being always a greater quantity of hullin to neutralize the terumah. (R. Gershom.)');">¹²</span>

רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע כי מתרמי ליה חמרא דתרומה הוה רמי תרי נטלי דחולין וחדא נטלא דתרומה ושקיל חד

Samuel further said: Terumah from abroad one may go on eating, leaving the separation for afterwards.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Even delaying the separation until the end. According to Tosaf., however, there must remain a portion of the pile even after the separation, to carry out the principle of mukaf (lit., 'brought near') requiring that the terumah must be of a mass in close neighbourhood of the products from which it is set aside.');">¹³</span>

מיכן ואילך רמי חדא ושקיל חדא

Samuel further said: Terumah from abroad is forbidden only for one whose uncleanness issues from his body;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' E.g., one afflicted with gonorrhoea, or who has become defiled.');">¹⁴</span>

ואמר שמואל

and this is the case only as regards eating, but as regards touching, there is no objection.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And although he makes the terumah unclean, we do not trouble, as there is no obligation to preserve it in a state of cleanliness.');">¹⁵</span>

תרומת חוצה לארץ אוכל והולך ואח"כ מפריש

Said Rabina: Therefore a woman during menstruation may separate the hallah<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The Priest's share of the dough, since as regards coming in contact, there is no restriction on a menstruant woman.');">¹⁶</span>

ואמר שמואל

and a priest who is a minor,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The woman herself being unclean through an uncleanness which issues from the body, and therefore only a minor but not an adult priest may eat it. And even an adult priest, if he bathes and purifies himself from pollution is considered as a minor in this respect. Another reason why it says 'a minor' is because a minor is not subject to pollution and thus did not become unclean. Still another reason is because hallah can be of a small quantity which is only sufficient for a minor, as the expression later on 'on the point of a shovel' indicates.');">¹⁷</span>

אין תרומת חוצה לארץ אסורה אלא במי שהטומאה יוצאה עליו מגופו

eats it; and if there is not a priest who is a minor, she takes it on the point of the shovel<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Avoiding direct contact, for we are endeavouring as far as possible to prevent her touching it (Rashi) . Tosaf. observes that this refers to a baker's shovel used in order to place it more easily in the oven and in the fire, for if according to Rashi's explanations the difficulty arises that coming into direct contact, as we are taught above, is not forbidden at all.');">¹⁸</span>

והני מילי באכילה אבל בנגיעה לית לן בה

and throws it in the oven, and then separates other hallah<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This implies that where there is a minor who is a priests we do not demand the separation of two hallahs. In places, however, near the Holy Land, two hallahs are required to be separated, one for the fire and the other for the priest.');">¹⁹</span>

אמר רבינא

in order that the law of hallah may not be forgotten and an adult priest eats it.

הילכך נדה קוצה חלה ואוכל לה כהן קטן

R'Nahman, R'Amram and Rami B'Hama were sailing in a boat.

ואי ליכא כהן קטן שקלה לה בריש מסא ושדיא בתנורא והדר מפרשא חלה אחריתי כי היכי דלא תשתכח תורת חלה ואוכל לה כהן גדול

R'Amram went away to ease himself.

רב נחמן ורב עמרם ורמי בר חמא הוו קאזלי בארבא סליק רב עמרם לאפנויי אתאי ההיא איתתא עלת קמייהו אמרה להו

A certain woman came, approached and asked them: Is it allowed for one made unclean through a corpse that he should bathe and eat terumah from abroad?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Without the sprinkling and waiting for sunset, for complete purification.');">²⁰</span>

טמא מת מהו שיטבול ואוכל תרומת חוצה לארץ

- Said R'Nahman to Rami B'Hama:

אמר ליה רב נחמן לרמי בר חמא